Current issue

• 2007 Vol.23 No.5 Published:05 May 2007

  畜牧兽医科学

  Expression of CCL25/CCR9 and CCL28/CCR10 in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Piglets Qiao Xinan, Chen Liying, Wang Yanling, Yang Guoyu 2007, 23 (5):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1378 )   PDF ( 702250KB )   ( 567 ) 【Objective】 To research the expression of CCL25/CCR9, CCL28/CCR10 in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets. 【Method】 The expression of CCL25/CCR9,CCL28 /CCR10 in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets were measured by conventional RT- PCR at 15d and 30d in the experiment. 【Results】 The results show that the expression of CCL25 mRNA is mainly restricted to the small intestine, CCR9 mRNA is highly expressed in the small intestine, large intestine and stomach. CCL28 mRNA and CCR10 mRNA are expressed in the small intestine, large intestine and stomach, and their expression is higher in the inferior segment of gastrointestinal tract. The expression of CCL25/CCR9 and CCL28/CCR10 in 30d piglets is significantly higher than that in 15d piglets. 【Conclusion】 The expression rule of CCL25/CCR9, CCL28 /CCR10 in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets was concluded, and the basic for further revealing the expression in other tissue and its biological function was established.

  畜牧兽医科

  Growth and Biological Character of Chondrocytes from Deer Antler in Vitro Feng Haihua, Zhao Lihong, Yue Zhanpeng, Song Yu, Li Qianxue, Fan Junwen, Deng Xuming 2007, 23 (5):  6-6.  Abstract + ( 1297 )   PDF ( 868572KB )   ( 641 ) 【Objective】 To establish the in vitro culture and expense methods of sika deer antler chondrocytes for the investigation of antler regeneration study and analyze the biological character of cultured antler chondrocytes. 【Method】 By the techniques of cell culture in vitro, the culture in vitro of the antler chondrocytes were performed. The cells growth was checked up by applying the ways of histology, MTT assay and immunohistochemistry. 【Results】 The antler chondrocytes growth rapidly in plastic cell cultural board and chondrocytes l population demonstrates extensive proliferation and retains the capacity from original passage to passage 4. The original cells growth was faster than the passage. The antler chondrocytes were triangle, polygon and other shape. Immunochemistry results showed that the cultured cells were positive for collagen IIand . dDyeing of toluidine blue was positivet. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the chondrocytes of isolated antler presented proliferous ability in culture by our method. Chondrocytes can be cultured and extensively proliferate and retain biological feature for at least for 4 passages. The methods of antler chondrocytes culture can be used for the related continued research.

  畜牧兽医科学

  Extraction of Leaf Protein Concentrate(LPC) from Ryegrass and it’s Amino Acid Content Yang Chaoying, LiuYan, Xue Zhenglian, Yang Hao 2007, 23 (5):  14-14.  Abstract + ( 1256 )   PDF ( 177407KB )   ( 857 ) The optimum conditions of extracting LPC from the fresh leaves of Ryegrass were studied by using acid-heat methods. And the amino acid contents of LPC were determined. The results show that the optimum extraction technique of LPC was as pH 4.0, the ratio 1:2 for fresh leaf to water and 70℃ with 5min. In such condition the protein concentration of LPC can reach 70.48%. The proportion of essential amino acid, sapor amino acid and drug-effective amino acid in total amino acid are 40.3247%, 22.2439% and 77.5609% separately. The LPC from ryegrass have nutritional, healthy and drug-effective value.

  The Effect of Cadmium on the Developing of Ovary and the Activity of ATPase YangShuhua,, HeJianbin, LiJinlong, XiaoYinxia, ZhangChunhong, XuShiwen 2007, 23 (5):  22-22.  Abstract + ( 1426 )   PDF ( 191599KB )   ( 695 ) [Objective]To approach the toxin mechanism of cadmium on the deveolpment of hens ovaries, and to explain the morbidity mechanisms of cadmium poisoning in the molecular level, in this way to improve the environmental protection consciousness of human, so we can avoid the cadmium poisoning. [Method]we separately added 140mg/kg CdCl2、210mg/kg CdCl2 in the ration to establish the model of the sub-chronic cadmium poisoning. After 20d、40d and 60d, hens ovaries were taken out and weighed to detect the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPasesplenic. [Results]The results show that the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase in the control group were increasing with the development of its age ,and there were no significant differences among each time point. The enzyme activities above in the cadmium group significantly decreased with the time increasing comparing with the control group, and there is a time-dose relation. 【CONCLUSION】The results also show cadmium can depress the developing of ovarian and decrease the activity of ATPase, and furtherly the relativities has been observed between them.

  A Preliminary Study on the in Vitro Maturation of Oocytes from Porcine Preantral Follicle Jin Shuangxing, Zhang Guizhi, Liu Taiyu 2007, 23 (5):  26-26.  Abstract + ( 1569 )   PDF ( 106086KB )   ( 761 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The objective of this study is to empolder further porcine genetic potential and provide large number of oocytes in high quality for embryo biotechnology such as in vitro fertilization, cloning and transgenic technology.【METHOD】To study the optimal maturation methods, one-step and two-step methods were adopted to maturate porcine preantral follicle oocytes regarding eduction of first polar body as maturation symbol. 【RESULTS】The results showed that none of the oocytes recovered from any of these experiments reached metaphase Ⅱ stage after IVM. However, when the cumulus oocyte complexs (COCs) from follicles cultured for 5 days were cultured for another 12d in vitro, oocytes grew to a mean diameter of 102.68μm(102.68±12.21), which is close to that of full-sized porcine matured oocytes.【CONCLUSION】Oocytes can grow close to the full-sized matured oocytes with two-step to maturate porcine preantral follicle oocytes. The results indicated that method of two-step to maturate porcine preantral follicle oocytes was viable.

  Study in Extracting Method of Total RNA of Muscle Larvae of Trichinella spralis Duan Lingxin,, Zhang Xichen, Li Jianhua, Zhang Jingzhi, Gong Pengtao 2007, 23 (5):  29-29.  Abstract + ( 1407 )   PDF ( 127662KB )   ( 650 ) 【OBJECTIVE】In order to explore the method of extracting high quality total RNA from muscle larvae of T.spiralis【METHOD】Total RNA of muscle larvae of T.spiralis were extracted by three methods of using Trizol agentv, (After washing worms with DEPC-treated water, spin down worms at 10000g in microfuge for 1 minute and then remove excess water. Total RNA of muscle larvae of T.spiralis were extracted by three methods of using Trizol reagent:(1)method combining liquid nitrogen and Trizol : After putting liquid nitrogen into mortar up to T.spiralis prepared can be frozen ,put fresh samples into mortar and quickly grinding and add 1ml of Trizol Reagent per 50~100 mg of T.spiralis before thawing ,and transfer the liquid into the eppendorf tubev(2)liquid method: A: Put the fresh samples into mortar precooled at -20℃, In the course of of grinding, add liquid nitrogen unceasing to keep samples frozen and then transfer the powders into the eppendorf tube prepared. B: Put fresh T.spiralis into liquid nitrogen and store at -80℃ prior to grinding, the rest procedure is the same as A.(3)homogenization method: Homogenize T.spiralis samples in 1 ml of Trizol reagent per 50~100 mg of tissue for 20 minutes using a glass-homogenizer putting ice water mixture. The protocols are carried according to the methods of Trizol after grinding or homogenating. The total RNA were compared by gel electrophoresis and the ratio of OD260/OD280)【RESULT】The method of combining liquid nitrogen and Trizol was the suitable method in extracting total RNA from muscle larvae of T.spiralis and obtained the best purification and yield of total RNA; 【CONCLUSION】The high quailty total RNA can be obtained with fresh (samples) and combining liquid nitrogen and lysate.

  Detection on Antibody to Infectious Bronchitis Virus of Chicken by Silver-Enhanced Colloidal Gold Assay (SECGA) Wang Xinwei, Wang Yan, Fang Liyun, Wang Zelin, Xia Pingan 2007, 23 (5):  32-32.  Abstract + ( 1694 )   PDF ( 251016KB )   ( 668 ) 【Objective】 A Silver-Enhanced Colloidal Gold Assay was developed for detection on anti-IBV antibody in chicken. 【Method】 The purified rabbit anti-chicken IgG was labeled with colloidal gold of 10nm in diameter. Then purified IBV was coated onto NCM with 0.4μg each dot. After being blocked, the NCM was immersed in serum samples diluted with different titer (10×2x) for 10 minutes and then reacted in solution of rabbit anti-chicken IgG labeled with colloidal gold diluted with 1:4 for 1 hour. In the end NCM was stained 10 minutes by silver and the result was observed. 【Results】 IBV positive serum titer was more than 10×27, whereas ND, IBD, EDS-76 positive serum titer was less than 10×22, which indicated cross-reaction had no signification. The detection limit of chicken IgG was 0.88ng. SECGA, Serum Neutralization in TOCS and ELISA were significantly co-relative when anti-IBV antibody was detected using them respectively. 【Conclusion】 These results indicated that SECGA could be used for antibody surveillance of IB. At the same time the assay does not need specially experimental instruments, and the detected results are objective and apt to judge with the naked eye. Therefore the method is suitable for using widely in the basic farms and firms.

  Polymorphism of Pig Prepro-orexin Gene and Its Relationship on Litter Size Guan Feng, Luo Yuanyuan, Liu GuangFu 2007, 23 (5):  36-36.  Abstract + ( 1457 )   In this experiment, polymorphism of 62nd SNP of Prepro-orexin gene in four porcine breeds (including Erhualian, xiang, huai and Jiangquhai pig) was anylised by PCR-RFLP method. The relationship between litter size and different genotype of Erhualian breed was analysized. The results showed that there are three genptypes in four porcine breeds, including AA, AB and BB. Frequencies of allele and genotype had a significant difference in differenf breeds. Erhualian and Xiang pigs had three genotypes, Jiangquhai pig had two genotypes, and Huai had only AA genotype. Litter size in populations with differenf genotypes had no significant difference within Erhualian pig, which showed that polymorphism of 62nd SNP of Prepro-orexin gene had no effect on litter size.

  生物技术科学

  Research Advance in Applications of Specific DNA Sequences in Plants Wang Ying, Zhuang Nansheng, Huang Dongyi 2007, 23 (5):  37-37.  Abstract + ( 1304 )   PDF ( 179378KB )   ( 584 ) The specific sequences of DNA in plants were the DNA sequences that were specific existed in some chromosome, genome, species or genus of plant. Almost of the advanced biological genome had some species specific DNA sequences or genome specific DNA sequences. So these specific DNA sequences studying in plant were very important to analyze the relationship among species during their evolvement, the sibship between species, the expression of specific traits and so on. In this paper, the type of specific sequences of DNA in plants was summarized, the utilizing of specific sequences of DNA were concluded to identify genes linkage one character, the origin of extrinsic chromosome, genome, species or genus in plants and so on. The problems that exist in these researches and the progress of utilizing these methods were also reviewed.

  Analysis of the Expression of Three Adversity Genes under Water-stress in Saccharum arundinaceum through Realtime PCR Zhang Jisen, Que Youxiong, Li Wei, Ruan Miaohong, Zhang Muqing, Chen Rukai 2007, 23 (5):  49-49.  Abstract + ( 1911 )   PDF ( 914365KB )   ( 786 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 In order to study the molecular mechanism of Saccharum arundinaceum Retz under water-stress.【METHOD】 In this paper, three gene S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) plus one house-keeping gene had been cloned and their expression levels under different stresses were evaluated by real-time PCR technique. 【RESULTS】 The results showed that the expression of SAMDC was inhibited at the beginning and unregulated at later stage by water stress, as the same to that of OAT was inhibited at the beginning and unregulated at later stage, and the expression of BADH was prohibited at the earlier stage along with the subsequent continuous more obvious unregulation. 【CONCLUSION】 From above, it can be speculated spm, proline and betaine could be induced by water stress, of which the influence on betaine was the biggest. These studies aim to provide the theory base of molecular mechanism for drought resistance breeding in Saccharum arundinaceum Retz.

  Construction of Molecular Fingerprinting Database for Sweet Cherry using SSR Markers Ai Chengxiang, Zhang Lisi, Wei Hairong, Yuan Kejun, Jin Songnan, Liu Qingzhong 2007, 23 (5):  55-55.  Abstract + ( 1750 )   PDF ( 194647KB )   ( 786 ) SSR primers were developed from the 24 cultivars of sweet cherry such as ‘Hongdeng’, ‘Summit’, ‘Jisaila 5’, ‘Jisaila 6’ by 2.5% agar gel electrophoresis. The aim is to select the SSR markers with significant selective difference and a few alleles (2 alleles). The SSR primers, which can amplify stable and distinct band type between different materials, were selected from the 38 pairs of primers, and 10 primer pairs were used to analyze the fingerprint of sweet cherry. The electrophoresis results of the 24 sweet cherry DNA samples were evaluated and analyzed with the softwares of Visual Basic and Access, and the database was established. The amplified bands of the selected 10 primer pairs were lined up, which became the gene identification number of sweet cherry. Eventually, the sweet cherry germplasms were identified according to their molecular identification.

  Estimating Cold-resistance of Transgenic Dianthus chinese with CBF1 Gene Wu Yan,, Dong Jing, Guo Baolin, Lu Renqiang, Jin Wanmei 2007, 23 (5):  59-59.  Abstract + ( 1387 )   PDF ( 216303KB )   ( 1353 ) CBF1 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana was used to transform Dianthus chinese via agrobacterium mediated method and obtain 4 lines of trandgenic plants. The cold-resistance of transgenic plants were estimated by the relative electrolyte leakage percentage, the content of Malondialdehyde and the prolinecontents. Under different low temperature treatment, the relative electrolyte leakage percentage of transgenic lines was lower than CK, the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) of transgenic lines was lower than CK, and the prolinecontents of transgenic lines was higher than CK. The result showed that the cold-resistance of Dianthus chinese enhanced after CBF1 gene transformed into Dianthus chinese. Cold-resistance of line 27 was highest in four transgenic lines.

