Development Trends and Suggestions for Agricultural Aviation Technologies and Equipment——Towards Agriculture New Development Status and New Industrial Growth, Strengthening the Agricultural Part in Low-altitude Economic

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0250

Abstract

Abstract:

To promote the modernization of agricultural aviation technologies and the high-quality development of the industry, this study adopts methods such as regional comparative analysis, technology hotspot tracking, case study analysis, industrial chain structure examination, and comparison of key technical parameters. It systematically analyzes the current status and development trends of global agricultural aviation technologies and equipment, provides a comprehensive assessment of China’s advantages and gaps relative to developed countries, identifies core issues such as insufficient original equipment development and missing links in the industrial chain, and proposes priority directions and pathways for China’s agricultural aviation technology innovation during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. Global agricultural aviation technology is developing rapidly. China leads the world in the total number of agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), operational acreage, and flight control technology. However, it still faces prominent issues such as a lack of original technologies, suboptimal performance of key components, incomplete industrial chains, and inadequate cross-domain integrated solutions. The United States dominates international competition due to its mature industrial chain and advanced original technologies. To address these challenges, this study suggests enhancing original technological innovation, accelerating the improvement of the industrial chain, establishing specialized testing platforms, and promoting cross-sector technology integration to overcome existing technical bottlenecks. Meanwhile, policy support, funding input, and talent development should be strengthened to build a low-altitude economic ecosystem for agriculture and promote the sustainable development of China’s agricultural aviation industry.

Key words: agricultural aviation equipment, UAV technology, industrial chain, precise application, development trends

ZHANG Ruirui, ZHANG Linhuan, LI Longlong, DING Chenchen, TANG Qing. Development Trends and Suggestions for Agricultural Aviation Technologies and Equipment——Towards Agriculture New Development Status and New Industrial Growth, Strengthening the Agricultural Part in Low-altitude Economic[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(26): 139-147.

