Current issue

• 2007 Vol.23 No.4 Published:05 April 2007

  目次

  Investigation on Determination of Cadmium and Observation of Morphology in Liver of Hyline-white Laying Hens with Subchronic Cadmium Toxication Fu Yequan, He Baoxia, Xu Shiwen 2007, 23 (4):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1546 )   PDF ( 1103523KB )   ( 575 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 To study the accumulation of cadmium and the changes of morphology in chicken liver induced by subchronic cadmium. 【METHOD】 30 normal Hyline white laying hens, aged 50 days, were randomly allocated to 3 groups and each group included 10 respectively. In feed, we added 0 mg/kg CdCl2, 140 mg/kg CdCl2, 210 mg/kg CdCl2 separately into control group, low-dosage cadmium group and high-dosage cadmium group. Liver was got to determinate the contents of cadmium and observe changes of microstructure or ultrastructure at 20d、40d and 60d after cadmium exposure. 【RESULTS】 Accumulation of cadmium in liver showed time-effect curve and dose-effect curve.Denaturation and necrosis of cadmium-group liver cell could be seen, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were enormously damaged. 【CONCLUSION】 Liver was one of the target organ of cadmium and the damage of liver changed deeper with time goes on and elevation of cadmium dose.

  The Approach of Planting Division of Fine Forage Plants in Henan Province Li Ming, Guo Xiao, Jie Xiaolei, Hu Huafeng, Liu Shiliang, Liu Fang 2007, 23 (4):  5-5.  Abstract + ( 1708 )   PDF ( 112516KB )   ( 690 ) Based on the analysis of biological characters, ecological characters and economic values of Henan main forage plants combined with the need of agriculture and animal husbandry in Henan province, This paper put forward to criterion of key forage plants as well as that of Henan forage plants planting divisions. Key forage plants consist of alfalfa, erect milkvetch, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, crownvetch, white clover, red clover alsike clover, common orchardgrass, smooth brome; planting divisions with obviously optimal combinations of forage plants in Henan province cover the following 6 respects：（1）Northern plain forage planting division；（2）North-west mountain area forage planting division; （3）Middle-east low lying plain and nan-yang basin forage planting division; （4）Western mountain area forage planting division；（5）Huaihe river-south and Tongbai mountain area forage planting division；（6）Eastern plain forage planting division；These conclusions will provide necessary theoritical data or base for right choose of foeage plants as well as great development of grass industry in the future in Henan province.

  The Study on the Ning Tiao’s Utilization in Feeds of Forage Animal Yao zhigang, Li fengxue 2007, 23 (4):  9-9.  Abstract + ( 1525 )   PDF ( 588802KB )   ( 566 ) The article studied on the Ning Tiao’s Utilization in Feeds of Forage Animal .The result showed that the ning tiao has very high value applied in feeds. One hand, The ning tiao can be used for feeding on sheep, rabbit.al.instead of traditional grass mixture. This has three methods.The first, The ning tiao tender tops are directedly used for feeder greens; The second, The ning tiao was used after being conversioned; The third, The ning tiao was made for grass powders. The other hand, The ning tiao powders improve the feeds nutrition value and increase the diet palatability of forage anamial. Another hand, The ning tiao powders can decrease the feed cost when they were added to fodder concentrates and supplement feed instead of diets containing flour and wheat bran in forage animal. altogether, As the feeds of forage animal, The ning tiao provideds cheap value which superior to another feed, so, The ning tiao has extensive applying poteney.

  The influence of Single and Multiple comb Genes on Body Size and Semen Quality for white-feather silky chicken Song Sufang, Kang Xiangtao, Sun Guirong, Yang Zhitian, Tian Yadong, Han Ruili, Li Guoxi, Huang Yanqun 2007, 23 (4):  13-13.  Abstract + ( 1347 )   PDF ( 432075KB )   ( 521 ) To study effects of genes on body size and semen quality for white-feather silky chicken and the relation between body size and semen quality ,the body size and semen quality of 44 breeding silky cocks (55-week-old) with single and multiple comb were determined . Results indicate that the average body size of single comb silky cocks is bigger than that of multiple comb ones; the semen quality between single and multiple comb cocks and the correlation between body size and semen quality in single and multiple comb cocks both have no significant difference; the correlation between semen quality and body size in single comb cocks was negative. Besides the significant body size advantage of single comb genes, more attention should be paid to the correlation difference between body size and semen quality of single and multiple comb fowls in breeding.