  Construction of Plant Leaf-specific Expression Vector with PPDK of [Echinochloa crusgalli var frumentacea(Roxb.)W.F.Wight] and Transfer to Agrobacterium tumefaciens Wang Jinming,, Zhao Ming, Ding Zaisong, Zhang Bin, Guo Zhijiang 2007, 23 (5):  63-63.  Abstract + ( 1572 )   PDF ( 326961KB )   ( 609 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 The pyruvate-phosphate dikinase expressed effectively by utilizing leaf-specfic promoter of small subunits of rubisco; 【METHOD】The small subunits of rubisco and the gene of Pdk were digested by PstI and SalI from pRGN and pUCm-Pdk,and inserted into expression vector pCAMBI1301.Then it was transformed into EHA105 by direct entering way; 【RESULTS】The plant transformation vector p1301-Prbcs-PPDK was constructed in this experiment. The selective marker gene was Hpt(Hygomycin phosphate transferase). By digestion and PCR identification, The vector p1301-Prbcs-PPDK was transferred to Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 ; 【CONCLUSION】 The pyruvate-phosphate dikinase is the key enzyme of C4 photosynthesis.The experiment constructed a expression vector suit to monocotyledon,which will provide an important experimental base for study on PPDK function..

  Establishment and Optimization of Sliver Staining Differential Display of Brassica napus L. Qin Ling, , Zhang Chunlei 2007, 23 (5):  67-67.  Abstract + ( 1247 )   PDF ( 237140KB )   ( 535 ) mRNA differential display is a powerful instrument to indentify differentially expressed genes.This experiment is designed to optimize a differential display with silver staining of oilseed, and a optimized differential display system is obtained. The results showed :Many and clear bands were observed ,When the amount of RNA used was about 2μg and the amount of reverse transcription products used was 1.5μl. The annealing temperature on DDRT-PCR Amplification was 40℃,which produced many cDNA band. This system which was used for the analysis of gene expression under low phosphorus condition in Brassica napus L. is stable and reliable.

  Studies on Culture Medium of Wheat Haploid Breeding Cai Dongming, Ji Wanquan, Ren Zhilong, Wang Qiuying, Wang Changyou, Zhang Hong, Wang Yajuan 2007, 23 (5):  71-71.  Abstract + ( 1362 )   PDF ( 652602KB )   ( 635 ) Culture medium affects seedling production of wheat haploid. Growth and development of 16 single F1 on eight kinds of medium were studied in order to find a kind of the optimal culture medium for growth of wheat young embryo. Average seedling production frequency of 8 eight kinds of medium were 32.71%, 41.48%, 47.15%, 53.59%, 57.98%, 62.05%, 53.26% and 42.21%, respectively. Average seedling production frequency of culture medium ①, ②, ③ and ⑧ were lower and that of ④, ⑤, ⑥ and ⑦ were higher. Seedling production frequency of the medium ⑥, (1/2MS+0.2 mg/L IAA+0.2 mg/L6-BAP+2% sucrose +7.5g/L agarose, PH=5.8), was 62.05%. The young germnation differentiation of the medium ⑥ was obvious, and roots curved to the bottle bottom and leaf was deeper green. The results showed that the culture effect of the medium ⑥ was better than that of the other.

  study on Culture of Tube-plantlets of Ginger and its Application in Production Ge Shengjuan 2007, 23 (5):  75-75.  Abstract + ( 1732 )   PDF ( 168468KB )   ( 713 ) Ginger was bred by tissue culture technique, which showed the medium MS+6-BA2.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L is best. The tube-plantlets were tested by hardening and transplanting, which showed the harden plantlets is best to raise transplanting survival rate. The optimal treatment are both stronger plantlets and hardening plantlets. The first generation ginger tuber growing out of the tube-plantlets is smaller and healthy, which is suitable to use as seed tuber. The second generation ginger tuber is larger and higher yield, which has good value to trade and economic benefit。

  Molecular Markers and Peanut Breeding Yang Qingling, Zhang Shaoze, Zhen Zhigao, Duan Ying 2007, 23 (5):  79-79.  Abstract + ( 1258 )   PDF ( 113747KB )   ( 476 ) General concept and kinds of molecular markers was given, such as RELP,RAPD,AFLPand SSR et al, its useness in peanut breeding, and includes some present problems and some ways to deal. In order to use molecular into peanut breeding, the stability and autmation degree of molecular markers should be improved, which the cost of markers should be reduced. We should actively do some reasearch on germplasm resources in China with molecular markers to find, use, mark weate some new gene with high yield, quality and sistance.

  Experiments on Tissue Culture of Officinal Foliage Sapashnikovia divaricata Gsch Ischk Chen Xiangmei, Bei Lixia 2007, 23 (5):  83-83.  Abstract + ( 1471 )   PDF ( 347504KB )   ( 672 ) It was obtained aseptic line derived from seed condition of Sapashnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Gsch ischk. It studied affected callus shaped by different explant, different basic medium, different proportion of incretion. Different proportion of incretion and bring up number of days effected proliferated callus. Results showed that be sieving the basic medium; the best basic medium was MS substrate when callus by inducement; the root’s inducement percent was highest, it was 99.3%, but it wrought callus quality of a material wasn’t good; the leaf’s inducement percent was only lower than the root’s inducement percent, it was 84.6%, and quality of a material was fall apart, showed pea green, it is fittest to studied. It could appear callus only 7d in MS+2,4-D0.6+6-BA0.5 substrate. Orthogonal plan experimentation Results showed: The 6-BA and NAA had obvious accelerate effect when its callus was proliferated, the proliferated speed was soonest when kept up’s number of days was 30d.

  Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Metallothionein Gene from Ganoderma lucidum Xie Dongyang, Zhu Wen , WU Zu-jian , Lin Qi-ying, XIE Lian-hui 2007, 23 (5):  87-87.  Abstract + ( 1599 )   PDF ( 178879KB )   ( 795 ) A partial sequence of Ganoderma lucidum metallothionmerin（MT）gene was identified by RT-PCR and 3’RACE method. The full-length cNDA of G lucidum MT was of 315bp by including a 5’ untranslated region( UTR) of 47 bp,a 3’UTR of 166bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 102 bp encoding a polypeptide of 33 amino ancids. The predicated protein from G lucidum MT gene sequence contained 7 cysteine residues organized in concerve motifs as classically described for MTs. The contens of cysteine is 21.2%, glycine and alanine were 12.1%. The result sequence analsis indicated that GlMT from Ganoderma lucidum was the member of metallothionmerin family.

  Research on Rapid Propagation System of Amorphophallus albus Wang Li, Wei Qin, Zhou Lijun,, Fu Tihua 2007, 23 (5):  91-91.  Abstract + ( 1566 )   PDF ( 119589KB )   ( 596 ) The calli were induced and plantlets were regenerated in vitro from different tissues of Amorphophallus albus. The results showed that the petiole had low contamination and the guidance rate amounted to 85.71%, MS+BA2mg/L+NAA0.01mg/L was the best medium for bud breeding in subculture, the adventitious shoots developed extensive rooting system when they were transferred into MS+NAA0.5mg/L, the rooting rate was amounted to 100%.

  Progress on Plant WRKY Transcription Factor Su Qi, Shang Yuhang, Du Miying, Du Jinmin 2007, 23 (5):  94-94.  Abstract + ( 2082 )   PDF ( 162948KB )   ( 1312 ) Transcription factors play an important role in the regulation of plant growth and development, as well as their response to environment. A typical plant transcription factor usually contains a DNA-binding domain, a transcription regulation domain, an oligomerization site and a nuclear localization domain. Transcription factors interact with cis-elements and regulate the expression of target genes through these domains. WRKY transcription factor that is discovered in plants is one of transcriptional regulatory factors in which N-terminal ends contain a conserved WRKYGQR amino acids sequences. WRKY transcription factor could regulate the target genes expression that contain the W-box elements in the promoter regions by specifically binding to (T)(T)TGAC(C/T) sequence. Therefore, the WRKY transcription factor participates in the plant various kinds physiological and biochemical responses. The progress on the plant WRKY transcription factor in recent years was reviewed in the paper.

  食品科学

  Research for the Technology of Improving the Aroma of Flue-cured Tobacco During Curing Nie Dongfa, Sheng Xiaoxiong 2007, 23 (5):  104-104.  Abstract + ( 1766 )   PDF ( 229453KB )   ( 660 ) In order to enhance the quality and quantity of aroma of the Hunan flue-cured tobacco, increase its industry usability; The effects of different lasting time and humidity conditions during the crucial temperature phase in the flue-cured tobacco curing on the aroma were studied by using the electric-heated temperature and humidity auto-controlled flue-curing barn supplied by Henan Agricultural University; The results indicated, when entering the crucial temperature phase ahead of time and keeping long time, cooperating suitable humidity, which could enable the tobacco yellowing sufficiency, increase its appearance quality. And the starch degradation more completely, the content of total sugar and reduced sugar added, the chemical components also became harmonize；which improved the aroma and inner quality of flue-cured tobacco in some degree, increased its quality and usability.

  Study on the Compression and Cutting Properties of Indica Rice Gel Xu Jindong, Li Yunbo, Zhao Siming 2007, 23 (5):  109-109.  Abstract + ( 1214 )   PDF ( 368562KB )   ( 714 ) 【METHOD】 Compression and cutting properties of rice gel made from different indica rices were studied by texture analyzer in this paper. 【OBJECTIVE】 The purpose of the study is to provide trial data for the choice of the raw material and the quality control of indica rice gel food. 【RESULTS】 Significant differences were found in compression and cutting properties of different indica rice gel. Hardness and chewiness of jinyou402 gel, springiness of M103s/20257 gel, adhesiveness of wanxian89-3 gel, cohesiveness of simiao gel and resilience of simiao gel were the maximum. Hardness and chewiness of liangyou301 is the minimum. Compression properties of liangyou106 except hardness and chewiness were significantly lower than those of other indica rices. The maximum cutting force and shear power of M102s/zhongzu number 1 is the maximum and that of M103S/20257 is the minimum. 【CONCLUSION】 Cohesiveness and resilience of early season indica rice gel was significantly higher and lower than that of late season indica rice respectively. Cohesiveness and resilience of indica rice gels could be used to describe and tell textural properties of early and late season indica rices.

  Formation and Changes of Aromas during the Leaf Processing under Different Conditions in Meizhan Tea Guo Yuqiong,, Zhan Zijin, Jin Xinyi, Guo Yaling, Lai Zhongxiong, 2007, 23 (5):  115-115.  Abstract + ( 1561 )   PDF ( 327982KB )   ( 775 ) In this experiment, the fresh leaves picked in the same batch were used as materials in a high-quality Oolong tea cultivar ‘Meizhan’(Camellia sinensis Kuntze), which is densely fragrant. The formation and changes of aromas during the leaf processing under different conditions in Meizhan tea were analyzed. Four kinds of trends in the changes of formation, growth and decline of aromas appeared as follows: (1) the contents increased progressively; (2) the contents decreased progressively; (3) the contents first increased and then decreased; (4) the components were respectively examined only in the raw tea. The series of complicated dynamic changes reflected the characteristics of formation, growth and decline of the aroma components during the leaf processing, and showed the differences of the processing conditions also affect directly the composition and the proportion of the aroma components. The aromas with the highest contents under the artificial and nature conditions in the raw tea were both nerodiol which is the main characteristic aroma component of Fujian oolong tea. The values of aroma pattern similarity of samples between corresponding stages under two conditions are all above 0.95, which shows that the fragrance of oolong tea has obvious variety fragrance. The organleoptic evaluation results of raw tea indicate that the quality under artificial condition is somewhat higher than that under natural condition.

  Effect of Flavor Compounds in Ultra High Pressure Treated Dry Date Wine Zhang Wenye, Zhang Junsong, Zhao Guangyuan, Mao Duobin, Yang Gongming, 2007, 23 (5):  120-120.  Abstract + ( 1705 )   PDF ( 284719KB )   ( 630 ) The effects of flavor compounds in dry date wine with ultra high pressure treatment (UHP, 100-700 Mpa) at room temperature were studied. The flavor compounds in dry date wine before and after UHP treated were isolated by simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. It was discovered that UHP processing can influence on the content of high alcohols，carboxylic acids, esters, aldehydes and ketones in dry wine date. The experimental results showed that the total content of high alcohol in UHP treated dry date wine were increased continuously；the content of carboxylic acids reaches peak value at 300 MPa then decrease after 500 MPa; the content of esters were decreased under 500 MPa then increase at 700 MPa; the content of aldehyde and ketones in dry date wine were increased after UHP processing.

  Exploratory Strategy for the Development of Green Food Industry in Hunan Zhang Huanyu 2007, 23 (5):  129-129.  Abstract + ( 1347 )   PDF ( 162161KB )   ( 808 ) The concept and characteristics of green food, the necessity of developing the green food in Hunan, and the statue quo of Hunan's green food development were discussed in the paper. It suggests that the green food industry should be regarded as a green revolutionary project to be developed, and the strategy for developing Hunan's green food industry should be studied and practiced in such six aspects as scientifically making overall plans and working out target tasks, developing key project and setting up famous brands, promoting industrial face construction and standardizing operation regulations, organizing researches on special subjects and spreading advanced techniques, building professional websites and timely broadcasting information, and innovating upon management system and ensuring successful production and marketing.

  林业科学

  Studies on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Gamellia sasangua inside Greenhouse Yang Xiaopen,Yang Weihong,Guo Jinping 2007, 23 (5):  139-139.  Abstract + ( 1594 )   PDF ( 136619KB )   ( 710 ) 【Objective】Studies on photosynthetic characteristics of Gamellia sasangua Thunb in greenhouse, which provides theory basis for cultivation of grape in greenhouse; 【Method】Photosynthetic characteristics and physio-ecological features of G. sasangua in greenhouse were examined using CI-301 CO2 GAS ANALYZER, and the principal factors to Pn were tried to find out through path analysis.【Results】(1)the curve of diurnal variation of G sasangua leaf photosynthesis showed two peaks, and had obvious ‘noon break’. The light saturation point and light compensation point of photosynthesis were 221μmol·/m2·s and 13.9μmol·/m2·s , respectively . When the leaf temperature was 27.5oC, the photosynthetic rate reached the highest point.(2)Pn was significantly correlated with Gs, CI, Tr, Ca, PAR, Tl, among which, Gs could be regarded as the principal physiological factor, and PAR the principal ecological factors.(3)Ci and Tr had a obvious positive relationship with Ca and PAR,respectively.【Conclusion】The curve of diurnal variation of G. sasangua leaf photosynthesis showed two peaks,and had obvious ‘noon break’.Gs could be regarded as the principal physiological factor, and PAR the principal ecological factors.

