Abstract:

The volatile components and relative contents in different organs of Echinacea purpurea, introduced in Mengzi City, Yunnan Province, were analyzed through experiments, providing experimental data for their comprehensive development and utilization. The volatile components in the organs of E. purpurea were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). The compositions of 92 compounds were identified in total. The identified components in roots, stems, leaves, capitulum and peduncles accounted for 90.034%, 90.143%, 91.411%, 94.279%, and 89.016% of their total volatile components, respectively, mainly terpenes, alcohols, ketones, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanes and aldehydes. The relative content of terpenes was the highest in the roots, stems, leaves, capitulum, and peduncles, with percentages of 66.216%, 69.396%, 63.818%, 58.93%, and 40.62% respectively. The composition of terpenes in different organs was different. The highest terpenes in roots and stems were 1-octadecenyl followed by β-caryophyllene. The highest terpenes in leaves was germacrene D, followed by caryophyllin. The highest terpenes in capitulum was caryophyllin, followed by a-cyclohexene. The highest terpenes in peduncles was caryophyllin, followed by germacrene D. Some of the volatile components identified in this study have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer pharmacological effects, and some have positive effects on human development and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health care. The research results provide a reference for the quality evaluation and product development of E. purpurea.

Key words: Echinacea purpurea, volatile oil, HS-SPME, GC-MS, introduction, organs, relative content