Figures/Tables 8

References 31

[1]	HU P, ZHANG R, YANG J, et al. Development status and key technologies of plant protection UAVs in China: A review[J]. Drones, 2022, 6(11):354.
[2]	徐旻, 张瑞瑞, 陈立平, 等. 智能化无人机植保作业关键技术及研究进展[J]. 智慧农业, 2019, 1(2):20-33.
[3]	邓巍, 陈立平, 张瑞瑞, 等. 无人机精准施药关键技术综述[J]. 农业工程, 2020, 10(4):1-10.
[4]	National Agricultural Aviation Association (NAAA). Industry facts & FAQs[EB/OL]. [2025-04-10]. https://www.agaviation.org/about/about-ag-aviation/industry-facts-faqs/.
[5]	Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Aviation safety initiatives[EB/OL].[2025-04-10]. https://www.faa.gov/node/54496.
[6]	IVEZIĆ A, TRUDIĆ B, STAMENKOVIĆ Z, et al. Drone-related agrotechnologies for precise plant protection in western balkans: Applications, possibilities, and legal framework limitations[J]. Agronomy, 2023, 13(10):2615.
[7]	大疆创新(DJI). 大疆农业无人机行业白皮书(2022)[EB/OL].(2023-08-01).[2025-04-10]. https://ag.dji.com/cn/newsroom/ag-news-insight-report-2022.
[8]	TOSCANO F, FIORENTINO C, CAPECE N, et al. Unmanned aerial vehicle for precision agriculture: A review[J]. IEEE access, 2024, 12:69188-69205.
[9]	ZUO A, WHEELER S A, SUN H. Flying over the farm: understanding drone adoption by Australian irrigators[J]. Precision agriculture, 2021, 22(6):1973-1991.
[10]	HE X. Rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for plant protection and application technology in China[J]. Outlooks on pest management, 2018, 29(4): 162-167.
[11]	SHEETS K D. The Japanese impact on global drone policy and law: why a laggard United States and other nations should look to Japan in the context of drone usage[J]. Indiana journal of global legal studies, 2018, 25:513.
[12]	农民日报. 全国植保无人飞机保有量突破25万架——航空植保为农业插上科技"羽翼"[EB/OL]. (2024-11-26).[2025-04-10]. https://www.farmer.com.cn/2024/11/26/99970737.html.
[13]	国家信息中心. 我国低空经济发展面临的问题与政策建议[EB/OL]. (2024-12-30).[2025-04-10]. http://www.sic.gov.cn/sic/81/455/1230/20241230150037500779676_pc.html.
[14]	WANG L, HUANG X, LI W, et al. Progress in agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) applied in China and prospects for Poland[J]. Agriculture, 2022, 12(3):397.
[15]	ZHANG H, WANG L, TIAN T, et al. A review of unmanned aerial vehicle low-altitude remote sensing (UAV-LARS) use in agricultural monitoring in China[J]. Remote sensing, 2021, 13(6):1221.
[16]	陈梅香, 张瑞瑞, 陈立平, 等. 无人机农林业应用全球研究态势分析[J]. 智慧农业(中英文), 2021, 3(3):22-37.
[17]	ALBANI D, IJSSELMUIDEN J, HAKEN R, et al. Monitoring and mapping with robot swarms for agricultural applications[C]. 2017 14th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS). IEEE, 2017: 1-6.
[18]	Pix4D. Drone mapping integration with John Deere Operations Center[EB/OL]. [2025-04-10]. https://www.pix4d.com/blog/drone-mapping-john-deere-operations-center/.
[19]	中国民用航空局. 关于发布2020年1-8月通用航空行政许可信息的公告[Z/OL]. (2020-09-17).[2025-04-10]. https://www.caac.gov.cn/XXGK/XXGK/TZTG/202009/t20200917_204555.html.
[20]	ZHANG Y, ZHAO D, LIU H, et al. Research hotspots and frontiers in agricultural multispectral technology: Bibliometrics and scientometrics analysis of the Web of Science[J]. Frontiers in plant science, 2022, 13:955340.
[21]	DELAVARPOUR N, KOPARAN C, ZHANG Y, et al. A review of the current unmanned aerial vehicle sprayer applications in precision agriculture[J]. Journal of the ASABE, 2023, 66(3):703-721.
[22]	HOOPER G H S, SPURGIN P A. Droplet size spectra produced by the atomization of a ULV formulation of fenitrothion with a Micronair AU5000 rotary atomizer[J]. Crop protection, 1995, 14(1):27-30.
[23]	本刊通讯员. 江苏通报省级农机质量调查结果[J]. 江苏农机化, 2022(2):51-52.
[24]	VULCHI R, BAGAVATHIANNAN M, NOLTE S A. History of herbicide-resistant traits in cotton in the US and the importance of integrated weed management for technology stewardship[J]. Plants, 2022, 11(9):1189.
[25]	YOUNG K. Conceptual design of a fixed-wing crop dusting unmanned aerial vehicle[D]. California: San Jose State University, 2016.
[26]	MYERS D, ROSS C M C, LIU B. A review of unmanned aircraft system (UAS) applications for agriculture[C]. 2015 ASABE annual international meeting. American society of agricultural and biological engineers, 2015:1.
[27]	XUANCHUN Y I N, YUBIN L A N, SHENG W E N, et al. The development of Japan agricultural aviation technology and its enlightenment for China[J]. Journal of south China agricultural university, 2018, 39(2):1-8.
[28]	XIONGKUI H, BONDS J, HERBST A, et al. Recent development of unmanned aerial vehicle for plant protection in East Asia[J]. International journal of agricultural and biological engineering, 2017, 10(3):18-30.
[29]	NAHIYOON S A, REN Z, WEI P, et al. Recent development trends in plant protection UAVs: A journey from conventional practices to cutting-edge technologies——A comprehensive Review[J]. Drones, 2024, 8(9): 457.
[30]	ZHANG R, HEWITT A J, CHEN L, et al. Challenges and opportunities of unmanned aerial vehicles as a new tool for crop pest control[J]. Pest management science, 2023, 79(11):4123-4131.
[31]	ZHANG R, HU P, LI L, et al. Fine-grained method for determining size and velocity distribution patterns of flat-fan nozzle-atomised droplets based on phase doppler interferometer[J]. Computers and electronics in agriculture, 2024, 225:109343.