  The Impact of Forest Culture and Forest Thought on National Character Zheng Fangfang, Liu Jiafeng, Sun Yujun, Wu Liyu, 2007, 23 (5):  143-143.  Abstract + ( 1628 )   PDF ( 139672KB )   ( 585 ) The generation of forest culture and forest thought is the requirement of the development of society. With the progress of human being, they have been gradually becoming richer and more perfect. National character that develops on the basis of system of national culture is considered as a state of national spirit. It is a part of national culture. The collective unconscious, which is included in forest thought, influences the improvement of national character.

  The Diversity of Soil on Uphill and Downhill of Woodland and its Influence on Growth of Trees Chen Lifen, Xie zhengsheng ,Huang Xiaofeng, Cai Chuxiong, Liu Shiping, Cao Honglin 2007, 23 (5):  148-148.  Abstract + ( 1441 )   PDF ( 169101KB )   ( 649 ) The physical and chemical characters of the soils from uphill and downhill of three ecological forests in Dongguan city were Analyzed and the growth rates of the trees from uphill and downhill were measured respectively. The results showed that the physical and chemical characters of the soil of downhill was better than uphill and the growth rates of trees also had a tendency that trees from downhill grown faster than ones from uphill. The extent of influence by the diversity of soil from uphill and downhill was different on different tree species. The results contributed to the vertical placement of afforesting trees and the applying of the afforesting practice.

  Study on the Area Measuring Method of the Forest Subcompartment Guo Baosheng, Zhang Jingdong, Wang Linzhong, Guo Dongwei 2007, 23 (5):  152-152.  Abstract + ( 1417 )   PDF ( 138270KB )   ( 819 ) In the implement of the six projects and the management of the forest production, the measurement of the forest compartment area is an important job, however, the traditional method is time-consuming, strenuous and low precision. By the special program measurement of the modern surveying instrument -the total station, the factual area of the irregular topography can be measured and it bears simple, quick, and high precision. Because the method can avoid the influence of the topography, it adopts the measurement of the forest compartment. At the same time the precision can reach 1 to 497. It promotes the modern forest production management, the project implement and the scientific research.

  农艺科学

  Creation and Effect Analysis of New Soybean Variety Hefeng 50 with High-oil and High-yield and High-efficiency Guo Tai, Liu Zhongtang, Wang Zhixin, Wu Xiuhong, Zhen Wei 2007, 23 (5):  156-156.  Abstract + ( 1255 )   PDF ( 247533KB )   ( 574 ) In order to create new soybean variety and discuss breeding technique, the new soybean variety Hefeng 50 is bred through backcrossing, the male parent is Hefeng 35, and the female parent is Hejiao95-1101 (Hefeng34×Hefeng35). Hefeng 50 has good character of high-oil, high-yield, and high resistance to soybean disease. The oil content is 22.57%, and the protein content is 37.41. The average yield of area test is 2506.1kg/hm2 in Heilongjiang province, the yield increased 14.1% than the compare variety Hefeng 35. The average yield of product test is 2560.8kg/hm2 in Heilongjiang province, the yield increased 17.4% than the compare variety Hefeng 35. The average yield of china northern spring soybean area test is 3355.5kg/hm2 , the yield increased 10.3% than the compare variety Suinong 14. The average yield of china northern spring soybean product test is 2788.5kg/hm2, the yield increased 6.3% than the compare variety Suinong 14. This variety is resistant to three main soybean diseases, it is examined and approved by Heilongjiang province agricultural crop committee in 2006. At the same time, it applied for nation examining and approving variety. The results showed that Hefeng 50 was a new soybean variety with high-oil and high-yield and resistant-diseases and wide-adaptability.

  Jiangxi Green Manure - Double-Crop Rice Super-High Production Technology Pattern and Regulation Method Research ——Ⅰ. Differently transplants influence to the early rice growth and the yield Chang Xingang, Huang Guoqin, Zhang Xiufu, Zhang Zhaofei, Liu Longwang, Zhao Ming 2007, 23 (5):  161-161.  Abstract + ( 1322 )   PDF ( 192094KB )   ( 597 ) Research the effect of the two different transplant on the early-rice in 2005 year. Illuminate the ecology and physiology characteristic of the throwing-transplanted rice as follows: The throwing-transplanted rice with some soil couldn’t hurt the root, and accelerate the paddy tiller, as well as the formation of the spike. The community’s leaf area index of throwing-transplanted rice is higher than the hand-transplanted rice paddy ,athough individual plant leaf area index of throwing-transplanted rice is lower. Meanwhile the root number, the weight of the root and the root system vigor of the throwing-transplanted rice is also higher than the hand-transplanted rice. Those enhanced the paddy rice community's photosynthesis speed, and accumulate massive matter for the paddy rice's grouting. Ensure throwing-transplanted rice obtain the super-high yield, Enough effective spikes and grains enhance, under the premise guaranteed the fertility does not drop.

  research progress on Application of Improving Tobacco Soil Fertility by Reusing of Crop Straws Li Zhengfeng., Zhang Xiaohai, Xia Yuzhen, Li Wenzheng, Li Tianfei, Yang Qinghui, Wu Bozhi 2007, 23 (5):  165-165.  Abstract + ( 1667 )   PDF ( 168210KB )   ( 653 ) In order to improve the quality of Tobacco, reusing of Crop Straw is one of the important technical methods to enhance the quality of Tobacco. Crop straws are the important agricultural resource, and reusing of crop straws is the important way which enhances agriculture economy and availably utilizes sources. Reusing of crop straws is one of the effective measures which could obviously improve soil physical and chemic character, advance soil fertility and capability of keeping water and moisture content, increase soil content of nutrient, organic matter and animalcule, as well as, reduce environmental pollution which caused by burning crop straws, assure high and steady product of foodstuff, and is a new technique which could protect ecological environment in country. The researcher roundly expatiated and analyzed the principium, actuality and technique for improving tobacco soil fertility with reusing of crop straws in order to provide technical service and academic gist for tenet that the rational reusing of crop straws could hasten continuable agriculture development.

  科技部“农转资金”项目“‘岳优9113’生产

  Genetic Analysis of Quality Characters in Early Hybrid Rice Li Ping, Xu Qingguo, Hu Zhiming, Xu Wei, Mao Youchun 2007, 23 (5):  171-171.  Abstract + ( 1187 )   PDF ( 370680KB )   ( 579 ) The eating quality of early rices in china is rather poor. To provide theoretical basis for selection of early hybrid rice combinations in good quality, 8 hybrid rice sterile lines of commonly used were crossed with 12 early hybrid rice restorer lines(cultivars) by incomplete diallel cross(NC Ⅱ)design to make 96 combinations of early hybrid rice. The genetics for 12 quality characters of these combinations and their parents were analysed. The results showed that there are very significant heredity differences between combinations in quality characters of 96 early hybrid rice combinations. General combining ability variances percentage of quality characters of early hybrid rice combinations in total genotypic variances are all superior to 50%,except brown rice recovery, milled rice recovery, gel consistency and protein content. The effect of male parent to Quality characters of early hybrid rice combinations are bigger than that of female parent, except brown rice recovery and milled rice recovery. The correlations among genotypic coefficients ,genetic coefficients and correlative heritability are all very significant positive.The follows indirect selections in quality characters of early hybrid rice are all higher: chalky area to chalky score,chalky rice percentage to chalky score and brown rice recovery to milled rice recovery. Else two quality characters indirect selections are all low relatively.

  农艺科学

  A Study on the Culture Techniques of High Yield for the Fine Quality Early Rice-T78 you 2155 Jiang Zhaohua 2007, 23 (5):  180-180.  Abstract + ( 1245 )   PDF ( 184915KB )   ( 598 ) T78 you 2155 was an early hybrid rice combination which is bred by Sanming Institute of Agricultural Science. It had been registered and released by the Crop Variety Appraisal Committee of Fujian, Guanxi and Guandong province. A comprehensive culture techniques for fine quality early rice-T78 you 2155 was studied by the method of optimization design. Three influential elements for the culture techniques were planting density (x1), quantities of nitrogen (x2) and leaf age in transplanting (x3). The regression models of three elements with yield were established. The results showed that the yield was influenced by three elements. After simulation screening and optimal selection by computer, the comprehensive culture techniques of high yield were 4.0~5.2 leaves for transplanting, as 165000~310000 hills per hm2, and 155~212kg N per hm2.

  Study on the system of seed multiplication and extension of improved tea varieties Wei Jingfeng, Chen Chunfen 2007, 23 (5):  184-184.  Abstract + ( 1499 )   PDF ( 153778KB )   ( 709 ) Studying on the system of breeding and introduction and demonstrate of improved tea varieties, and prompting the rate of improved tea varieties are very importance for the development of tea industry in Guangxi Province. We researched and explored the system of spreading technology by establishing improved tea varieties garden and tea varieties garden and tea-nursery and demonstrative tea garden with high yield and high quality and tea processing factory. It included establishing 11.3 ha improved tea varieties garden, 5.3 ha tea varieties garden, 13.3 ha tea-nursery, 26.7 ha demonstrative tea garden with high yield and high quality, 1900 sq.m. standardized tea processing factory, 90 sq.m. low-temperature tea refrigeratory, 700 sq.m. tea quality detection room, and establishments relating to production and examination and improved tea varieties propagation, and technological integration of seed multiplication and research and development and extension and demonstration. We preliminarily established the system of propagation and extension of improved tea varieties and solved its bottlenecks of technological. We got a batch of new technological with independent intellectual property rights and got new products. It offer technology for the development of tea industry in Guangxi Province.

  A Review on Coix Genetic Improvement in China Yang Wancang 2007, 23 (5):  188-188.  Abstract + ( 1374 )   PDF ( 115259KB )   ( 578 ) C. Lacryma-jobi L. is important healthy plant in the world which not only improve healthy level, but also will be important agriculture product after china join in WTO. C. Agrestis L. is wild species from coix with many extraordinary traits. Which can be the source of genes for the improvement of C. Lacryma-jobi L. by hybridizing with C. Lacryma-jobi L. to creat many of new recombinant variants .In this paper ,the coix research of germplasm,cytogenetics,physiological and biochemical tissue culture and genetic improvement in China was reviewed ,it also analyses the development tendency ,in order to solve the problem of lacking superior variety in coix production in China.

  Resistant inheritance and agronomic characters of bar- transgenic wheat Guo Ning,,Zhang Yujiang, Jiang Changjun 2007, 23 (5):  192-192.  Abstract + ( 1382 )   PDF ( 170436KB )   ( 771 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The hereditary behavior of bar gene in T1 and T2 generated by self-fertilization of bar-transgenic wheats-wanmai48 and ymai87158 was studied. Effects on agronomic traits of bar gene were also researched.【METHOD】The hereditary behavior of bar in T1 and T2 was analyzed by leaf-staining and PCR. Comparison of main agronomic traits such as yields，quality between transgenic plants and controls was performed.【RESULTS】Results indicated that bar gene was integrated into wheat genome of T1 and T2 ，and bar gene expressed stably. Separation of bar gene in T1 and T2 complied with Mendel's law. Agronomic traits of yields and quality have no notable differences between bar-transgenic wheat and controls.

  Effects of Cultural Factors on Seed Yield and Quality Characters of High-oil Soybean Yang Jiayin, Xu Haibin, Xu Haifeng 2007, 23 (5):  196-196.  Abstract + ( 1419 )   PDF ( 156907KB )   ( 633 ) The study is to provide scientific basis for high production and quality of high-oil soybean with certain cultural factors.The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of sowing stage and planting density on the seed yield and quality characteristics of high-oil soybean Huaidou 8.The results showed as follows: i The highest yield, 3103.75kg/hm2, in this experiment appeared in treatment with sowing stage at June 20 and with density of 30×104 plants per hectare. ii Sowing stage was more important for seed yield and quality than plant density. iii The pod-seeds per plant decreased as sowing stage delayed and as planting density increased.There was close relationship between l00-seed weight, seeds per pod and sowing stages, the l00-seed weight decreased when sowing stage after June 20.

  Major Problems and Measures of the Second Season Rice Mechanized Seedling Cultivate and Transplant in Fujian Province Zhang Lin, Wu Huacong, Zhang Shubiao, Li Qinghua 2007, 23 (5):  200-200.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   PDF ( 130654KB )   ( 544 ) At present, the major problems of second-season rice mechanized seedling cultivate and transplant is: The growth period of species which has been used was too long and the age of seedling exceeds the right moment. The out seedling was not tidy and the rate of out seedling was low. The high of seedling was over the proper degree. To select the species which have the proper growing period, irrigate at day and drain during night after sowing, reduce the use of fertilizer quantity, using Paclobutrazol to control the high of seedling can resolve above problems. Expansion of the technique of mechanized rice seedling transplant will be helpful to reduce the cost and increase output and income.

  The Research Progress on Evaluation Methods of Lodging Resistance in Crops Liu Tangxing,, Guan Chunyun, Lei Dongyang 2007, 23 (5):  203-203.  Abstract + ( 1589 )   PDF ( 112571KB )   ( 1545 ) Lodging in crops is defined as a permanent displacement of the clums from their upright position,People have carried out lots of research on which lodging influences yield and quality,and set up evaluation methods. The paper concluded evaluation methods of lodging resistance from chemical composition、microstructure、mechanics mechanism and QTLs mapping in crops.there were closely correlation of cellulose and lignin to lodging,and there were correlation between lodging and plant height,length of inter-nodles,the fresh weight of single stem,the area and density of vascular bundle,the numbers of vascular bundle in a field of microscope;some people have done many mechanical experiments about lodging.Finally,the paper discussed the direction of evaluation methods of lodging resistance.