  Extraction and Determination of Coenzyme Q10 From Cattle Heart Zhang Shuangqi, Zan Linsen, Tian Wanqiang, Ma Zhike 2007, 23 (4):  16-16.  Abstract + ( 1590 )   PDF ( 241773KB )   ( 670 ) Coenzyme Q10 is a very good biochemicals, which has important physiological function. And it is also natural oxidation and cell metabolism activating agent of activated cellular breathing, which is produced by cell oneself. The author has studied the technics that the extraction and isolation of Coenzyme Q10 from cattle heart. Coenzyme Q10 is obtained through saponification, extraction with petroleum benzine, chromatography with silica gel and crystallization with ethanol. And under the optimal conditions, concentration of CoQ10 that determinated with standard curve chart was 91.2%.

  Investigation on Epidemiology of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome in Henan Province Investigation on Epidemiology of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome in Henan Province 2007, 23 (4):  19-19.  Abstract + ( 1352 )   PDF ( 137589KB )   ( 595 ) To study the epidemiology state and factor of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) in Henan Province, as well as putting forward defending advise. This experiment used questionnaire investigation, locale investigate and sample detection. The results suggested that the PRRS occurred in most county of Henan Province, and no significance during county. The PRRS often occur in the Spring and Winter, the proportion of the disease swines of 35~70 days is highest (41%). The samples of 165 hogpen in Henan Province were detected, the result showed that the sample of 65 hogpen was the positive; the positive ratio is 34.4%. It suggested that the PRRS in Henan Province was very serious, to establish all kinds of steps to positively prevent and cure.

  Investigation on the Reasons of Non-estrus of Sow and Prevention and Cure Measures Yang Qianfeng 2007, 23 (4):  22-22.  Abstract + ( 1362 )   PDF ( 255600KB )   ( 930 ) Non-estrus of Sows causing sterile is a perplexing problem in raising pig produces. In order to know why sows are non-estrus deeply, special investigations were carried on in three cities in the north of Henan Province. Congenital factors, raising factors, breeding technology, climate, water and soil factors, disease and so on can all cause cows non-estrus. The reasons were classified and the investigation results shows: Raising factors account for 54.95%, congenital factors account for 6.5%, climate and water and soil factors account for 6.59%, breeding technology factors account for 4.3%, The disease factors account for 27.47%. The preventing and therapeutic methods were used correctly after the investigations. Integrated preventing and therapeutic methods can make sows non-estrus improve obviously.

  Research Progress and Prospect on Sugarbeet Genetic Engineering Sun Yaqing, Shao Jinwang, Zhang Shaoying 2007, 23 (4):  27-27.  Abstract + ( 1877 )   PDF ( 173080KB )   ( 620 ) Study on sugarbeet genetic engineering is one of the hot topics on sugarbeet, some progress have been achieved during the past few years, which aimed to obtain new variety (or line ) with new character by molecular biological means and gene transferring technique. In this paper, we summarized the achievements mainly according to the following aspects: the application, research methods and security estimate. Its limitation and possible future directions for sugarbeet genetic engineering research were analyzed.

  Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinol Methyltransferase (MPBQ MT) Gene Promoter in Transgenic Tobacoo Liu Bin,, Wang Lei, Zhang Wei 2007, 23 (4):  33-33.  Abstract + ( 1701 )   PDF ( 885650KB )   ( 660 ) The expression pattern of the promoter of Arabidopsis gene 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinol methyltransferase (MPBQ MT) in transgenic tobacco was studied according to the analysis of GUS reporter gene. The promoter was fused with GUS reporter gene and this expression cassette was introduced into wild tobacco by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The expression pattern of the promoter was analyzed by GUS staining and quantitative fluorometric GUS assay. The GUS staining wasn’t observed in roots and seeds of transgenic tobacco, which was visualized in stems and leaves. The GUS expression was the highest in leaves, which was about 4.7~10.9 times of stems. MPBQ MT promoter was expressed preferentially in the green tissues of tobacco.

