Introduction and Cultivation of Six Varieties of Lavandula × intermedia in Fuyang Area

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0326

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the ecological adaptability and application potential of lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia) in Fuyang area, six introduced varieties of lavandin were investigated and analyzed in the third year of planting, including growth indicators such as plant height, crown width, number of flower branches, ornamental indicators such as leaf color, flower color, flowering period, and economic indicators such as essential oil content, composition, and unit yield. The results showed that all varieties could grow normally in Fuyang area, and the plant height of ‘Mentha’ was the highest among the six varieties, reaching 81.30 cm; ‘Sumian’ had the largest crown diameter, reaching 114.25 cm; and ‘Nizza’ showed the largest amount of flowers, with a dry weight of 252.63 g/plant. Besides, deep calyx and corolla colors were observed in ‘Arabian Nights’ with the earliest flowering and the longest ornamental period. According to economic indicators, ‘Arabian Nights’ had the highest extraction rate of essential oil, reaching 5.34%, and ‘Nizza’ had the highest yield of essential oil, reaching 9.22 g/plant. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that the content of linalool and linalyl acetate in the essential oil of variety ‘Nizza’ was the highest and the quality was significantly superior to other varieties. In summary, among the six lavandin varieties, ‘Arabian Nights’ is most suitable for ornamental cultivation, and ‘Nizza’ is the most suitable variety for essential oil extraction cultivation in Fuyang area.

Key words: Lavandula × intermedia, aromatic plant, GC-MS, introduction and cultivation, linalool, linalyl acetate

XIA Fei, LI Hui, BAI Hongtong, SHI Lei, LI Yinong. Introduction and Cultivation of Six Varieties of Lavandula × intermedia in Fuyang Area[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(10): 76-82.

Figures/Tables 6

References 20

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品种	返青期(月/日)	始花期(月/日)	花期/d	颜色			冬季叶片保存率/%
品种	返青期(月/日)	始花期(月/日)	花期/d	叶片	花萼	花冠	冬季叶片保存率/%
Mentha	03/20	05/30	22	灰绿	端紫	85A	82.3
Grappenhall	03/18	05/30	25	灰绿	端浅紫	86D	85.6
Nizza	03/20	05/20	35	灰绿	2/3紫+1/3绿	86D	85.1
Sumian	03/18	05/28	30	灰绿	1/3紫+2/3绿	N88B	80.4
Arabian Nights	03/18	05/18	35	灰绿	全紫	86C	80.2
Tianshanbinglu	03/22	06/05	28	浅灰绿	全紫	N88C	85.7

品种	返青期(月/日)	始花期(月/日)	花期/d	颜色			冬季叶片保存率/%
品种	返青期(月/日)	始花期(月/日)	花期/d	叶片	花萼	花冠	冬季叶片保存率/%
Mentha	03/20	05/30	22	灰绿	端紫	85A	82.3
Grappenhall	03/18	05/30	25	灰绿	端浅紫	86D	85.6
Nizza	03/20	05/20	35	灰绿	2/3紫+1/3绿	86D	85.1
Sumian	03/18	05/28	30	灰绿	1/3紫+2/3绿	N88B	80.4
Arabian Nights	03/18	05/18	35	灰绿	全紫	86C	80.2
Tianshanbinglu	03/22	06/05	28	浅灰绿	全紫	N88C	85.7

品种	单株鲜重/g	单株干重/g	精油提取率/%	单株产量/g	公顷产量/(kg/hm²)
Mentha	234.46±12.88d	87.37±5.32d	4.81±0.25b	3.73±0.57d	100.71±3.45d
Grappenhall	427.33±18.36b	185.83±6.27b	4.21±0.21c	6.94±0.82c	187.38±4.21c
Nizza	563.67±20.54a	252.63±11.66a	4.10±0.17c	9.22±0.82a	248.94±4.75a
Sumian	386.51±15.81c	158.65±8.12c	2.62±0.28d	3.67±0.40d	99.09±3.03d
Arabian Nights	371.33±12.12c	149.19±6.88c	5.34±0.10a	7.06±0.65c	190.62±3.66c
Tianshanbinglu	431.67±15.34b	177.06±10.55b	5.20±0.35a	8.20±1.05b	221.4±4.92b