  Research on Utilizing Rate of Moisture of White Wheat’s Film-furrow Cultivation in Dryland Li Zhijun 2007, 23 (5):  207-207.  Abstract + ( 1379 )   PDF ( 144654KB )   ( 669 ) Aimed at the situation of limited rainfall and misproportion of season distribution in Longdong dryland, especially with the problem of drought during winter wheat’s growing, from improving its growth environment, cultivation condition and utilizing rate of rainfall, the experiment was conducted to evaluate utilizing rate of rainfall of winter wheat’s furrow-film cultivation which was organically combined furrow catchment with plastic mulching. The research showed that adopting film-furrow cultivation style may overcame any malpractice of low utilizing rate of natural rainfall etc. It increased 13.7 kg/ (hm2·mm) in utilizing rate of moisture, increased 766g/ m2 in white wheat’s calculative dry substance during returning green to maturity , increased 23.86% in its yield than regular cultivation style of open field. It is the best cultivation style that effectively utilizes natural rainfall and realizes high and stable yield of white wheat in Longdong dryland.

  植物生理科学

  A Preliminary Study on the Photosynthetic Performance of Super High Yielding Winter Wheat during Pre-winter Period Zhang Xinwen, Li Ruiqi, Sun Yahui, Dang Hongkai, Li Yanming 2007, 23 (5):  210-210.  Abstract + ( 1402 )   PDF ( 342972KB )   ( 518 ) In order to make clear the dynamics of photosynthetic performance of winter wheat during pre-winter period and the factors affecting photosynthesis, a determination was conducted using a photosynthesis measuring system in the fields of winter wheat with grain yield about 9t/hm2 for four varieties. The main results showed that, the dynamics of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (TR) and stomatal conductivity (gs) of the leaf blades at different positions on the main stem for all varieties were similar. All the photosynthetic parameters above reached the maximum values at the beginning of determination or a little later, then decreased gradually. A sharp decrease leading to the lowest value of the parameters occurred owing to the first dramatic decrease of temperature. Recovery of the parameters occurred thereafter, but the Pn of leaves at higher position recovered more prominent than those of lower leaves, while the TR and gs of lower leaves recovered better. The dynamic tendency of Pn, TR, gs and the relevant ecological factors and correlation analysis showed that, Pn and gs of leaves during pre-winter period were affected by both temperature and PAR, but TR was cotrolled by temperature only. The synthetic performance of photosynthesis of the 3rd leaf was the best, then the 1st, 2nd and 4th in order, and the difference among these leaves mainly came from the difference of their leaf area.

  Effects of Different Fertilizer Application on Enzyme Activities of Rhizospheric Soil and Root Vigors in Houttuynia cordata Thunb Sun Xiaoxia,,, Lin Haosen, Lin Ruiyu,,, Peng Chunhua, Zhang Zhongyi, Ke Yuqin, Liang Kangjing, Lin Wenxiong,, 2007, 23 (5):  216-216.  Abstract + ( 1511 )   PDF ( 225135KB )   ( 590 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To investigate the effect of diffrent fertilizers on the characteristics of carbon and nitrogen metabolization in Houttuynia cordata Thunb;【METHOD】A single factor randomized block design was employed to investigate net photosynthesis rate, the nitrate reductase activities, contents of Chla, Chlb，total chlorophyll and crude proteins in leaves of Houttuynia cordata.【RESULTS】The highest content of total chlorophyll was found in the treatment by 36000kg/hm2 human mature with a value of 2.552 mg/gFW. The highest net photosynthesis rate was found in all the treatments by mid-level fertilizers described above. The highest net photosynthesis rate was detected in the treatment by 36000kg/hm2 duck mature, with a value of 8.306μmol/(m2·s). Furthermore, the activities of nitrate reductase in leaves of Houttuynia cordata were in the order of mature of duck> mature of pig > conventional fertilizer >chemical fertilizer > mature of human from stronger to weaker. The nitrate reductase activities were the highest in the treatment by mature of pig at middle levels of fertilizer application with a value of 46.2μg NO2-/(h·g)FW. While the content of crude protein was the highest in the treatment by more higher level of chemical fertilizer(13.31%). 【CONCLUSION】The application of organic fertilizers could increas the contents of chlorophyll and net photosynthesis rate of Houttuynia cordata Thunb, and this was benefiacal to the accumulation of carbonhydrates in the plants. The application of mature of man might not profit the activities of nitrate reductase and the accumulation of protein.

  Effects of applying GA on flue-cured tobacco growth of leaf and inner quality in droughty region Shi Jinzhong, Zhao Dongfang, Li Haoliang, Shang Xianchao, Song Pengfei, Liu Shiliang, Han Fugen 2007, 23 (5):  221-221.  Abstract + ( 1716 )   PDF ( 234479KB )   ( 620 ) The paper studied the effect of spraying GA in different concentrations and different growth stages on the tobacco leaf growth and tobacco quality in the west droughty region of Henan Province by field examination. The results showed that: spraying GA with appropriate concentration on topping stage could enlarge flue-cured tobacco leaf area of upper and total leaves, especially the treatment of spraying GA with 20mg/kg could optimize the factors of yield composition, and lower the thickness of upper tobacco leaves，nicotine and free nicotine content. Thus, the quality of tobacco leaf and usability of upper tobacco leaf are improved. Meanwhile, it could stabilize nitrite content and harmonize chemical constituents of middle and upper tobacco leaf.

  The Effect of Selenium on Protection-Enzyme Activity and Photosynthesis Speed of Lettuce Du Huiling, Feng Liangrui, Niu Zhifeng, Guo Pingyi, Wang Yuexin 2007, 23 (5):  226-226.  Abstract + ( 1677 )   PDF ( 189656KB )   ( 733 ) The effect of spraying different concentration of Se on lettuce’s SOD, POD, MDA and net photosynthesis speed on the pot experiment was studied in the paper. It shows that low concentration of Se can activate SOD, POD and improve the net photosynthesis speed. But high concentration of Se will have opposite effect. MDA tends to increase in accordance with the concentration of Se.

  Study on the Photosynthetic Characteristics in Flag Leaf of Bar-transgenic Wheat and Their Hybrids Wei Xiaofei, Cai Yongping, Chang Yan 2007, 23 (5):  230-230.  Abstract + ( 1534 )   PDF ( 251816KB )   ( 586 ) Bar-transgenic wheat, Nong4- Bar gene transferred into D genome with the herbicide-resistant function, can be chosen as the parents to breed the varieties which can resist herbicide by the traditional way. In the process to insert Bar Gene, the effects on physiological and biochemical characteristics occurred because of the location of Bar Gene, which was studied at present time. But the effects on photosynthetic characteristics and yield trends are still under research. In this paper, different effects on trends of yield were found at first. And the photosynthetic characteristics were determined accordingly, which on the other hand showed the different effects on the photosynthetic characteristics of Bar-transgenic wheat and their hybrids. The results were as follows: Between Bar-transgenic wheat Nong4 and its hybrids, F1Nong4×Wanmai48 had the better photosynthetic characteristics and trends of yield than that of F1Wanmai48×Nong4. And mid-parent heterosis rate of F1Nong4×Wanmai48 was higher than that of F1Wanmai48×Nong4. For example ears of wheat, kenel weight super close advantage rate attain 5.17% and 4.41% respectively. So, according to the revelation, when the anti-herbicide hybrids were bred, Nong4-Bar gene into D genome was a better choice as father plant and high yield wheat was chosen as mother.

  The Effects of Saline-alkali Stress on Photosynthetic Charateristics in Oats Wang Bo, Zhang Jincai, Song Fengbin, Zhao Min, Han Xiying 2007, 23 (5):  235-235.  Abstract + ( 1474 )   PDF ( 174050KB )   ( 791 ) Photosynthetic characteristics in oats leaves were measured under Saline-alkali stress in use of the simulated photosynthetic radiation (SPR). The results showed that photosynthetic rate (Pn) increased under slight saline-alkali stress, and with the increase of salt concentration, photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased. The inter-cellular CO2 concentrations (Ci) and the transpiration rate (Tr) decreased with the increase of salt concentration. Water use efficiency (WUE) under serious saline-alkali stress increased.

  Studies on the Differences of Relative Biological Index and Relative Physiologic Characteristics in Different Phosphorus Efficiency Maize Genotypes Chen JunYi, Cai YiLin, Lv XueGao 2007, 23 (5):  239-239.  Abstract + ( 1405 )   PDF ( 158337KB )   ( 509 ) Under low and high P application, 4 Maize genotypes were selected to study the difference of relative biological index and relative physiologic characteristics. The main results were summarized as follows : the relative biology index , relative root system secretions index and relative active oxygen eliminated enzymes (SOD、CAT) activity were higher in P-efficiency genotypes than P-inefficiency ones, but relative MDA was lower than P-inefficiency ones. It showed that ability of P-deficiency tolerance, P-absorbed, active oxygen eliminated and self-renovated of P-efficiency genotypes was higher than that of P-inefficiency ones.

  土壤肥料科学

  Effects of Potassium Fertilizer in Winter Wheat -Summer Maize Rotated in Sandy Soil Yang Sufen, Su Ju, Wang Yilun, Han Yanlai, Tan Jinfang 2007, 23 (5):  243-243.  Abstract + ( 1577 )   PDF ( 141596KB )   ( 495 ) In this paper, the effect of potassium fertilizer was studied about winter wheat and summer maize rotated in sandy Chao soil field. The results showed that with increasing of the applied of potassium fertilizer, the yield of winter wheat became higher. The efficiency is the best when the amount of applying potassium fertilizer is 150kg/hm2 and the ratio of basic to dressing is 5: 5. It can increase the yield 822.7 kg/hm2, or increase the money 724.1 yuan/hm2, the ratio of import to export is 2.42. In the maize yield, the optimal rate of potassium fertilizer is 150kg/hm2 and the optional ratio of basic to dressing is 5:5 at which the highest ratio of import to export is 2.52, and it can improve the yield 1368.4kg/hm2, or the money 1281.7 yuan/hm2. In the system of winter wheat and summer maize rotation, when the optimal rate of potassium fertilizer is 150kg/hm2 and the optional ratio of basic to dressing is 5:5, the potassium fertilizer should be applied respectively in wheat and maize. When the optimal rate of potassium fertilizer is 3000kg/hm2 and the optional ratio of basic to dressing is 5:5, the potassium fertilizer should just be applied respectively in wheat.

  Research of Precision Application Techniques of Fertilizers on Leek Feng Wuhuan, Sun Shengxue, Yu Shifeng, Zhang Wenxue, Zhu Yongli, Sun Hongbo, Feng Yuanbo 2007, 23 (5):  246-246.  Abstract + ( 2217 )   PDF ( 124970KB )   ( 561 ) The varieties and best dosage of N fertilizer and appropriate ratio of N, P and K were studied on leek in this paper. The results showed that the varieties of N fertilizer fitting to apply to leek were (NH4)2SO4 and Urea, but the effects of NH4HCO3, NH4NO3 and NH4Cl were weak on yields increasing. On the calcareous soil in middle fertility, the appropriate dosages of N, P and K fertilizers applying to leek planted in the field are 450-530kg N/hm2, 378kg P2O5/hm2 and 440kg K2O/hm2, the appropriate ratios of N, P and K fertilizers applying are 1:0.77:0.90.

  Sulphur in Soil and Its Transformations Wang Fan, Zhu Yunji, Lu Ling 2007, 23 (5):  249-249.  Abstract + ( 1384 )   PDF ( 251013KB )   ( 741 ) Sulphur and its transformation in soil were summarized in this paper. The fractions, transformation and bio-availability of soil organic and inorganic sulfur form four respects of the state of sulfur, cycling, transformations, and function of soil microbial in soil were reviewed. Based on above study, several own opinions about it are brought forward, as well as references for the further study are put forward.

  The Influence of Different Minerals on N-absorbing and Growth of Rice Wang Yufeng 2007, 23 (5):  254-254.  Abstract + ( 1155 )   PDF ( 215004KB )   ( 560 ) Use Mica, sulphur, gypsum, brown coal etc. as assist material, to test the influence on N-absorbing and growth of rice. The effects of sulphur and gypsum are better, especially gypsum, the total N-absorbing is 3068.36mg/pot, higher 10.6% than that of topdressing; Compared with dressing, Nitrogen utilizations of sulphur and gypsum are more than 2.2%. and 9.8%, yields are more than 2.6%.and 13.5%, respectively, and improve the quality.

  The Effects on Releasing Potassium and Phosphors by Silicate-Bacteria under Different Contents of Potassium and Phosphors Li Yumei, Wang Genlin, Sun Bin, Yu Hongjiu, Ma Fengming 2007, 23 (5):  258-258.  Abstract + ( 1492 )   PDF ( 104010KB )   ( 750 ) Although the total content of Zinc in the soil is higher, the chief is in residual state which can not be absorbed by the plants especially in north-east China. So it is important to improve the availability of Zinc in the soil, decrease the fertilization and amend the environment. The capacity of resolving potassium feldspar and ground phosphoresce affected by Silicate-dissolving bacteria was studied when different contents of potassium and phosphors in soil culture and fluid culture were added. The results indicated that: in soil culture, the availability potassium was improved to the tiptop as 0.2% potassium feldspar added, and the biological potassium-releasing rate was 38.7%. In liquid culture, the available phosphors reached to the top when the content of acid phosphate was 0.2%, and the biological phosphors-resolving rate was 32%. With the improving of potassium and phosphoresce, the tendency of biological resolving was lower.

  Study on Effect of Cauliflower Economic Yield and Quality Balanced Fertilization with NPK Huang Meiqing 2007, 23 (5):  261-261.  Abstract + ( 1510 )   PDF ( 275155KB )   ( 709 ) The effect functions of NPK application on economical yield, fertilization benefit and N ratio of split application at different growing periods of cauliflower(Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) were studied by the field experiments with 311-A best regression design of supposed saturation and {3, 2} saturated design of single shape check. The results showed that the best NPK application of cauliflower with maximum economical yield of 54.877t/hm2 was N249.28, P2O554.33 and K2O 238.83kg/hm2, the best NPK application with the best fertilization benefit of 63784.89 yuan/hm2 and higher economical yield of 54.853t/hm2 was N243.52, P2O552.22 and K2O 234.09kg/hm2, and betterratio of N split application as basal dressing, former and latter topdressing for higher expecting economical yield of 55.313t/hm2 was 0.3135:0.4500:0.2365, and the N rates were 76.49, 109.80 and 57.71kg/hm2, respectively. Under equal fertilizer, there was the negative correlation between vitamin C, reducing sugar and total sugar content of cauliflower and N application on certain level, with PK application the positive correlation; And the nitrate content with N application the positive barrier that submits certain level , with PK application the negative correlation of considerable level. In PK application the condition with identical quantity take off, N application the later or latterdressing the bigger, vitamin C, reducing sugar and total sugar content of cauliflower are the more lower, but the nitrate content is higher.