  The Identification and Application of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Gu Yujuan,, Guo Jianying,, Cheng Hongmei, Wan FangHao, 2007, 23 (4):  38-38.  Abstract + ( 1416 )   PDF ( 122333KB )   ( 897 ) Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were developed as a new generation molecular marker in recent years. They were the variation between individuals and populations because of single nucleotide base alteration, including transition, transversion, insertion and deletion. It was first used in the association analysis between diseases or populations’ variation in phenotypes and mutation in single nucleotide bases. With the development of detection methods and relevant databases, it became an important tool in revealing the genetic evolution, analyzing the intrinsic causes of the extrinsic characteristics, etc. In this paper we reviewed the features, detection methods, application areas and foregrounds of SNPs.

  Study on the Antidotal Effect of a New Type of Biological Reagent on Imazethapyr Damage in Rice Liu Menghong, Zhang Heyu, Zhao Shu, Ren Xuekun, Ye Xiwen 2007, 23 (4):  42-42.  Abstract + ( 1378 )   PDF ( 582281KB )   ( 536 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Sensitivity of rice seeding and antidotal effect on imazethapyr from a new type of biological reagent were studied 【METHOD】by a room bioassay. And the root length and the fresh weight of roots of rice were as biological parameter.【RESULTS AND CONCLUSION】The experiment results show that imazethapyr could significantly suppress the growth of rice seeding and the antidotal effect of biological reagent is good. The protected rate of the reagent was an increasing trend by increased dose of biological reagent, but the increased range was tended to be balanced. The maximum protected rate of biological reagent to rice seeding from imazethapyr injury on root length and root fresh weight were 132 % and 158 % respectively. The optimum economic dose of biological reagent was 30~60 kg/hm2.

  Response of in Vitro Culture of Anther and Microspore from Different Genotypes of Barley to Cool and Nacl Pretreatments Sun Yuefang,, Lu Ruilu,, Wang Yifei,, Shan Lili,, Huang Jianhua, 2007, 23 (4):  46-46.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 346485KB )   ( 535 ) The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between tolerance to disease and salt of plant and tolerance to cold and NaCl of their haploid cell level in barley. Using barley lines with different tolerance to Fusarium head blight (TF) and Salt (TS) as donor materials, the response of in vitro culture of anther and microspores to cold and NaCl pretreatments were compared. The results showed: the frequency of callus induction from anther culture pretreated spikes for 17d with 5℃ was lower than that of anthers without cold pretreatment for lines with lower TF and the frequency of callus induction was higher from the cold pretreatment compared to the 0d treatment for lines with higher TF. The Freq. of survival of microspores was decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration. The decrease was lower for lines with higher TS than that of lines with lower TS and the decrease also lower for line with higher TF compared to that of line with lower TF. From the research, it could be suggested that the difference of tolerance to disease and salt of donor plants can be expressed in their anther and microspore level.

  Research Progress on Agricultural Biotechnology Utilizing in Purity Identification of Rice Seed Li Xiaolin,, Deng Anfeng, Xu Yuran, Wu Dianxin, Li Jianqiang, Wang Jiahua 2007, 23 (4):  54-54.  Abstract + ( 1537 )   PDF ( 143310KB )   ( 614 ) 【Objectives】To select one technique to identify rice seed purity which was direct, accurate, reliable, economical and simple to manipulate.【Methods】the research and utilizing status of rice seed purity identification by electrophoresis, DNA molecular markers and leaf-color marker were analyzed and summarized in the paper.【Conclusion】It was considered that techniques of rice seed purity identification by electrophoresis and DNA molecular markers can only obtain the data of hybrid seed purity but distinguish the not real hybrid seed, consequently no measures to deal with the low yield due to low hybrid seed purity. The utilization of leaf-color marker of white to green will end the traditional techniques and lead to revolution of seed purity identification, which have a broad utilization in the practice.

