Abstract: Most nature reserves in China locate in the poor district areas. Local people there have the urgent needs for natural resources. Their economic rights have been limited strictly when the government enhanced nature reserves protecting. The relationship between nature reserves and local community should be emphasized, from the view of economics. It’s high time for the government to take more practical measures, such as perfecting law system, adjusting management system, cultivating protecting fund to protect local people’s economic benefit and promote sustainable development.