  园艺园林科学

  The Isolation of Specific RAPD Marker Related to Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Line of Chinese Cabbage(Brassica campestris ssp.Pekinensis) Lin Yizhang, Feng Donglin, Chen wenhui, Lin Biying 2007, 23 (5):  267-267.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   PDF ( 601155KB )   ( 506 ) According to the isogenic line analysis theory, RAPD analysis was undertaken in the cytoplasm male sterile(CMS) line CMS-2 and its maintainer line B-2 in Chinese cabbage. And get two special amplified fragment of S391-700bp and S425-600bp Separate in sterile line and its maintainer line.The results showed there is a open reading frame in S391-700bp and the identities is high between S391-700bp and chloroplast serine acetyltransferase gene；And the S425-600bp is a new DNA fragment.

  The Effects of the Changes of Environment on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Bloom ahead of The Spring Festival Peaonia suffruticosa Andr in Solar Greenhouse Tian Geilin, Zhang Guirong 2007, 23 (5):  271-271.  Abstract + ( 1429 )   PDF ( 709346KB )   ( 585 ) Photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves of the bloom ahead of The Spring Festival tree peony were studied comparatively with the CIRAS-1 photosynthetic instrument in solar greenhouse. The result showed that the photosynthetic rate、stomatal conductance and rising rate of leaves of depending on natural low temperature to completely relieves dormancy(Tree Peony ‘Rou Fu-rong’A and Tree Peony ‘Yin Hong-qiaodui’A)and were higher than these of traditional depend on drying root system and natural low temperature to relieves dormancy(Tree Peony ‘Rou Fu-rong’A and Tree Peony ‘Yin Hong-qiaodui’A). Between environmental CO2 concentration and photosynthetic available radiation, environmental CO2 concentration has the relative higher The grey correlation degree on factors that influence changes of photosynthetic rate in solar greenhouse.

  Effects of Maize Straw on Growth and Development of Coprinus comatus Ma Yanhong, Liu Jiabin, Guo Zhi, Zhang Fuyuan 2007, 23 (5):  275-275.  Abstract + ( 1316 )   PDF ( 339828KB )   ( 494 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 The objective of the paper is to study the effects of maize straw on growth and development of Coprinus comatusr.【METHOD】 Using analytical technic of single factor test statistics, the effects of maize straw on mycelial growth and fruitbodys yield of Coprinus comatusr were analyzed. 【RESULTS】 The effects of maize straw on full spawn runtime , harvesting time, form of the fruitbody and yield of Coprinus comatus had significant difference. The cultivated properties and biological efficiency of treatment by adding 35% maize straw was higher than others. 【CONCLUSION】 It is feasible to cultivate Coprinus comatusr by adding limited content of rotten leaf soil to the maize straw media.

  Research on Implantation Technology of Rosemary Zhong Yanli, Bai Zhichuan 2007, 23 (5):  285-285.  Abstract + ( 1389 )   PDF ( 292558KB )   ( 646 ) Rosemary belongs to the labiatae and belongs to years-living family of the short shrub type or years-living fragrant family plant of the crawl type. The seed development of Rosemary is bad, its seed germination dint is very low, so the vegetative propagation method is usually adopted to breed the seedling. In order to decline the costs and economize fund in the course of production, cutting is mainly adopted to nursery stock production in present stage. In recent years, although there are many research thesis and versions of essential oil and antioxidant to Rosemary at home and abroad, there is little report on the seedling raising techniques especially no report on the research of the relationship between the fertilization level and output in planting. In order to raise output value of the unit area , heighten the raise seeding efficiency to decline the cost, increase farmers’ earning, which can be worked through the method of test record, observing, field management, the output survey, the research on this subject that the seedling raising techniques is so rich in significance for this field. The stroma containing peat soil and perlite (2:1) for cutting experiment is the vegetable garden stroma seedbed, by which is packed the scraped paper cup. The twig and the hard tress are cut in the soil respectively. The results of the experiment indicate that the survival rate is high on spring;but the period of living is short. Seedling after cutting grows strong; the cost for cutting in the vegetable garden soil is less; The surviving rate of seedling after transplantation through various methods of cutting above is over 95% on average, having no obvious distinction. Therefore, the common characteristic of the three methods of cutting that survival rate is high. However, What method is taken, which depends on costs, technology and existing production materials.

  Correlation and Path Analysis of the Agronomic Traits of Eggplant Zhang Jining 2007, 23 (5):  290-290.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   PDF ( 378508KB )   ( 566 ) The correlation and path analysis of 11 characters were studied with 12 cultivars of eggplant . The correlation coefficient between yield and the number of fruits was very significant,r8y=0.8027. The correlation coefficient between yield and the yield of earlier stage was significant,r9y=0.6376. The results on path analysis showed that the yield was affected mostly by two agronomic traits, the nuumber of fruits and average fruit mass. The yield was affected largely by the yield of earlier stage through average friut mass .Therefore, these three characters could be taken as selection characters for high yield.

  植物保护科学

  Isolation and Systemic Development Analysis of a Strain of Ustilago scitaminea Lin Jianwei, Que Youxiong, Chen Tiansheng, Xu Liping, Zhang Muqing, Chen Rukai 2007, 23 (5):  293-293.  Abstract + ( 1465 )   PDF ( 2452834KB )   ( 586 ) Sugarcane smut caused by Ustilago scitaminea is a worldwide disease and causes serious damage to sugarcane. Research on the pathogen of sugarcane smut is aid to sugarcane breeding resistant to smut. With the conservative regions and variable regions in rDNA gene sequences, the analysis of rDNA sequences is very efficient in research of fungi systemic development, classification identification and molecular detection. The method of single spore isolation is occupied in this experiments. Single spore was isolated from smut whip in infected plant of smut high resistant sugarcane variety of NCo376, and then its mycelia were prepared and used for isolation of genomic DNA. The rDNA analysis of the fungus will increase understanding of it. The universal primers of ITS1 and ITS4 for fungi were used in amplification of genomic rDNA sequences. A target fragment was obtained by ITS-PCR. Then, the fragment is cloned into the vector of pMD18-T before sequencing. The result of sequencing showed that the fragment is 692 bp in length. The results of Blast in Genbank and the analysis of fungal rDNA systemic development show that the relation between this fragment to the fungi of Sporisorium is closest, while the relation between it to the fungi of Ustilago is much far. It suggests that the name of Ustilago scitaminea for sugarcane smut isn’t consistent to the result of rDNA systemic development analysis. It still needs more experiments to support this hypothesis.

  Simulation of Allelopathy in Maize Straw Returning on Root Disease of Wheat Zhang Chengyin,, Dai Li, Zhen Wenchao, 2007, 23 (5):  298-298.  Abstract + ( 1543 )   PDF ( 754939KB )   ( 819 ) Maize straw residue was decomposed under laboratory conditions, and filtered at different time. The decomposed liquid was tested for bioassay. It was found that the inhibitory effects of maize straw decomposed liquid on height of wheat seedling, dry weight of stem and leaf were strong when the concentration of decomposed liquid was high. All concentrations of decomposed liquid suppressed the germination of wheat seeds and dry weight of root. Root activity in TTC reduction of wheat became low when the concentration of decomposed liquid arranged from low to high. The maize straw decomposed liquid filtered at different time showed inhibition to the pathogens of Rhizoctonia cereali Vander Hoeven, Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) Arxer Oliver, Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem. to some degree.

  Dynamic and Integrated Control of Rice Stripe Disease in Tianjin Liu Shuifang, Yu Fuan, Go Hongyan, Wei Lijun, Zhang Jianmin, Sun Shuqin, Yang Xiurong 2007, 23 (5):  302-302.  Abstract + ( 1524 )   PDF ( 630971KB )   ( 571 ) The reasons of the increasing of Rice stripe disease and dynamic of small brown rice planthoppers in Tianjin from 2001 to 2006 were studied in the paper. The integrated control of Rice stripe disease was discussed in addition. The results showed that the reason of the increase of Rice stripe disease was the warm winter, the little quality of rain from spring to warm, increasing of the base number of small brown rice planthoppers, the increasing of propagation coefficient in spring, the going up of insect density year by year. The disease can controlled through using the resistant varieties, adjusting sowing dates and seedtime's and chemical control.

  S435.72 Wu Xingfu 2007, 23 (5):  306-306.  Abstract + ( 1244 )   PDF ( 90009KB )   ( 572 ) The Myzus persicae（Sulzer）is a major pest of Nicotina tobaccum L., presently it's control still depends on the use of insecticides. The Aphidius gifuensis(Aphidiidae) is one primarily parasitical natural enemy to Myzus persicae (Sulzer) , the research evolvements of Aphidius gifuensis were summarized on the parasitized aphidius, reproducing technology, restraining effect and on a large scale use Aphidius gifuensis to control populations of M. persicae ect,. And it was discussed that the primary technical factors restrict sweeping reproducing and using, it may offer reference to study the sweeping reproducing and using on Aphidius gifuensis.

  Research Advances in Relationship Between Tobacco Resistance and Protective Enzymes Activity Song Ruifang, Ding Yongle, Gong Changrong, Xu Guanghui, Han Xiaozhe 2007, 23 (5):  309-309.  Abstract + ( 1439 )   PDF ( 173706KB )   ( 818 ) Tobacco disease was a limit condition in tobacco production.The research of tobacco resistance and resistant breeding was efficient approach to solve the problem. Plant resistance is a complex process,some correlated enzymes, including superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), peroxidase(POD), ascorbate peroxidease(APX), phenylalanine ammonialyas (PAL), polyphenoloxidas(PPO) and so on, play a very important regulatable role, The correlations between aggravation of diseases and enzymes activity were significant. Owing to the conditions, such as man-made factor in the process of mensurating enzymes activity, there have been not a rule by now, which can describe the changs of enzymes activity can be used as indentificantion indes on tobacco disease exactly. In order to definitude the productive enzymes activity in the interaction between tobacco and pathogens, The changes of scavenging enzymes activity in tobacco after infection, and the enzymes activity related to secondary metabblism, and the correlations between these changes and tobacco resistance were reviewed. The research prospects in this area were also discussed.

  Investigation of Occurrence and Damage of Cabbage Wilt Disease in Yanqing County of Beijing Investigation of Occurrence and Damage of Cabbage Wilt Disease in Yanqing County of Beijing 2007, 23 (5):  315-315.  Abstract + ( 1565 )   PDF ( 866389KB )   ( 723 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To investigate the occurrence and damage of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata Linn.) wilt disease during 2002—2006 in the field located in Yanqing county of Beijing, in order to assist the follow-up research and control practice of the disease in near future. 【METHOD】The literatures tracing, the field investigation, and data analysis were used in this paper. 【RESULTS】The results showed that cabbage wilt disease developed with high speed in Yangqing cabbage production in the past five years. The disease areas were more than 13.3 hectare in two villages 2002, and expanded to 86.7 hectare in 25 villages 2006. It suggested the disease area increased 6.5 times. The yield losses were more that thirty percent and even without harvests. There is significant relationship between disease occurrence and damage with the field soil, climate and the cabbage resistance to disease. Up to now, there is not effective measure to control the disease. It is urgent to clarify the species of pathogen, the source of primarily infection and the way of disease transmission.【CONCLUSION】 For disease integrated management, it is the most important and the key point to detect cabbage seed health, to try fungicide seed treatment, as well as to screen chemicals for soil sterilization.

  Fermentation Conditions for Production of Antifungal substances by Bacillus sp. BJ-6 Ren Zhengguang, Zhang Zhiyong, Li Dan, Chen Ran, Wei Yanmin 2007, 23 (5):  321-321.  Abstract + ( 1429 )   PDF ( 971347KB )   ( 732 ) The strain BJ-6 of Bacillus sp. was isolated from the rhizosphere of apricot trees in Mentougou, Beijing, China, and showed strong antifungal activity to several species of plant pathogenic fungi. The fermentation medium and conditions for antifungal substances from the strain of BJ-6 were optimized by single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that optimum fermentation medium for antifungal substances formula was maltose 20g, peptone 100g, bran10 g,CaCO3 10g, Na2HPO3 2g ,KH2PO3 1g, and water 1000 ml. The favorable fermentation condition was determined：the age of inoculum10 h , inoculation amount 1%,fermentation temperature 30℃~35℃, rotate speed 210 r/min, fermentation time 60 h, and initial pH value of medium 9，.

  Diagnosis and identification on the fungal disease of bulb crops in Fujian Huang Zheng 2007, 23 (5):  326-326.  Abstract + ( 1393 )   PDF ( 1221233KB )   ( 646 ) The investigation and identification of the fungal diseases of bulb crops (Allium) were carried out with the general survey of agricultural pests in Fujian, China. The fungal diseases were Leek downy mildew (Peronospora schleidenii), Leek rust(Puccinia allii), Garlic gray mold and Chinese chives gray mold (Botrytis allii), Garlic green mold (Penicillium cyclopium), Leek purple blotch and Garlic leaf blight (Alternaria porri), Leek black mold and Garlic black spot (Stemphylium botryosum) .The symptom of diseases, the morphological character of pathogen and the measures of control and quarantine on the diseases were described in the paper.

  植物保护

  A Preliminary Study on Anti-TMV Activity of Polysaccharide from Coprinus comatus Wu Yanbing, Xie Liyan, Xie Lianhui, Lin Qiying, Lin Shifa 2007, 23 (5):  338-338.  Abstract + ( 1456 )   PDF ( 553012KB )   ( 594 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To explore bio-activity of polysaccharide from Coprinus comatus, antiviral activity of polysaccharide from Coprinus comatus on tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was investigated. It can provide theoretical evidence for purification. 【METHOD】Polysaccharide of fruiting body and polysaccharide of mycelium were isolated from Coprinus comatus, and their antiviral activity were researched. 【RESULTS】 Polysaccharide from Coprinus comatus had strong antiviral activity of preventing infection of virus, affected significantly multiplication of TMV and can reduce infection when applied before TMV inoculation. 【CONCLUSION】Polysaccharide from Coprinus comatus had strong antiviral activity.