  Advance on Study of Molecular Marker, Gene Location and Gene Engineering in Drought Resistance in Wheat Yang Suizhuang 2007, 23 (4):  59-59.  Abstract + ( 1473 )   PDF ( 143908KB )   ( 825 ) The new advance of study on molecular marker, gene location and gene engineering of drought resistance in wheat was introduced in this paper. Drought resistance is the complex quantitative trait. Study on trait to drought resistance using molecular biotechnology is helpful to clarify the mechanism based on molecular level in order to improve drought resistance in wheat. At present, molecular marker assistant selection on drought resistance had not been used in wheat breeding. The reason about it was analyzed and resolving was provided. Osmoregulation gene, lea gene and transcription fact gene had been used as the sources in gene engineering to improve drought resistance in wheat. The direction of the gene engineering about drought resistance is the using of transcription fact gene.

  Concentration of DNA and Time of Injection on Gene Transformation Efficiency via Pollen-tube Pathway in Apple Feng Shasha, Du Guoqiang, Shi Xiaoxin, Zhou Ruijin, Wang Xiaoman, Wang Yanxia 2007, 23 (4):  64-64.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 454341KB )   ( 680 ) Using pollen tube pathway transformation, plasmid pWBVec10a containing gene CBF3 and report gene GUS was introduced into apple. The seeds were harvested and the embryos were cultured at 70d after fruit setting. The medium was MS+BA0.2mg/L+GA2.0mg/L supplying with 50g/L sucrose and 6 g /L agar. The results showed that the best time to inoculate was at 11 hours to 24 hours after pollination. With the increase of the concentration of DNA, the rate of fruit setting decreased gradually, when the concentration of DNA was 500μg/ml, it could reach the rate of fruit setting of 3.1%. The expression of GUS gene showed that the rate of expression of GUS was gained with 12.5% when 1000μg/ml plasmid pWBVec10a DNA was inoculated into cotyledon.

  Preliminary Report on Obtaining Transgenic Brassica napus L. Harboring hrpW Gene of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris Zhao Yanpeng, Jiang Bole , He Yongqiang, Liang He , Xiao Yunxing 2007, 23 (4):  67-67.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   PDF ( 413788KB )   ( 582 ) For investigating the function of the hrpW gene and the nosogenesis of Xcc, in the experiment, an efficient and stable regeneration system was established, by using cotyledonary petioles from 5~6 days’ aseptical plantlets of Brassica napus as explants. Factors affecting transformation of cotyledonary petioles of Brassica napus mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens were explored. The hrpW gene of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris was transferred into Brassica napus L. by using the method of Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediating. The hrpW gene having been integrated into the genome of Brassica napus L. was confirmed by PCR analysis. The hrpW gene encodes HarpinXcc(Harpin proteid of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris). The obtaining of transgenic plants could be used to investigate the pathogenesis of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris, and that layed a foundation for selecting the rape idioplasm of efficiently resisting disease.

  Study on the Industrialized Rapid Clone Propagation Technology of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Li Yongwen, Kou Fengxian, Li Hong, Zhou Yanzhen, Wen Xiurong 2007, 23 (4):  71-71.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   PDF ( 370318KB )   ( 523 ) Selects the vigorous and healthy branch of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi as explants carried on the industrialized rapid clone propagation technology research. The results showed that plant hormone combination of 6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L is good for callus induction, 6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L is suitable for Adventitious buds, NAA0.5~0.1mg/L+B90.5~0.1mg/L is good for cultivation of young plant, the coefficient of reproduction is up to 10. NAA0.5mg/L+IBA0.1mg/L is best for rootage, rooting rate was 100%, and completely meets the demands of the industrialized rapid clone propagation technology.

  Optimization of ISSR—PCR Amplification in Cycas Panzhihuaensis Zhang Ying, Lei Ninfei,, Xu Ying , Chen Fang 2007, 23 (4):  74-74.  Abstract + ( 1485 )   PDF ( 685340KB )   ( 696 ) The factors influencing ISSR—PCR experiments to analyze the genetic divergence in: cycas parz hihuaensis were investigated. Comparative experiments on the concentrations of template DNA, ISSR primer, Taq DNA polymerase and the annealing temperature were carried out. The results showed that the optimum reaction condition of ISSR experiment was 15~25ng DNA template, 2.0~2.5mmol/Lmg2+, 0.2mmol/LdNTPs, 0.2μmol/L ISSR primer, 0.2U Tag DNA polymerase, annealing temperature of 48~55℃ and 35 cycles in each reaction system of 20μl, which set up a basis for the study of genetic divergence among Cycas panzhihuaensis.

