Study on Essential Oil Extraction, Emulsion Preparation, and Antibacterial Activity of Lemongrass Introduced in Yibin

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0506

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the adaptability of lemongrass in Yibin, Sichuan Province, and to provide a reference for the development and utilization of lemongrass and its essential oil, lemongrass from Guangxi was used as the test material and cultivated in Yibin. Growth indicators were measured. The essential oil was extracted using ultrasonic-assisted steam distillation. Tween-80 and Span-80 were selected as surfactants to prepare emulsions in water. The formulation was optimized using the Box-Behnken response surface method. The inhibition rate of the essential oil emulsions in water against natural airborne bacterial colonies was measured by incorporating it into PCA medium. The results showed that lemongrass cultivated in Yibin area had excellent growth potential. The lemongrass had a clump height of approximately 1.21 m, a crown width area of about 1.2 m², 136 tillers per clump, and a fresh weight per plant of about 1.9 kg. Under the conditions of ultrasonication for 90 minutes, a sodium chloride concentration of 11%, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 g/mL, and distillation for 2 hours, the extraction rate of lemongrass essential oil was 2.58%. GC-MS analysis revealed that the essential oil contained 32 chemical components, mainly including geranial (49.38%), neral (28.06%), and β-myrcene (8.49%). When the ratio of Tween-80 to Span-80 was 3:1, the content of the compound surfactant was 4.19%, and the content of lemongrass essential oil was 9.91%, the stability of the prepared lemongrass essential oil aqueous emulsion was optimal. When the volume of the aqueous emulsion was 35 μL/mL (concentration of 3.5%), the inhibition rate against airborne microorganisms was 98.0%. The introduced lemongrass in this experiment is suitable for the climatic conditions of Yibin, grows well, has a relatively high essential oil extraction rate, and the aqueous emulsion exhibits good stability and strong antibacterial effect, laying a foundation for the development and utilization of lemongrass and its essential oil.

Key words: lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), introduction, ultrasound-assisted steam distillation, extraction rate, aqueous emulsion, airborne microorganisms, inhibition rate

CLC Number:

S-3农业科学研究、试验

LIU Xingyou, FENG Xiaoyan, GONG Yuehua, YIN Liguo, ZHOU Wanhai. Study on Essential Oil Extraction, Emulsion Preparation, and Antibacterial Activity of Lemongrass Introduced in Yibin[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(20): 172-182.

Figures/Tables 17

References 29

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水平	因素
水平	X₁：精油添加比例	X₂：复合表面活性剂添加比例	X₃：表面活性剂复配比例
-1	9%	3%	2:1
0	10%	4%	3:1
1	11%	5%	4:1

水平	因素
水平	X₁：精油添加比例	X₂：复合表面活性剂添加比例	X₃：表面活性剂复配比例
-1	9%	3%	2:1
0	10%	4%	3:1
1	11%	5%	4:1

日期	3月15日	4月1日	4月15日	4月30日
丛高/cm	50.1±2.5	68.2±3.7	91.9±3.2	114.0±8.5
冠幅面积/m²	0.5±0.2	0.9±0.3	1.2±0.6	1.6±0.3
单丛分蘖数	40.5±5	72.1±15.2	117±9	136.2±11.6

日期	3月15日	4月1日	4月15日	4月30日
丛高/cm	50.1±2.5	68.2±3.7	91.9±3.2	114.0±8.5
冠幅面积/m²	0.5±0.2	0.9±0.3	1.2±0.6	1.6±0.3
单丛分蘖数	40.5±5	72.1±15.2	117±9	136.2±11.6

试验号	因素
试验号	A	B	C	D	精油得率/%
1	1	1	1	1	1.55
2	1	2	2	2	2.1
3	1	3	3	3	1.81
4	2	1	2	3	2.24
5	2	2	3	1	1.96
6	2	3	1	2	2.34
7	3	1	3	2	1.68
8	3	2	1	3	1.76
9	3	3	2	1	2.00
均值	1.82	1.82	1.88	1.84
均值	2.18	1.94	2.11	2.04
均值	1.81	2.05	1.82	1.94
极差	0.37	0.23	0.29	0.2