品种	单株鲜重/g	单株干重/g	精油提取率/%	单株产量/g	公顷产量/(kg/hm²)
Mentha	234.46±12.88d	87.37±5.32d	4.81±0.25b	3.73±0.57d	100.71±3.45d
Grappenhall	427.33±18.36b	185.83±6.27b	4.21±0.21c	6.94±0.82c	187.38±4.21c
Nizza	563.67±20.54a	252.63±11.66a	4.10±0.17c	9.22±0.82a	248.94±4.75a
Sumian	386.51±15.81c	158.65±8.12c	2.62±0.28d	3.67±0.40d	99.09±3.03d
Arabian Nights	371.33±12.12c	149.19±6.88c	5.34±0.10a	7.06±0.65c	190.62±3.66c
Tianshanbinglu	431.67±15.34b	177.06±10.55b	5.20±0.35a	8.20±1.05b	221.4±4.92b

序号	英文名	中文名	保留时间/min	相对含量/%
序号	英文名	中文名	保留时间/min	Mentha	Grappenhall	Nizza	Sumian	Arabian Nights	Tianshanbinglu
1	α-pinene	α-蒎烯	6.554	0.98	0.80	0.25	0.40	0.57	0.74
2	camphene	莰烯	6.967	0.59	0.49	0.22	0.37	0.27	0.47
3	sabinene	桧烯	7.665	0.34	0.28	0.09	0.24	0.30	0.38
4	1-octen-3-ol	1-辛烯-3-醇	7.751	1.08	0.95	0.35	0.75	0.87	1.23
5	3-octanone	3-辛酮	8.011	0.17	0.24	0.50	0.40	0.09	0.16
6	β-myrcene	β-月桂烯	8.139	0.63	0.54	0.78	0.38	0.68	0.66
7	limonene	柠檬烯	9.215	1.53	1.12	0.99	1.01	0.81	0.91
8	1,8-cineole	1,8-桉叶油素	9.283	21.49	19.91	6.60	21.31	15.86	25.30
9	cis-β-ocimene	顺式-β-罗勒烯	9.461	0.36	0.48	0.61	2.02	0.48	0.82
10	trans-β-ocimene	反式-β-罗勒烯	9.75	0.25	0.38	1.47	0.34	0.35	1.40
11	trans-sabinene hydrate	反式水合桧烯	10.277	0.35	0.35	0.07	0.41	0.44	0.36
12	cis-linalool oxide	顺式芳樟醇氧化物	10.438	0.06	0.08	0.17	0.68	0.10	0.25
13	trans-linalool oxide (furanoid)	反式芳樟醇氧化物(呋喃)	10.869	0.50	0.34	0.48	0.84	0.44	0.55
14	linalool	芳樟醇	11.193	33.35	41.00	42.49	33.66	26.03	25.47
15	camphor	樟脑	12.394	18.48	14.67	8.02	10.27	10.75	15.32
16	endo-borneol	龙脑	12.932	3.51	3.70	3.37	13.94	3.49	3.73
17	terpinen-4-ol	萜品烯-4-醇	13.232	2.97	2.21	0.13	0.23	3.65	0.84
18	α-terpineol	α-萜品醇	13.563	2.66	2.22	4.82	2.78	3.50	3.33
19	linalyl acetate	乙酸芳樟酯	15.142	5.13	5.10	19.19	1.80	17.24	9.85
20	lavandulyl acetate	乙酸薰衣草酯	15.972	0.05	0.04	2.26	0.63	4.54	2.04
21	nerol acetate	乙酸橙花酯	17.643	0.18	0.17	0.78	—	0.34	0.31
22	geranyl acetate	乙酸香叶酯	18.067	0.40	0.38	1.64	0.10	0.74	0.71
23	caryophyllene	石竹烯	18.983	0.59	0.42	0.47	0.59	1.19	1.49
24	(E)-β-famesene	(E)-β-法尼烯	19.66	0.08	0.07	0.13	0.34	0.74	0.11
25	germacrene D	大根香叶烯	20.288	0.21	0.21	0.10	0.11	0.44	0.24
26	caryophyllene oxide	石竹烯氧化物	22.369	0.38	0.27	0.13	0.28	0.14	0.45
27	τ-cadinol	τ-毕橙茄醇	23.431	—	0.03	0.06	0.76	0.99	0.38
28	α-bisabolol	α-红没药醇	24.189	0.82	0.96	0.90	1.08	2.25	—
总相对含量/%				97.14	97.41	97.07	95.72	97.29	97.50