  ERF Transcription Factors Related to Plant Stress-Tolerance Liu Wu, Dai Liangying 2007, 23 (4):  78-78.  Abstract + ( 1556 )   PDF ( 122305KB )   ( 981 ) The plant suffers various adverse environmental stresses in its life cycle. Expression of different stress-induced genes in plant is mainly regulated by specific transcription factors at the transcriptional level. ERF transcription factors family are one of the large transcription factors family that involve in the biotic and abiotic responses .the members of ERF transcription factors family regulate the expression of defense genes of the adverse environmental stress by recognized different cis-elements. This review introduce the general construction and function of the plant transcription factors and cis-acting element, especially emphasis on the function of ERF transcription factor family in the responses of the biotic and abiotic stresses.

  Cloning and Functional Analysis of the Heat-inducible Promoter AtHSP70b Pei Huali, Hu Huagang, Zhang Xingguo, Su Chenggang, Song Xiaoxia 2007, 23 (4):  82-82.  Abstract + ( 1891 )   PDF ( 753802KB )   ( 1130 ) The promoter of a heat-inducible gene AtHSP70b was amplified from the genome DNA of Arabidopsis thaliana cv. Columbia, which had a length of 204bp and the same sequence as published previously. The expression vectors, pV-HSP70bGUS was constructed by inserting the promoter of AtHSP70b. The vector was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 which was used to mediate the transfection of AtHSP70b promoter fragment into the tobacco (W38). The regenerated plants were analyzed and showed that the promoter fragment was integrated into the genome of tobacco. Histochemical staining of GUS activity of the transgenic plants proved that the promoter of AtHSP70b expressed unprecisely.

  Studies on Properties of Superoxide Dismutase from the Raspberry Xuan Jinghong,, Meng Xianjun, Liu Chunju, Zhang chunyan 2007, 23 (4):  87-87.  Abstract + ( 1566 )   PDF ( 575504KB )   ( 534 ) Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of the important purger eliminate O2- out of body.Its shortened form is SOD.Study the physical and chemical properties of raspberry SOD,the researches included the sensitive experiment of SOD, the maximal ultraviolet peak of SOD and the effect of pH value, and metal ion on SOD from the raspberry. All the work done provided foundation for further reseaches of SOD and its application in materia medica,health food and cosmetic. Coming to a conclusion, SODⅠ,SODⅡand SODⅢ are identified as Mn-SOD because they are not sensitive to KCN and H2O2;the maximal ultraviolet peak of SOD is 280 nm.The effect of temperature is steady,but temperature effect on SODⅢis greater, that of SODⅠandSODⅡ is little.The specific activity of SOD is high in pH value range from 7 to 9and SOD activity easily lose under too high or too low pH value..The effect of metal ion on them shows no difference. The three SODare actived by Al3+、Cu2+、Mg2+、K+、Ca2+、Zn2+and restrained by Pb2+、Fe3+、Sn2+clearly.

  Effects of different extraction methods on anthocyanin content detection in sweet potato Liu GuiLing, Li HaiXia, Guo Binhui, Zhang Peng 2007, 23 (4):  91-91.  Abstract + ( 2389 )   PDF ( 564463KB )   ( 1266 ) Extraction efficiency and stability of plant anthocyanins can be affected by different extraction protocols. In this paper we tested two different extraction buffers, the Na2HPO4 -citric acid (pH3.0) and 1% HCl, on the effect of anthocyanin detection from fresh roots and dried chips of sweet potato cultivar ‘Zhongtai No.8’ and ‘Jishu 18’. The anthocyanin content was calculated based on the OD525 values measured from NanoDrop ND100 and Heλios UV-VIS spectrometers, respectively. Our results shows that the anthocyanin contents of the two cultivars are different and, the extraction method using 1%HCl was able to detect anthocyanin content higher than that of Na2HPO4-citric acid buffer-based method. Prolonging the extraction time from 2 hours to 7 days did not increase the anthocyanin content and could cause partial degradation, and there is less changes in 1% HCl than the Na2HPO4 -citric acid buffer. The results detected by Nano-Drop spectrometer also showed differences with Heλios spectrometer, possibly due to the accuracy and stability of the two machines.