  植物保护科学

  The Biological Characteristics and Control Measures of Peony Helicobasidium mompa Tanaka Pathogen Deng Caifu,, Shen Mingliang, Zhang Wenwei, Yi Sirong, 2007, 23 (5):  342-342.  Abstract + ( 1597 )   PDF ( 343994KB )   ( 560 ) The Helicobasidium mompa Tanaka is one of the most important plant pathogenic fungi that cause root disease in Peony. An approach of combining fixed observation with field investigation, and isolation, culture in laboratory was used to study the biological Characteristics of peony Helicobasidium mompa Tanaka. Control measures were provided by lab toxigenicity testing and field fungicide efficacy. Results showed that the disease was prevalent from the last ten-day period of March to the middle ten days of May, the most suitable pH of pathogenic was almost 5.8 and temperature ranged from 25~26℃. Toxigenicity testing proved that bacteriostatic rate was 93.7% with 70% Thiophanate-methyl and 91.4%with 45% Amobam. The best control effects was 1000ml 70% Thiophanate-methyl with 1000 dilute rate per plant, and 1000ml 45% Amobam with 1000 dilute rate per plant.

  The Screening Virulent Strain of Beauveria bassiana to Laphygma exigua Hubner Wang Yunbin, Dong Jianzhen, Song Rumei, LI Ruijun, Lijing, Lu Xiujun 2007, 23 (5):  346-346.  Abstract + ( 1605 )   PDF ( 351288KB )   ( 506 ) Different biological and ecological characteristics, virulence, sporulation, conidia bourgeon, Protea-Bse activity leve and colony growth of 6 strains of Beauveria bassiana were measured respectively. The results were calculated by grey relational analysis and the optimum sequence was built from the professional comparison of each strain's characteristics. Two strain's have a potential of appling in mass production, BD-B015 and BD-B038 were abtained. The revisory mortality to Laphygma exigua Hubner were 88.33% and 86.70%.The infected rate were 86.67% and 85.27%.

  Comparative Study on the Egg’s Morphological Characters of Lepidoptera Chen Alan, Huan Xiujuan 2007, 23 (5):  349-349.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   PDF ( 761904KB )   ( 554 ) The egg shells of Lepidoptera moths, Phragmatobia fuliginosa Linnaeus, Pelurga comitata Linnaeus, Callambulyx tatarinovi Bremer et Grey, Stilpnotia salicis Linnaeus, Herculia glaucinalis Linnaeus, Loxostege verticalis Linnaeus, Plusia crassisigna Warren, Agroperina lateritia Hufnage were studied by microscope in the paper. The results of morphological characters show that the number of micropyles, the shape, the number and the arrangment of coronas of micropylar region, the size and the arrangment of spiracles etc have remarkable difference. The results revealed that the morphological characters of the egg shells could be used as an criterion for the identification.

  生态农业科学

  Study on Follow-up Industrial Development after Conversion of Cropland to Forestland in North-west of China Jing Kun 2007, 23 (5):  353-353.  Abstract + ( 1301 )   PDF ( 109980KB )   ( 534 ) With the development of the grain for green project in north-west of china,the ecological environment have been effectively changed for better. Now,the new question which the farmers must be faced is how to improve the economic income. In order to solve the long-time development problem, The follow-up industry of post-grain for green project has to be develop. The article is studying about the current situation of the follow-up industrial development after conversion of cropland to forestland in north-west. It indicates the question of the slowly in follow-up industrial development and the question of people who are short of to the project. So, it should expound the advantage of the resource of north-west and depend on the knowledge to develop the ecological agriculture and ecological tour, extending the industrial chain to improve the income of farmer.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Yuan Tianfeng1, 3, Qiu Daochi1, Xie Deti1, Hu Yuqing2, Wei Chaofu1 Yuan Tianfeng, , Qiu Daochi, Xie Deti, Hu Yuqing, Wei Chaofu 2007, 23 (5):  357-357.  Abstract + ( 1650 )   PDF ( 1446512KB )   ( 952 ) With the aid of MapGIS capability in obtaining, analyzing and managing space data, based on the methodology of Agricultural Land Classification applied and ameliorated, Cultivated Land Quality Evaluation Model of Chongqing was built up, which included Physical Quality Grade Index model and Use Grade Index model. The object evaluation was the Cultivated Land updated to end of 2003 in 39 boroughs or counties of Chongqing, which total acreage was 2347627.48 hm2, including 142319 evaluation units obtained based on 1: 50000 land use maps of every boroughs or counties. Evaluation Model realized control of evaluation quality from mechanism by differential function module, so as to reach comparability among factor districts or among standard farming systems. (1) To addition of Photo-Thermal Productivity Index, converting standard yield coefficient was determined based on energy value, and harmonizing Photo-Thermal Productivity coefficient was introduced. (2) To Physical Quality Cent Model, factor-grading-value of cultivated land quality evaluation among factor districts was unified, but otherness of factors’ weight was kept among factor districts, which embodied the unification of commonness and individuality among districts. In order to checkout the rationality of the methodology, statistical average crop yield of per unit of seed-acreage of boroughs or counties in Chongqing from 2004 to 2005, was adopted to checkout average Physical Quality Grade and Use Grade. Result shows, linear correlative coefficients are respectively 83% and 87%, that is, both correlativity marked and correlativity of Use Grade are appreciably higher than that of Physical Quality Grade. Conclusion is drawn: the Evaluation Model effectively realizes the comparability of cultivated land quality evaluation among inner regions in Chongqing.

  Study on the Dynamic Changes of Heavy Metals Contents under Different Soil Types of Winter Wheat Ji Xingjie, Xiong Shuping, Liu Yuandong, Ma Xinming, He Jianguo, Liu Musen, Zhang Juanjuan 2007, 23 (5):  364-364.  Abstract + ( 1721 )   PDF ( 547647KB )   ( 683 ) In order to assure safety and high quality wheat production and study the effects of heavy metals on different soil types and qualities, the dynamic changes of As, Pb, Hg, Cr and Cd contents were determined in different periods (before sowing, elongation and after harvesting) in field according to different soil types and qualities. The results showed that the average contents determined in soils didn’t exceed the criterion of National Standards, the highest contents of heavy metals in soil were gotten during elongation stage, and the effects of elongation stage and after harvesting sample stages on the contents of heavy metals reached the significance level compared with before sowing except Hg. The effects of different soil qualities on the contents of heavy metals didn’t reach. The demonstration area in Hebi city was suitable for safety and high quality wheat production. The monitoring on the contents of soil heavy metals should be paid more attentions in elongation stage of wheat.

  Creation and Utilization of High Oil Germplasm Resource Yuan Ming 2007, 23 (5):  368-368.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   PDF ( 372233KB )   ( 514 ) Creation and utilization of high oil soybean germplasm resources is benefit for accelerating breeding progress, shortening years, increasing peasants’ income and promoting oil corporation revenue. Using the genetic effect of recombination, accumulating, complement and mutation, the cross or multiple cross between high oil soybean that had been selected and appraised and fine varieties introduced from domestic and foreign were carried out, then the quality of F6 was analyzed. The new variety that contented oil more than 22.5% was identified and generalized. It improves the genetic composition and broad soybean blood relationship. And it is also important for breeding high oil soybean.

  Effects of Carbon Dioxide on the Growth and Cu Accumulation of Indian Mustard Growing on Copper Contaminated Soil Xi Lei, Wang Yongfen, Tang Shirong 2007, 23 (5):  381-381.  Abstract + ( 1417 )   PDF ( 1027412KB )   ( 633 ) 【OBJECTIVE】In order to learn the effects of carbon dioxide on the growth and Cu accumulation of Indian Mustard growing on copper contaminated Soil. 【METHOD】Indian mustard grew on soil containing different Cu concentrations in greenhouse were conducted in the present thesis. Two levels of CO2 treatments were used in homemade close CO2 chambers. 【RESULTS】After short-term and large numbers of experiments, it was found that enriching CO2 promoted growth and development of plants. Without the addition of Cu, the Indian mustard at the CO2 concentration of 1200μL/L and 800μL/L came into blossom ahead of the control for 3d and 2d, respectively. The heights of plants with and without CO2 enrichment were different markedly. The maximum areas, the numbers and the dry weights of the plant leaves with CO2 enrichment were increased than the control. The leaf numbers of plants under CO2 concentration of 1200μL/L had very significant difference with the control. The leaf areas and the root weights had significant difference and the dry weights of shoots increased prominently. With CO2 enrichment, significant increases in Cu accumulation were occurred in Indian mustard and Cu concentrations of the roots were higher than the control. Furthermore, there was very significant difference between Cu concentrations at two CO2 concentration levels, but it is not a linear relation between the concentrations of CO2 fertilization and the accumulation of Cu in the plant. Under CO2 concentration of 800μL/L and Cu concentration of 100mg/kg, the mean concentration in stems and leaves of Cu reached the maximum of 13696mgCu/Kg dry weight in stems and 4589mg Cu/kg dry weight in leaves, respectively. Meanwhile, the copper leaf/root ratio significantly increased with CO2 fertilization. The results showed that carbon dioxide fertilization was propitious to the transportation of Cu from roots to stems. 【CONCLUSION】CO2 fertilization can promote the growth of Indian mustard and increase the accumulations of Cu in the plants. Meanwhile, the copper leaf/root ratio significantly increased with CO2 fertilization.

  环境科学

  Requirement and Distribution of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Water Hyacinth Zhang Qiufang, Liu Bo, Guan Xuefang, Ge Cibin 2007, 23 (5):  387-387.  Abstract + ( 1702 )   PDF ( 1675309KB )   ( 673 ) The content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the different parts of water hyacinth was tested, and some other economic crops were compared with it in the paper. The results were as follows. The water content of every part tissue in water hyacinth were all higher than 90%, and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus were different in according to parts and growing stages, and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in younger leaves were higher than that of the old. It was also found that the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity of water hyacinth was higher than that of some economic crops in generally.

  热带农业科学或农业资源与环境科学

  Resource investigation and observation of biological characteristics of Bergenia purpurascens (Hook. f. et Thoms.) Engl. Zhou Guo-Yan，Li Wen-chun，Gou Feng-gen 2007, 23 (5):  390-390.  Abstract + ( 1681 )   PDF ( 602687KB )   ( 549 ) The biological characteristic observation results of 5 populations of Bergenia purpurascens(Hook. f. et Thoms.) Engl. in Yunnan province indicated that there are two kinds of flowers, namely pink flower and purple-red flower. Some traits such as the blossom size, the blade size, the blade's form, petiole length, leaf sheath breadth, the distance between the top of leaf sheath and blade, etc. varied significantly among different populations of B. purpurascens in Yunnan Province. It implied that B. purpurascens in Yunnan province existed abundant genetic diversity. This result is accordant with the unique tridimensional climate in Yunnan province.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Comprehensive Evaluation of 8 Newly Introduced Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties Zhao Lihong 2007, 23 (5):  393-393.  Abstract + ( 1410 )   PDF ( 725966KB )   ( 617 ) 8 flue-cured tobacco varieties compare test were carried out in the field after quarantine, and the varieties were introduced from Brazil and American. The comparison variety is K326. The results showed that the new flue-cured tobacco varieties of bud were the same as K326 except OX414 later. OX414 belong no flowing variety. All new varieties are free to blank shank and tobacco root nematode, and light infected Brown spot and TMV. OX414 has the highest yield, the next is NC72 “Primed”, the third is NC71. K326 has the highest Hectare production value, OX414 is the next, NC72 “Primed” is the third, and there was no remarkable difference between these new varieties. K326, NC100, NC72 “Primed” have the higher qualities and grade index. On the whole, K326, OX414, NC100, NC72 “Primed” are very good at yield, qualities, Hectare production value, grade index. But all of the economic index of Com and RGH61 are low.

  植物保护科学

  Analysis on Limiting Factors of Co-management Model in Chinese Nature Reserves Zhang Xiaoni, Wang Zhongxian, Li Xue 2007, 23 (5):  396-396.  Abstract + ( 1732 )   PDF ( 113492KB )   ( 636 ) Through implementation of co-management of nature reserve and local community, conflicts between nature reserve and community were alleviated , and the development of economy of community as well as biodiversity were promoted. However, because of management objectives conflicts, restriction of laws and rules, management system problems, investment shortage, lack of incentive measures, the sustainability and extent of co-management were confined. Through establishing efficient co-management system, incentive mechanism, ecological education, etc., the sustainable development of nature reserve and local community could be promoted.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Screening of Excess Mn Accumulation Plant in Soil Seed Bank Yu Jihong, Deng Sulan, Zhang Daigui, Shi Jinxiao 2007, 23 (5):  400-400.  Abstract + ( 1401 )   PDF ( 960771KB )   ( 590 ) The screening of hyperaccumulator is one of important problem that the plant repair technology should solve. The soil seed bank was taken as the screening source, the atomic absorption spectrophotometric method was used to determine the Mn content of plants that grow on the Mn gangue soil. The result indicated that there are 13 kinds of plants that can grow on the gangue soil which is rich in the heavy metal of Mn gangue. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop., Opliamenus undulatifolius (Ard.) Beauv. have the resistance to Mn; Cardamine flexuosa With.can accumulate the excess heavy metal of Mn. The Cinnamomun camphora seed can sprout and grow well, P. ternata (Thunb.) Breit transportation coefficient is the highest, which have the prospect of reuse heavy metal Mn.

  国家自然基金项目“食用果蔗种质资源的遗传

  Cluster Analysis of Isozymes in Roots and Leaves at Different Growing Periods of Chewing Cane Zhou Yifei, Gao Yi, Pan Daren, Chen Guanshui, Zhang Xuzhang 2007, 23 (5):  409-409.  Abstract + ( 1231 )   PDF ( 1499055KB )   ( 499 ) To investigate the change characteristics of peroxidase and esterase isozyme, POD and EST isozymes in leaves and roots during different growth stages of eight chewing cane varities were studied by plumb plate of polyarclamide gel electrophoresis. The cluster analysis showed that: (1) the zymogram patterns genetic similarity coefficient in different varieties exist difference, especially in between Badila and local varieties.(2) Dendrograms of POD and EST zymogram patterns of roots and leaves in different growth stages exist difference. (3) the significantly correlations were observed in the zymogram patterns of leaves during different periods. The result showed leaf is a active spot of expression of POD and EST, and could be used as a more stable and suitable sampling sites.