国别	制造商	型号	功能	适用范围
美国	Satloc	IntelliFlow2/IntelliFlow3	液体/固体颗粒	有人驾驶飞机（固定翼/直升机）
加拿大	AG-Nav	AG-Flow	液体	有人驾驶飞机（固定翼/直升机）
中国	国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心	KZ-80/KZ-32/KZ-30/SC30	液体/固体颗粒	有人驾驶飞机（固定翼/直升机）、大型无人机

国别	制造商	型号	功能	适用范围
美国	Satloc	IntelliFlow2/IntelliFlow3	液体/固体颗粒	有人驾驶飞机（固定翼/直升机）
加拿大	AG-Nav	AG-Flow	液体	有人驾驶飞机（固定翼/直升机）
中国	国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心	KZ-80/KZ-32/KZ-30/SC30	液体/固体颗粒	有人驾驶飞机（固定翼/直升机）、大型无人机

生产企业	产品型号		单项满意度指数								综合满意度指数
生产企业	产品型号		安全性		适用性		可靠性		售后服务		综合满意度指数
江苏常发农业装备股份有限公司	CFH2004		91.75		95.40		86.71		87.00		90.10
常州东风农机集团有限公司	DF1504-5		93.93		94.23		84.17		86.41		89.61
江苏沃得农业机械有限公司	WD1304B		91.33		91.69		85.79		82.47		87.91
第一拖拉机股份有限公司	LY1404		95.37		94.82		88.48		85.93		91.24
河南向阳红机械制造有限公司	向阳红-1604		97.79		97.54		91.52		96.13		95.61
泰安泰山国泰拖拉机制造有限公司	泰山-1604TC		86.34		84.91		94.17		91.16		89.28
山东亿嘉农业机械装备股份有限公司	YJ-1604D		95.13		90.83		93.98		83.64		91.33
山拖农机装备有限公司		ME1204A		99.51		99.68		95.83		99.43		98.50
雷沃重工股份有限公司		M1304-A1		93.67		92.83		81.82		87.64		88.84
约翰迪尔（宁波）农业机械有限公司		5E-1004		98.11		97.03		93.87		94.53		95.90
总体满意度指数		—		94.29		93.90		89.63		89.43		91.83

生产企业	产品型号		单项满意度指数								综合满意度指数
生产企业	产品型号		安全性		适用性		可靠性		售后服务		综合满意度指数
江苏常发农业装备股份有限公司	CFH2004		91.75		95.40		86.71		87.00		90.10
常州东风农机集团有限公司	DF1504-5		93.93		94.23		84.17		86.41		89.61
江苏沃得农业机械有限公司	WD1304B		91.33		91.69		85.79		82.47		87.91
第一拖拉机股份有限公司	LY1404		95.37		94.82		88.48		85.93		91.24
河南向阳红机械制造有限公司	向阳红-1604		97.79		97.54		91.52		96.13		95.61
泰安泰山国泰拖拉机制造有限公司	泰山-1604TC		86.34		84.91		94.17		91.16		89.28
山东亿嘉农业机械装备股份有限公司	YJ-1604D		95.13		90.83		93.98		83.64		91.33
山拖农机装备有限公司		ME1204A		99.51		99.68		95.83		99.43		98.50
雷沃重工股份有限公司		M1304-A1		93.67		92.83		81.82		87.64		88.84
约翰迪尔（宁波）农业机械有限公司		5E-1004		98.11		97.03		93.87		94.53		95.90
总体满意度指数		—		94.29		93.90		89.63		89.43		91.83

国别	飞机制造商	作业装备制造商	服务组织	技术支持机构	专用药剂供应商	管理机构
美国	Air Tractor、 Thrush	Satloc、 TeeJet	NAAA	USDA-ARS、NASS	Bayer、Monsanto（2018年并入Bayer）、BASF	EPA、FAA
日本	Yamaha、 Nileworks	Yamaha	JAAA	NARO	Nihon Nohyaku、 Sumitomo Chemical	MLIT、MOE、MAFF
加拿大	Viking Air	AG-Nav	CAAA	Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada	Bayer、BASF	Transport Canada、PMRA
巴西	Embraer、 Neiva	Zanoni Equipamentos	SINDAG	Embrapa	Bayer、BASF	ANAC、IBAMA
澳大利亚	GippsAero	JARBA 、Micronair（英国）	AAAA	CSIRO	Bayer、BASF	CASA、APVMA
中国	中航工业、大疆、极飞	大疆、极飞	农业航空产业技术创新战略联盟、国家航空植保科技创新联盟	中国农业科学院、国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心	中化农业、先正达（2017年并入中化）	民航局、农业农村部