  The Mutation Effect on a Strain Bacillus subtilis is Producing α-acetolactate decarboxylase by UV Irradiation Wang Zhou, Yang Chaoying, Xue Zhenglian 2007, 23 (4):  95-95.  Abstract + ( 1599 )   PDF ( 357970KB )   ( 729 ) A study was made on Bacillus subtilis is strain BS059 with the production of α- acetolactate decarboxylase by the technology of UV irradiation (λ=260nm，W=15w). The result showed that optimal mutation effect was at the irradiation time of 50 seconds. After several screening tests, two mutant strain was named BS059-15 and BS059-22 whose enzyme activities was 107.62% and 162.25% higher than the original strain BS059 respectively. Then it was found that the yield of α-ALDC by the strain BS059-15 and BS059-22 were stable through successive transfer of culture.

  Analysis of Nutrients Component of 15 Vegetables in Hebei Li Yingli, Guo Xiumin, Fang Zheng, Di Bao 2007, 23 (4):  98-98.  Abstract + ( 1928 )   PDF ( 428190KB )   ( 804 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The nutrition ingredients of 15 vegetables were studied, such as potato, kidney bean, carrot and tomato et al 【METHOD】in order to help people to develop a healthy diet plan. The content of the protein , vitamin C and the mineral element of 15 vegetables were tested indoor 【RESULTS】the content of protein of anise was the highest among the 15 vegetables, 7.77g/100g·FW g. The content of vitamin C is the highest in balsam pear 106.52 mg/100g·FW .The content of calcium of rape is the highest 6 .72g/100g·DW. The content of magnesium of carrot is the highest 56.09mg/100g·DW. The content of copper is the highest in cucumber 1.84mg/100g·DW. The content of zinc of lettuce is the highest 8.86mg/100g·DW.【CONCLUSION】In short, the content of protein, magnesium, copper and zinc were not to meet the people daily requirment. But in rape, cucumber and celery ,the content of calcium was high which could meet the people daily requirment.

  Study on the Stability of Viburum dilatatum Thunb Red Pigment Deng Sulan 2007, 23 (4):  101-101.  Abstract + ( 1258 )   PDF ( 540789KB )   ( 577 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Tried to find each factor which may have separate effect on keeping stability of Viburum dilatatum Thunb red pigment；【METHOD】Separate pigment effected by different method was determined by ultraviolet spectral photometer at 535 nm.;【RESULTS】This pigment is water soluble pigment which was stable below 75℃ and under pH﹤4, and was low sensitive to light flight condition, but the stability changed worse under cast light and reduction media. Fe3+ could alter the color of red pigment solution, caused precipitation and decreased its stability, but K+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Al3+, gluscose and sodium benzoate had little effect on the stability. benzoic acid sodium have certain effect to this pigment, but Carbohydrate碳水化合物 and Gallic acid 没食子酸 has little effect to this red pigment.【CONCLUSION】The stability of Viburum dilatatum Thunb red pigment changed worse under cast light and reduction media..

  The Assessment of Uncertainty of the Malachite Green Residues in Aquatic Product Shao Qiurong, Fang Xingyou, Zhang Qunlign, Duan Bing 2007, 23 (4):  105-105.  Abstract + ( 1428 )   PDF ( 120642KB )   ( 678 ) This article introduced the definition in measurement ,evaluation process and the evaluation method of uncertainty. Author analyzed the sources of uncertainty in determination of the malachite green residues in aquatic product. The expanded uncertainty was obtained.It is reference to evaluation of uncertainty.