  热带农业科学

  The Present Situation, Restriction Factors and Development Strategies of Fruit Cane’s Production in Guizhou Province Yi Daiyong, Zhou Zhengbang, Li Xiangyong, Wang Daigu, Zhu Wenhua 2007, 23 (5):  416-416.  Abstract + ( 1316 )   PDF ( 138077KB )   ( 498 ) Aiming at the problem of Helping the poor and storm fortifications in each thermal region of Gui Zhou Province, taking people’s typical and successful case of catching the opportunity to develop fruit cane so that they have got rid of poverty and been rich by now in the thermal region of ZhenFeng as an example, this article analyses the productive potential and the market prospect of fruit cane and suggests that the production of fruit cane must be the most reliable industry to increase local people’s income. To enhance the quality and expand the area of fruit cane’s planting will play an active role both in totally getting rid of poverty and in helping its economic development of Gui Zhou Province. In addition, this article analyzes some restriction factors of fruit cane’s production in Gui Zhou Province at present. Accordingly, this article proposes the development strategies of fruit industry in future, namely, only under the condition of positively carrying out the three kinds of help and support in “policy, scientific technology, and funds”, and of promoting production and development of sale in each thermal region of Gui Zhou Province, then each thermal regional economic can realize its overall growth and the local people can really realize the objective of entirely getting rid of poverty and gradually becoming rich, too.

  Effects of applying green food specific organic fertilizer on yield and quality of banana Xu Peizhi, Chen Jiansheng, Li Hongbo, Zhang Fabao, Tang Shuanhu, Huang Xu 2007, 23 (5):  421-421.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   PDF ( 402626KB )   ( 609 ) Field experiments involving in different combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers were conducted to investigate the effects of applying a green food specific organic fertilizer (GFOF) on banana. Results showed that application of GFOF significantly promote growth and development of banana. Under the same rates of NPK, a combination of GFOF at rate of 22500kg/hm2 with a mixed fertilizer at rate of 1860 kg/hm2, in which 50% NPK were from organic form and the other 50% from inorganic form, obviously accelerated growth and development of banana, increased fruit yield, and benefited the improvement of nutrition value and storage of banana fruits. In practice of agriculture at present, it should be encouraged that a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers for green food production.

  Allelopathy of Eupatorium catarium Veldkamp to several weeds common in south China cropping system Li Guangyi,, Chen Zhenrong, Deng Xiao,, Yu Long,, Li Qinfen 2007, 23 (5):  425-425.  Abstract + ( 1909 )   PDF ( 340268KB )   ( 682 ) Eupatorium catarium Veldkamp, an agressive plant, has spread througout the agroecosytem and wilderness in Hainan and Guangdong province in the last decade and has become a serious problem in many parts of this area. Preliminary research on the Allelopathy of this species found that the aquous extract has strong inhibition to the seed germination and seedling elongation of cabbage and radish. In present study the allelopathy of this species to five conmon weeds (E. odoratum L., Mimosa pudica L., Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv, Bidens pilosa L. and Abutilon theophrasti Medic) in south China was investigated to further understand its allelochemical potential and the potential used as green manure in cropping system weeds management. Two kinds of aquous extracts, one from fresh matieral and another from dried material, were compared. The result indicated that two kinds of extracts both have strong inhibite effect on five weeds. The roots of five species all showed more sensitive to the extracts than seeds. Under higher extracts density, the roots were inhibited completely. For different species, M. pudica had strongest endurance to the extracts, E. odoratum followed it. There was no siginificant disciplinary differences between two extracts. The results suggested that E. catarium has the potential to be used as green manure in cropping system weeds management, but enough researches need to be conducted to well use it in different systems.

  Comparison of Okra Accessions as Poultry Pigment Ye Hualan, Liu Dongxiang, Liu Guodao 2007, 23 (5):  428-428.  Abstract + ( 1386 )   PDF ( 759039KB )   ( 559 ) An experiment on comparison of fourteen accessions of Abelmoschus esculentus L. as poultry pigment in seed germination, yield (leaf, stem and seed) and nutritional values (leaf and stem) was conducted. The results showed: both seed germination and dry matter yield (leaf, stem) were significant difference among the fourteen accessions. The 021 and 007-1 were the highest (92.5%) in germination rate, and leaves of 004-2(4948 kg/hm2), stems of 018 (7103.4kg/hm2) yielded the highest. the 008 had the highest nutritional value. the 007-1 was the highest in seed yield, more than 3000kg/hm2. Being given a general consideration, the 018 was better than others as poultry pigment.

  农业信息科学

  The Research on Planter Industry Structure Adjustment Space Assistance System ——Heber Zhengding County as the example ZhaoQun, LiuYun, TianYanxia 2007, 23 (5):  444-444.  Abstract + ( 1455 )   PDF ( 1024991KB )   ( 703 ) The researcher establishes the planter industry structure adjustment space assistance decision system mainly is for enabling the county territory planter industry economic efficiency to achieve the maximization, causing the county territory crops planter structure optimization, providing policy-making for the policy-maker the basis; In the decision system research, the researcher establishes the auxiliary policy-making model according to the characteristic of the studied region, uses in GIS MapObjects to control to inlay the type integration with the assistance decision-making model in the method, applies VB programming language; The policy-maker may carry on the dynamic inquiry in the planter industry structure adjustment space decision system to the crops planter data, which is allowed to be direct-viewing dynamically demonstrates in the corresponding map position. Under the backstage database support, the policy-maker may calculate every year each villages and towns each kind of crops the being suitable parameter. Through the decision system the policy-maker may automatically participation the crops being suitable parameter input model in the computation crops the sown area, the policy-maker may act according to in the different situation choice decision system the different model to carry on the computation crops planter the adjustment data. The policy-maker may carry on the comparison according to the old times crops sown area and the computation obtained sown area, obtain sown area which the crops needed to adjust. The system may act according to adjusts the crops sown area to carry on the benefit analysis, the profit analysis, the production graph, The system can be direct-viewing dynamically provides the support for the decision-making. The decision system that develops carries on the example confirmation taking the Hebei Zhengding County as the example, finally indicated that this system design is reasonable and feasible and provide the policy-making support for the county territory planter industry structure adjustment. The system has the certain practice value and the significance.

  热带农业科学

  Studies on Trace-element nutritional Principle of Super sweet corn LinDian, Cheng Ningning, ZhaoHueiCheng, YeDingQiang 2007, 23 (5):  450-450.  Abstract + ( 1536 )   PDF ( 996626KB )   ( 550 ) in order to apply microelemen fertilize scientifically t, Increase output of super sweet corn, improve quality of super sweet corn .microelemens nutritive characteristics of super sweet corn were studied by way of investigation and analysis of roots, stems and leaves of the super sweet corn plants at different growth stages .The results showed that the nutrient contents of roots, stems and leaves varied with month, that the nutrient of the leaves was in the order of Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>B, that the nutrient of the root was in the order of Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>B , that the nutrient of the stems was in the order of Zn>Fe>Mn>Cu>B ,the contents of Cu , Zn in the stems were remarkable relativitywith total , the contents of Fe in the leaves were remarkable relativitywith total, the contents of Mn in the roots were remarkable relativity with total,the contents of Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,B cganged with growth stages and different organ.

  农业信息科学

  A Study on the Leaf Area Measurement of Gladiolus with Technology of Image Manipulation Shi Jingsun, Zuo Qihua, Zhang Tao, Zhang Lifeng, Bian Xiuju 2007, 23 (5):  456-456.  Abstract + ( 1288 )   PDF ( 858702KB )   ( 678 ) With the leaf area of Gladiolus measured by digital camera and Photoshop software as a reference, the correction coefficient and regression equation were gained by calculating long diameters (L) and short diameters (W) of Gladiolus leaves. According to the method of leaf area correction coefficient, the equation for both red-peach and pink-rose were LA=0.65LW and LA=0.71LW, respectively. The regression equation of red-peach and pink-rose were LA=0.58×L×W+ 7.02 and LA=0.69×L×W+ 1.58, respectively. The result of variance analysis revealed that regression equation method could give a more reliable result than Leaf area correction coefficient method for the leaf area measurement.

  信息科学

  Brief Statistical Analysis of Authors of Natural Science Papers in China Yang Zhiqing 2007, 23 (5):  461-461.  Abstract + ( 1382 )   PDF ( 1125906KB )   ( 548 ) According to general practice in international literature metrology research, a paper is classified based on region and work unit of the first author. Through the statistic analysis of the authors of the natural science papers in China in 2005,people can know the status quo and equipment condition of scientific research group in China. The contents of study included their subject distribution, organization distribution, region distribution, and authors distribution of high yield and deep influence, The results showed that the author’s subject distribution isn’t well-proportioned, and the high yield authors, the authors of international papers especially, went into studying chiefly on chemistry, physics and math,and that the region distribution is asymmetric, and 4/5 of the high yield authors were in colleges or universities, and even the proportion of authors in northwest area which concluded 13 provinces was lower than 16%,whatever international or national papers.

  农业工程科学

  The Primary Study on Response of Growth, Yield and Dry Matter of Cucumber under Different Irrigation Frequency in Solar Greenhouse Guowenzhong,, Qumei,weiyan, CHenqingyun, Gaolihong, Songshengyin 2007, 23 (5):  467-467.  Abstract + ( 1334 )   PDF ( 580146KB )   ( 480 ) In this paper, the author adopted the alternant irrigation manner from fact of cucumber production and research the effect on growth, yield and dry matter of cucumber under different irrigation frequency in solar greenhouse. The study show that high frequency irrigation increase remarkably plant height, single plant fruit weight ,average single fruit weight and yield, but decrease stem breadth, accumulation of day matter and WUE of cucumber. It is favorable on the increase of leaf chlorophyll content，accumulation of day matter and WUE of cucumber under the proper irrigation frequency under drip irrigation manner and irrigation frequency six day.

  Effects of Irrigation Limits of Soil Moisture Index on Photosynthetic Rate, Fruit Quality and Yield of Tomato Li Baifeng,, Feng Hao,,, Wu Pute,,, Fan Xingke,, 2007, 23 (5):  471-471.  Abstract + ( 1586 )   PDF ( 1153970KB )   ( 835 ) With pot experiment, the effects of irrigation limits of soil moisture on tomato photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, fruit quality, yield and water use efficiency were researched in different growth periods. The result showed that the yield and water use efficiency were the highest when lowest soil relative moisture 45% in seedling stage, 55% in flowering phase and 75% in bearing age appeared. And in this condition, it could get the higher quality fruit.

  Effects of Soil Fertility and Irrigation Quantity on Nitrogen Balance in Wheat-soil System Liu Guowei, Tian Qizhuo, Wang Shuliang, Xie Lianjie, Li Nana, Pei Yanting 2007, 23 (5):  477-477.  Abstract + ( 1653 )   PDF ( 1175122KB )   ( 530 ) By the method of 15N tracing technique, combined three different soil fertility with two different irrigation quantity, the synthesis effect of nitrogen balance in wheat production was studied in cement-pool cultivation. The result showed that: (1) The absorption efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer varied from 39.08% to 53.08% in different treatment, N remained in soil ranged in 21.80%~33.59% and losses in 18.81%~34.62%. Above data showed that nitrogen balance in wheat production system could be regulated effectively in large scale with different combination of soil fertility and irrigation quantity. (2) The amount of total N accumulated in wheat plant and which derived from soil increased, but the proportion resorted in vegetative organs increased and the proportion distribution in grain decreased significantly with increase in soil fertility. The order of N amount derived from fertilizer respond to soil fertility was as follows: medium fertility >high fertility >low fertility, the loss efficiency was low fertility >high fertility >medium fertility and there were no significant difference in residue rate of N fertilizer. Based on above analysis, it could have negative effect on absorption efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer with soil fertility increased gradually after medium level achieved, but it could effectively reduce dependence on nitrogen fertilizer. (3) Irrigation quantity increasing could enhance the capacity to absorb nitrogen on different fertility, but the synergistic effect of irrigation on soil nitrogen uptake was more than fertilizer nitrogen uptake, it also increased loss efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen, decreased residue rate in soil and distribution rate in grain. (4) Economic yield, biological yield and soil A values increased and harvest index decreased with soil fertility enhanced and irrigation quantity increased, protein content of grain increased with soil fertility enhanced and decreased with irrigation quantity increased.

  Effect of Polyacrylamide on Soil Particle Composition of Desertificated Grassland Chu Limei, Tan Guodong, Fan Jiubin, Lv Zichao, Du Yibin 2007, 23 (5):  483-483.  Abstract + ( 1403 )   PDF ( 961383KB )   ( 592 ) For discussing the prohibition effect of polyacrylamide (PAM) on grassland desertification in farming-pastoral ecotones in the north of China, through field plot compared experiment and indoor analysis, it studied the effect of different dose polyacrylamide (PAM) on soil particle composition by two factors complete randomization design. The results showed that PAM within 30～120kg/hm2 accelerated the reduction of sandy particle (2～0.02mm ) content and the increasing of clay-silt particle(<0.02mm) content , improved the coarsening of soil. The best effect was 30 kg/hm2 of PAM applying, the reduction range of sandy particle content was improved 6.95~11.29 percentages and the increasing range of clay particle was improved 6.91~12.54 percentages compared with control.

  Effect of Water Retaining Agent on Soil and Growth and Development of Cotton Root Zhang Cuicui, Liu Songtao, Guo Shurong 2007, 23 (5):  487-487.  Abstract + ( 1536 )   PDF ( 682427KB )   ( 614 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 Based on theory of sustainable development of cotton field, the bonsai and the field experiments have been carried out to discover the effect of water retaining agent on soil and breading to the growth of cotton. 【METHOD】 The methods of ninhydrin and molybdenum blue, and bi directional soil section slicing were used. 【RESULTS】 The experiment results showed that: When content of the polymer in soil was in the range of 0.030%-0.100%, evaporation of soil moisture deceased and the pH value tended to be lowered The study showed that mulching could quicken the growth and development of cotton roots during early growth period, which reflected in the enhanced root visor and the root dry weight per plant. The distribution of root systems in soil was comparatively reasonable, and deep roots decreased slowly, which contributed to the proportional development of cotton plants, and prevented cotton plants from premature senescence. 【CONCLUSION】 The amount used in 30-45kg/hm-2 could increase the output of the cotton, obviously the production increase scope reaches above 10%, to the textile fiber quality not tremendous influence, the bell number increases 5.7~9.4 ten thousand per /hm2, the bell increases 0.1~0.19g.

