Effects of Rice Planting in Ponds on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal and Fish Growth in Aquatic Water

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0850

Abstract

Abstract:

This research is to explore the effect of rice planting in ecological floating bed on nitrogen and phosphorus removal and fish growth in northern ponds. Six ponds with an area of 0.267 hm² were selected and divided into two groups, test group and control group, with three replicates in each group. The area of floating bed rice accounted for 20% of the pond area. The species, specification, quantity, collocation proportion and feed feeding of fish cultivation in test group and control group were identical. During the experiment, the total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N), phosphate (PO₄³-P), total phosphorus (TP) and some relevant statistics had been supervised in each half a month. After the test, all kinds of fish out of the tank specifications were measured, and the output per unit area, total output, survival rate and feed coefficient of all kinds of fish were counted. The results showed that at the beginning of the experiment on June 15, there was no difference in hydration indexes between the test group and the control group (P>0.05), all the hydration indexes in the test group were significantly lower than those of control group from July 1 to the end of the experiment (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, TN, NH⁴⁺-N, NO₃^--N, TP, PO₄^3--P in the test group decreased by 55.31%, 70.25%, 54.61%, 68.68%, 53.79%, respectively. At the end of the experiment, TN and TP of the test group were 0.73 mg/L and 0.12 mg/L respectively, which reached the first-class discharge standard of our country. The ex-pond size and yield per unit area of crucian carp and gurnard in test group were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05) 14.48%, 12.68% and 12.98%, 15.01% respectively. The total yield per unit area in test group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05) 11.59%, there was no significant difference in survival rate, fish size and yield per unit area between the test group and the control group (P>0.05). The feed coefficient of the test group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05) 7.48%. Rice planting on floating bed in ponds can significantly remove N and P from the water body of ponds, and significantly increase the yield of fish and feed efficiency.

Key words: biological floating bed, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, fish, growth, feed utilization rate

ZU Xiaoguang, YANG Bingkun, LIU Tiegang, LI Xiuying, ZU Xiujie, LIU Yanhui. Effects of Rice Planting in Ponds on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal and Fish Growth in Aquatic Water[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(24): 151-157.

Figures/Tables 9

References 26

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项目	异育银鲫‘中科5号’	团头鲂‘华海1号’	长丰鲢	鳙鱼
规格/g	64.82±10.41	52.70±8.63	0.23±0.06	0.31±0.07
数量/尾	72000	7500	15000	15000

项目	异育银鲫‘中科5号’	团头鲂‘华海1号’	长丰鲢	鳙鱼
规格/g	64.82±10.41	52.70±8.63	0.23±0.06	0.31±0.07
数量/尾	72000	7500	15000	15000

项目	鲫		鲂
项目	试验	对照	试验	对照
规格/（g/尾）	413.6^a±17.8	361.3^b±14.4	358.7^a±12.1	317.5^b±15.0
成活率/%	94.2^a±1.5	95.7^a±1.2	94.4^a±2.3	92.7^a±3.1
产量/(kg/hm²)	10519.5^a±289.5	9336.0^b±196.5	2539.5^a±114.0	2208.0^b±97.5
项目	鲢		鳙
项目	试验	对照	试验	对照
规格/（g/尾）	61.7^a±3.1	68.3^a±2.4	92.2^a±3.2	85.7^a±3.2
成活率/%	80.6^a±3.1	82.3^a±2.8	91.8^a±2.6	92.4^a±3.3
产量/(kg/hm²)	745.5^a±102.0	843.0^a±79.5	1344.0^a±52.5	1188.0^a±52.5

项目	鲫		鲂
项目	试验	对照	试验	对照
规格/（g/尾）	413.6^a±17.8	361.3^b±14.4	358.7^a±12.1	317.5^b±15.0
成活率/%	94.2^a±1.5	95.7^a±1.2	94.4^a±2.3	92.7^a±3.1
产量/(kg/hm²)	10519.5^a±289.5	9336.0^b±196.5	2539.5^a±114.0	2208.0^b±97.5
项目	鲢		鳙
项目	试验	对照	试验	对照
规格/（g/尾）	61.7^a±3.1	68.3^a±2.4	92.2^a±3.2	85.7^a±3.2
成活率/%	80.6^a±3.1	82.3^a±2.8	91.8^a±2.6	92.4^a±3.3
产量/(kg/hm²)	745.5^a±102.0	843.0^a±79.5	1344.0^a±52.5	1188.0^a±52.5

项目	总产量	摄食鱼产量	摄食鱼放养量	摄食鱼增重量	饲料投喂量	饲料系数
试验组	15148.5^a±769.5	13042.5^a±654.0	2146.5^a±0.0	10912.5^a±498.0	14841.0^a±1104.0	1.36^b±0.3
对照组	13575.0^b±714.0	11530.5^b±580.5	2146.5^a±0.0	9397.5^b±445.5	13542.0^b±981.0	1.47^a±0.2