  In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Water Extracts from Different Parts of Coptis Plants Tu Dawei Zhang Baoshun Li Xuegang 2007, 23 (4):  108-108.  Abstract + ( 1390 )   PDF ( 359341KB )   ( 539 ) Antioxidant Activity of Water Extracts from fiber root, leaf and flower of Coptis plant was studied. The result indicated that the water extracts from all parts of this plant exerted a relative strong antioxidant activity. The IC50 for hydroxyl free radical scavenging of the extracts from fibre, leaf and flower were 11.85, 7.21 and 11.22 mg/ml, respectively. Consequently, IC50 for hydrogen peroxide scavenging of the extracts were 0.8、0.76、and 1.07mg/ml, respectively. The fibre, leaf and flower with IC50 2.42, 1.77 and 2.76mg/ml, respectively, also showed strong ability to eliminate O2－·. Antioxidant Activities of the extracts increased when the extract concentration increased.

  Advances in Citrus Taxonomy and Evolution Li Xiaomeng,, Zhou Zhiqin, 2007, 23 (4):  112-112.  Abstract + ( 1592 )   PDF ( 213719KB )   ( 819 ) Citrus is one of the most important fruit tree crops and widely cultivated in the tropical and subtropical areas in the world. The existing Citrus taxonomy and evolutionary points of views are still controversial. In the present paper, the major classification systems and the current approaches and evidences used in the Citrus taxonomy and evolutionary study were reviewed. The advances made in the past decade were summarized in the hope of providing new information for future study.

  Advancement of U-box Protein Structure and Function Jin Miaojing, Liu Guozhen, Liu Qian, Li Liyun 2007, 23 (4):  119-119.  Abstract + ( 1613 )   PDF ( 153180KB )   ( 1401 ) The ubiquitin proteolytic system is an important selective proteolytic system of the celler proteolytic systems, a number of them were identified as a ubiquitin chain assembly factor-E4. The U-box protein is a new family ubiquitin-protein ligase(E3), which determine the substrate specificity of ubiquitination. The U-box is a domain of 70 amino acids that is highly conserved among yeast, plant and animals, but more U-box proteins were found in plants than in animals. This protein play an important role in the degradation of cellular abnormal proteins and protein quality control, functional study will be important step toward better understanding for disease genesis and control mechanisms.

  Research On the Measure of the Growth Quantity of Tea Plant SunYoufeng, LiuXin, JiangYuelin 2007, 23 (4):  124-124.  Abstract + ( 1659 )   PDF ( 403494KB )   ( 546 ) To measure sciencifically and precisely the growth quantity of tea plant shoot by some non-destructive indexes, SAS statistic software is used to fit the relationship between shoot weight and shoot length and the number of leaves of each shoot. The result shows that shot weight can be cluculated probably only by its shoot length ,that ,however, the fitting formula including shoot length,the number of leaves of shots and the length of buds is more precise sand advisable，that bud length is one independent index and it is unadvisable to include bud length in shoot length, The that .fitting formula are effected differentiently by soil water levers. So, in the experiments calculating the growth quantity of shoot by no picking, calculating formula should be fitted respectively according to different experinmental treatments.

  The Research Progress of Acacia Species Explant Propagation Chen Benxue, Lin Sizu, Ding Guochang, Xie Guoyang, Cao Guangqiu 2007, 23 (4):  127-127.  Abstract + ( 2043 )   PDF ( 694153KB )   ( 622 ) With well -adapting and well-feeding ability, Acacia species, a fast growing tree species, a plantation crop widely used in southern China, is an important tree species that is developed as a short-period industrial material forest in southern China. According to the research reports in recent years, this paper mainly states the application of Acacia species’ explant in tissue culture and rapid propagation and cutting propagation. On this basis, the suggestion of developing about the current application of explant propagation is put forward. And it provides references in solving the problems of nursery stock in the extention and application of Acacia species in China.

  The Inhibition of water extracts of Sorbus pohuashanensis fruit on seeds germination Wu Chao, Zheng Yongqi, Zheng Jian, Zhang Changhong, Zong Yichen 2007, 23 (4):  131-131.  Abstract + ( 1537 )   PDF ( 272057KB )   ( 696 ) Seed morphology and effects of water extracts of pulp, seed and decoated seed on germination of cabbage and wheat seeds were studied. The results showed that the pulp, seed and decoated seed contain soluble inhibiting substances and the content decreased as the increasing of soaking time. The inhibition substances in Sorbus pohuashanensis(Hance)Hedl fruit not only restrained the seeds of wheat, cabbage from germinating but also restrained height and root growth. After the seeds of wheat, chinese cabbage had been soaked in the water extraction of pulp, seed and decoated seed for 8h, the seed germination rates were 92% and 84%, 89% and 65%, 94% and 78%, lower than the control, especially the water extract of decoated seed; and the root length and seedlings height were lower than the control, especially the water extract of pulp, and decreased in sequence of soaking time from short to long. So the simplest and effective method to eliminate pulp soluble inhibiting substances is to wash fruits by flowing tap water soon after collection. The seed contains some substances that inhibit seed germination, and lead to low germination.