  水产科学

  Effects of Flavomycin on Activities of Digestive Enzymes in Cyprinus Carpio Cheng Huichang, Huo Jun, Gao Chunsheng 2007, 23 (5):  491-491.  Abstract + ( 1680 )   PDF ( 322881KB )   ( 587 ) An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of Flavomycin supplement on growth performance and activities of digestive enzymes in Cyprinus carpio. The results showed: The biology synthesis evaluates in the groups fed diets with Flayomycin were higher and that (119) in the group fed diets with 6mg/kg Flayomycin was the highest. Feed coefficients in the groups fed diets with 4mg/kg and 6mg/kg Flayomycin were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The activities of trypsin and intestinal protease were the highest in the group fed diets with 4mg/kg Flayomycin. The activities of trypsin in the group fed diets with 4mg/kg Flayomycin were significantly higher than those in the control group and the group fed diets with 8mg/kg Flayomycin (P<0.05). The activities of intestinal protease in the group fed diets with 4mg/kg and 6mg/kg Flayomycin were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The amylase activities in hepatopancreas in the groups fed diets with 2mg/kg, 4mg/kg, 6mg/kg Flayomycin were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The amylase activities in intestine in the group fed diets with 4mg/kg Flayomycin were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The lipase activities in hepatopancreas and intestine in the group fed diets with 6mg/kg Flayomycin were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).

  水产渔业科学

  Analysis on Fishery Scientific and Technological Competitive Advantage Based on Published Academic Articles ---- Using Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences as the Example Zhang Xiaoqin, Wu Jun, Chen Xinran 2007, 23 (5):  494-494.  Abstract + ( 1456 )   PDF ( 1934457KB )   ( 529 ) 【OBJECTIVE】To provide a new idea on assessment of scientific production for researchers and a method reference for scientific management;【METHOD】Based on the data from Chinese S&T Information Institute, using Chinese Academy of Fisher Sciences CAFS) as the example, the academic articles produced by the researchers in CAFS were analyzed and summarized;【RESULTS】CAFS has domestic competitive advantage in scientific and technological research, especially in the fields of fisheries environment & ecology and fishery breeding resource, where the advantage is some outstanding. However, the international S & T competitive power is very weak. Only in one or two key technique, the level may reach or nearly get to the world advanced level; 【CONCLUSION】the balanced development of the whole scientific field in fisheries should be attached importance to, and the basic research in fishery science and technology should be cared.

  农史科学

  Positive Significance of the State-owned Friendship farm set up with the Aid of the former USSR in the Earlier Days of the PRC Song Chao, Hui Fuping 2007, 23 (5):  500-500.  Abstract + ( 1236 )   PDF ( 140243KB )   ( 500 ) The state-owned friendship farm was set up in China in the 1950s, of which all the farming machinery and experts were provided by the former USSR. First of this kind, it was a large-scale state-owned mechanization farms, and its establishment followed scientific procedures of reconnoiter, design and exploitation. Bumper harvest was seen in the first year. The establishment of such a farm resulted in the introduction of technology and experiences for the construction and management of state-owned farms. It also cultivated a large number of managerial cadres and technicians for setting up more state-owned farms nationwide. At the same time agricultural technology and picked seeds were also introduced. All this set a good example for later establishment of state-owned farms in China in terms of planning, exploitation and management. Accordingly, the requirements put forward by Premier Zhou Enlai were fulfilled that such farms should bring grain, experiences and experts as well.

  农业传媒科学

  Analysis on the Deploitation of Advertisement Spread in Rural Market Chen Yongjun, Wan Shu 2007, 23 (5):  505-505.  Abstract + ( 1041 )   PDF ( 113213KB )   ( 429 ) Rural market has not been regionally restrictive, and it is a representative of both consumption capacity and level. Consumptive needs in countryside are in great agreement in market, and commercialization has been improved. Peasants’ increasing consumption leads to more and more highlights in consumptive markets. Therefore, country market bears the similar traits with city market. In order to develop country market, an enterprise is expected to adopt a policy of individual specialty in overall spreading by concretely implementing the following five unities: the unity between central and local media; the unity between business and commonweal advertisements; the unity between medium promotion and sale for public praise; the unity between set and mobile media; the unity between advertisements both in the air and on the ground.

  三农问题研究

  Discussion about the Problem of the Livelihood of Farmers in Building New Countryside Li Qian ,Bi Rutian 2007, 23 (5):  509-509.  Abstract + ( 1386 )   PDF ( 365147KB )   ( 558 ) According to the advanced international idea, we resolve the problem of farmer livelihood is very important in new countryside. This paper made use of sampling investigation data in northwest Shanxi Province and analyze farmer livelihood. We discover some severe and serious problem. It is reason that natural condition leads to rough earning a living way and the population is increased and unreasonable way lead to the degeneration of land and zoology. It is important result to arrest the degeneration of land and zoology in building new countryside and satisfy farmer demand. Three are ways of resolving farmer livelihood. We should give farmer the property of the environment assets; ensure the volume of business between the government and farmer and resolve the problem of the information asymmetry that the government gives farmer compensation.

  The Main Contributing Factors of Science and Technology Training to Farmers Zhu Yuanjiao, Zhang Yu 2007, 23 (5):  515-515.  Abstract + ( 1151 )   PDF ( 236393KB )   ( 547 ) In order to solve the problem of the farmers’ training, the current situation of the farmers’ training was analyzed through theory research. Science and technology, the relationship between supply and demand, institutional factors and fund investment are the main factors of the farmers’ training. Research was also made by empirical analysis and the right direction for the future of the training for farmers was made.

  Target, Task, Priority and Mode of Modern Agriculture in China Dai Xiaofeng, Bian Quanle, Fu Chaoliang 2007, 23 (5):  519-519.  Abstract + ( 1515 )   PDF ( 161419KB )   ( 500 ) The paper presented general strategy and principles in deal with six conflicts and relations in development of modern agriculture in China after analyzed several limited key factors and conflicts in order to find out the pathway for development of modern agriculture. After the basic target and task for modern agriculture in China being discussed, the development priority of modern agriculture in enhance infra-construction and facility, going on economic system reform, establishment of farmer organization, strength support and protection from government, speeding up forming of social service system, more state financial input and better agricultural bank system, pushing intensive input in large scale, regulating inner structure in agriculture, recreation national research system of agricultural science and technology, reorganizing new agricultural implementation system, improving system of public education and technology training in rural area were given in detail.

  Investigations on the Factors of Affecting Jangsu Households’ Selling of Poplar by Principal Component Analysis Tang Bulong 2007, 23 (5):  525-525.  Abstract + ( 1448 )   PDF ( 686704KB )   ( 696 ) Selling of poplar is an important link of the poplar industry chain. The peasant households get income from poplar, selling also. So sustainable development of poplar industry depend on selling of poplar. This paper examines the factors that affect the poplar sellers’s decision-making. The data were obtained from a sample of 278 peasant households in Jiangsu province. Factor analysis is then employed and three factors are extracted from nine attributes considered to affect the households in selling. We find that the main peasant households are faced with high paying and price risks when they sell poplar through markets. So the peasant households pay close attentions to paying and price factors. The peasant households are affected by paying and price factor, trust factor and convenient factor in selling poplar.

  Application of Fluctuation Association Method in Cultivated Land Compensate Design Liu Fen, Chen Yaheng, Xu Hao 2007, 23 (5):  530-530.  Abstract + ( 1011 )   PDF ( 598415KB )   ( 478 ) Fluctuate association and build database to the element association got through the arrangement by arranging the middle result of agricultural land classification and using mathematical statistics and demonstration analysis according to the requirements of cultivated land requisition-compensation balance, sufficiently considering the local natural conditions and economic conditions and from the feasibility standpoint. The database got from the fluctuate association method can provide optimized suggestions to the farmland supply and design work of Hebei Province and also provide foundation to the supply farmland acceptance to it.

  On The Development of Rural Manpower Resource in the Process of Constructing Socialism New Country Feng Xiaoyan, Zhang Tuyuan 2007, 23 (5):  534-534.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   PDF ( 109068KB )   ( 454 ) Some being problems of rural manpower resource empoldering are analyzed in this paper from the fact on the constructing Socialism New Country. It was indicated that the development of the rural manpower resource in the process of constructing Socialism New Country, a relationship must be treated with, two constructing must be strengthened and three status must be thought much of. Only this can cultivate new farmer, improve making of farmer and realize the object of constructing Socialism New Country.

  Analysis of China's Agricultural Land Transfer in the New Period Pang Liru, Wang Wenchang 2007, 23 (5):  538-538.  Abstract + ( 1222 )   PDF ( 107949KB )   ( 484 ) The transfer of agricultural land in China in the new period was studied in the paper. The major issues were elaborated -- the sale of land for the transfer of chaos and the root of the questions was analyzed. The solutions were proposed: standardizing the behavior of the government, establishing mechanisms for transferring the relevant legislation to strengthen, protecting the rights and interests of peasants and encouraging the rural population transfer to the cities.

  The Characteristic and Countermeasures of the Peasant Workers’ Floating Ji Bianbian 2007, 23 (5):  542-542.  Abstract + ( 1148 )   PDF ( 109986KB )   ( 471 ) The transform of rural surplus labor is concern of a series of problem such as new rural construction, harmonious society and urbanization construction of china, but the peasant laborer who is the industrial worker important component is in awkward position in the working ,keeping the right , the guarantee living etc. probing into the measure of accelerating the peasant workers’ floating according the characteristic of the peasant floating is benefit to the transform of rural surplus labor. This paper put forward the countermeasures of accelerating the peasant workers’ floating, after analyzing the characteristic of the peasant workers’ first and the second floating.

  Discussions on Protecting Economic Benefit of Community in Nature Reserves Zhang Xiaoni, Wang Zhongxian, Xie Xiwei 2007, 23 (5):  546-546.  Abstract + ( 1507 )   PDF ( 109428KB )   ( 670 ) Most nature reserves in China locate in the poor district areas. Local people there have the urgent needs for natural resources. Their economic rights have been limited strictly when the government enhanced nature reserves protecting. The relationship between nature reserves and local community should be emphasized, from the view of economics. It’s high time for the government to take more practical measures, such as perfecting law system, adjusting management system, cultivating protecting fund to protect local people’s economic benefit and promote sustainable development.

  Comparative Analysis of the Level of Chinese Agricultural Modernization and Policy Suggestions Gao Mingjie, Ding Chenfang, Wang Ruibo 2007, 23 (5):  550-550.  Abstract + ( 1191 )   PDF ( 166974KB )   ( 549 ) By the method of comparative analysis, the author makes the disparity in every aspect of agriculture between china and developed countries clear, and analyses relationship between modernization of agriculture and the whole economy. Estimation that the lag of level of agricultural modernization between China and developed countries is about 80 years is made. To quicken the realization of agricultural modernization in China, developing agricultural science and technology, improving the level of mechanization, advancing agricultural industrialization, reforming the patterns of agricultural operation organizations, promoting the development of agriculture for export and perfecting legal system were put forward as policy suggestions.

  Study on County Economy with the Visual Angle of Characteristic Economy Cheng Guanghua 2007, 23 (5):  554-554.  Abstract + ( 1113 )   PDF ( 109568KB )   ( 445 ) To the county with the resources advantage, exploiting its characteristic resources is an important way to develop its economy. Huoshan, which is called Huoshan phenomenon by economists, has explained this perfectly. The reason why Huoshan’s economy has risen abruptly is that it changes its advantages of abundant characteristic resources to the competitive advantage in market. With the example of Huoshan in Anhui Province, this article discusses how to develop the county economy with the visual angle of characteristic economy.

  Urbanization and the Problem of Agriculture, Rural areas and Peasants in China Li Jun, Suo Zhilin 2007, 23 (5):  560-560.  Abstract + ( 1631 )   PDF ( 167686KB )   ( 507 ) The main body of the Problem of Agriculture, Rural areas and Peasants in China is the peasants, whereas the central point of the problem of the peasants is the increase of income. There is only one way to increase the income of the peasants, that is, decrease the population of the peasants. Therefore, the key to solve the problem of Agriculture, Rural areas and Peasants in China is decrease the population of the peasants tremendously. To reach that goal, we have to achieve the strategy of urbanization. To solve the problem of Agriculture, Rural areas and Peasants completely, decrease the population of the peasants, accelerate the transfer speed of the agriculture population from rural areas to cities, and push on the urbanization progress in China, three preparations are needed: the first one is the preparation of abundant software and hardware for cities; the second one is the preparation of good-education and technical ability trainings for peasants; the third one is the preparation of the relative policy guarantee systems.

  Reconsideration on Cultivated Land Conservation in Urbanization Process Su zhen, Wu Kening, Lv Qiaoling 2007, 23 (5):  563-563.  Abstract + ( 1537 )   PDF ( 84798KB )   ( 561 ) The study purpose：In order to offer a kind of thinking for alleviating the stress of cultivated land conservation，it will help to realize of sustainable development of cultivated land. Main research approach：Methods of documents and theoretical analysis are applied. The conclusion：By analyzing the present situation of cultivated land, this paper puts forward the corresponding methods to solve the problem，such as the system of due scale of cities Assessment, intensified land use, protected basic farmland, agriculture scale management.

  Research on the Management Information Systems of the transformation of the surplus labor force in the countryside Qi Long, Li Zhihong, Gao Xuefeng 2007, 23 (5):  566-566.  Abstract + ( 1183 )   PDF ( 180850KB )   ( 523 ) In order to realize the effective transformation of the rural labor, This paper proposes that we should set up the Management Information Systems of the transformation of the surplus labor force in the countryside.The system is designed according to the target and principle of the system,and then we analyse the effect of making use of the system after comprehending its function.The result shows that it has much effect on the transformation of the surplus labor force in the countryside.