Effect of Replacing Nitrogen Fertilizers with Organic Fertilizers on Dry Matter Accumulation, Yield and Quality of Colored Wheat

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0248

Abstract

Abstract:

To improve the yield and quality of colored wheat in southwest Shandong, this study explored the effects of different proportions of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer nitrogen on dry matter accumulation, yield and quality of colored wheat, aiming to clarify the optimal fertilization scheme for colored wheat in this area. A field experiment was conducted from 2022 to 2023, to systematically study the effects of no fertilizer (CK), single chemical fertilizer (CF), 25% (M25), 50% (M50) and 75% (M75) organic fertilizer replacing nitrogen fertilizer on dry matter accumulation, grain yield, quality of two colored wheat varieties (A1 ‘Shannongzimai 1’ and A2 ‘Jilanmai 1’). The results showed that compared with CK treatment, different fertilization treatments could increase grain yield, quality and the dry matter accumulation of wheat at wintering, regreening, flag-picking and maturity stages to varying degrees. In term of dry matter accumulation at the maturity stage, there was no significant difference between organic fertilizer and CF in A1 cultivars, and M25 was the highest; compared with CF, both M25 and M50 were much higher in A2 variety, and there was no significant difference with M75. The variation law of grain yield of the two varieties under different fertilization treatments was basically the same, with the increase of the proportion of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer, grain yield were gradually decreased. Compared with CF, M25 and M50 treatments could increase the grain yield, with a range of 1.01% to 3.76% for variety A1 and 3.48% to 5.0% for variety A2. M75 treatment reduced grain yield. In M25 treatment, the crude protein content of the two varieties increased by 3.14% and 1.81%, the content of wet gluten increased by 1.70% and 2.46%; the ductility increased by 1.10% and 0.79%, respectively. With the increase of organic fertilizer replacing nitrogen fertilizer, the crude protein content and wet gluten content decreased, volume weight and the ductility of A2 variety were no significant difference. In summary, M25 treatment could effectively improve grain yield, quality of colored wheat in the wheat planting area of southwest Shandong.

Key words: colored wheat, organic substitution, dry matter accumulation, grain yield, quality

HUANG Ling, ZHAO Kai, SHAO Minmin, ZHANG Yudan, YANG Benzhou, WANG Fuyu, CHEN Guiju, SUN Leiming, WANG Lin, ZHAI Hongmei. Effect of Replacing Nitrogen Fertilizers with Organic Fertilizers on Dry Matter Accumulation, Yield and Quality of Colored Wheat[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(34): 1-6.

Figures/Tables 4

References 31

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品种	处理	有效穗数/(×10⁴/hm²)	穗粒数/粒	千粒重/g	籽粒产量/(kg/hm²)
A1	CK	39.1ab	42.27e	37.78d	7924.95f
	CF	39.29ab	46.47b	38.07d	8704.5bc
	M25	40.74a	45.13bcd	39.22cd	9031.95a
	M50	38.55b	44.13cd	40.05bc	8792.55ab
	M75	40.75a	43.6de	37.92d	8428.05cd
A2	CK	32.15d	44.8cd	39.43cd	7318.45g
	CF	33.79d	48.77a	40.03bc	8290.05de
	M25	35.83c	46.67b	41.99a	8704.5bc
	M50	36.15c	45.53bc	41.22ab	8578.95bc
	M75	35.9c	44.45cd	39.77bc	8088.45ef
F值	品种	276.453^**	74.749^*	36.726^*	70.909^*
	处理	6.786^**	25.857^**	8.259^**	93.842^**
	品种×处理	3.389^*	2.965	0.710	7.258^**

品种	处理	有效穗数/(×10⁴/hm²)	穗粒数/粒	千粒重/g	籽粒产量/(kg/hm²)
A1	CK	39.1ab	42.27e	37.78d	7924.95f
	CF	39.29ab	46.47b	38.07d	8704.5bc
	M25	40.74a	45.13bcd	39.22cd	9031.95a
	M50	38.55b	44.13cd	40.05bc	8792.55ab
	M75	40.75a	43.6de	37.92d	8428.05cd
A2	CK	32.15d	44.8cd	39.43cd	7318.45g
	CF	33.79d	48.77a	40.03bc	8290.05de
	M25	35.83c	46.67b	41.99a	8704.5bc
	M50	36.15c	45.53bc	41.22ab	8578.95bc
	M75	35.9c	44.45cd	39.77bc	8088.45ef
F值	品种	276.453^**	74.749^*	36.726^*	70.909^*
	处理	6.786^**	25.857^**	8.259^**	93.842^**
	品种×处理	3.389^*	2.965	0.710	7.258^**

品种	处理	粗蛋白/%	湿面筋/%	容重/(g/L)	延展性/mm
A1	CK	11.59f	22.42d	835.47a	117.04d
	CF	14b	26.98ab	830.73abc	139.53a
	M25	14.44a	27.44a	835.13a	141.06a
	M50	13.75bc	26.46bc	834.33ab	132b
	M75	13.53cd	26.3c	829.73abc	134.52b
A2	CK	11.43f	22.64d	832.2abc	112.25e
	CF	13.29de	26.43bc	827.2bc	125.78c
	M25	13.53cd	27.08a	828.27bc	126.77c
	M50	13.23e	26.43bc	831.87abc	125.95c
	M75	13.18e	25.97c	832.67ab	125.98c
F值	品种	94.677^*	6.125	117.749^**	110.343^**
	处理	281.217^**	183.369^**	1.631	129.601^**
	品种×处理	6.435^**	1.186	1.264	10.201^**

品种	处理	粗蛋白/%	湿面筋/%	容重/(g/L)	延展性/mm
A1	CK	11.59f	22.42d	835.47a	117.04d
	CF	14b	26.98ab	830.73abc	139.53a
	M25	14.44a	27.44a	835.13a	141.06a
	M50	13.75bc	26.46bc	834.33ab	132b
	M75	13.53cd	26.3c	829.73abc	134.52b
A2	CK	11.43f	22.64d	832.2abc	112.25e
	CF	13.29de	26.43bc	827.2bc	125.78c
	M25	13.53cd	27.08a	828.27bc	126.77c
	M50	13.23e	26.43bc	831.87abc	125.95c
	M75	13.18e	25.97c	832.67ab	125.98c
F值	品种	94.677^*	6.125	117.749^**	110.343^**
	处理	281.217^**	183.369^**	1.631	129.601^**
	品种×处理	6.435^**	1.186	1.264	10.201^**