  Studies on Transplanting technology of tissue culture seedling of Polygonum cuspidatum Song Qingan,, Tong Fangping,, Yi Aiqing,, Ding Jie, Huang Zheng, Li Gui 2007, 23 (4):  135-135.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   PDF ( 621632KB )   ( 654 ) In order to accelerate develop of distill machining of Ploygonum cuspidatum sieb et zucc, advance survival rate of transplantation of Planted in tissue culture, debase cost for produce, the effects of survival rate experiment on tissue culture of Ploygonum cuspidatum sieb.et zucc was based on the different substratum, the different environmental condition and the different processing measure. The results showed: The garden surface soil with loosens and guarantees the water ability was advantageous for Ploygonum cuspidatum sieb et zucc transplantation, and in good growth condition, the survival rate reaches 93%, the high growth volume was 6.98cm and average leaf blade increase 4.86 pieces. The transplantation survival rate in intermittent atomization in greenhouse was higher than outside garden place, the survival rate reaches96.25%. But the nursery stock's growth planted outside the garden place was better than in the greenhouse. After the tissue cultivates seedling to transplant the shoe to cover the thin film to be possible to enhance the nursery stock the survival rate and the growth quantity, the survival rate could reaches 95%, there was no obvious difference in disinfection or not in cultivates the seedling of transplant survives of Ploygonum cuspidatum sieb et zucc. The survival rate of transplantation of Ploygonum cuspidatum sieb et zucc was higher in the washy and air humidity place.

  Analysis of Structure of Street Trees in urban area of Huangshan City Li Xiuqin, Zhang Guobin 2007, 23 (4):  139-139.  Abstract + ( 1493 )   PDF ( 704705KB )   ( 834 ) The street tree is an important part of urban forest. Study of the structure of the street trees help to urban planning and construction, provide basis to evaluate the function of the urban ecosystem service. On the basis of investigating on data of street trees of 15 main streets in urban area of Huangshan city, there were 24 tree species and 37 shrub species. The compositions, diameter structure, crown structure and species diversity of street trees in Huangshan city were analyzed. The results were as follows:1) The dominant species was obvious in the city; 2) The ratio of the trees with the diameter between 6~14cm to the total number of trees was 55.7%；3) The difference of crown width of street trees was obvious among the streets, there was the biggest crown width in Xinan North Road,11.31m and the least crown width in Tiandu Road,2.4m; 4) Species diversity went to two extremes between Binjiang Middle Road (H=2.6850) and Huangshan East Road (H=0.7498).

  Discussion on the Position and Functions of Ecological Agriculture in Developing the Agriculture of Quality and Benefit Type Guo Baosong 2007, 23 (4):  144-144.  Abstract + ( 1320 )   PDF ( 114406KB )   ( 441 ) In order to evaluated the status and role of eco-forest on quality and efficiency of agriculture in States Farms, aggregate development strategy of eco-forest for big agriculture, we classifying the focus farms, investigate ,comparison and analysis the data ,get the following results: the protection of the farmland shelterbelt can increased the average yield of wheat by about 15.4%, increased the average yield of soybean by about 14.7%; the input-output ratio of planting water conservation forest and soil and water conservation forest can reach 1:12 in one construction cycle; the profit of nursery is ten times of farmland for the same area; returning desertification infertile farmland to forest can turn loss to profit situation; farms increase efficiency and workers increase income through construct family forest farm and develop eco-economic forest. We proposed four projects and develop strategy to improve eco-forest. By way of comparison and analysis, we get conclusion that construct eco-forest system laid the foundation for develop quality and efficiency agriculture, make forestry industry gradually become a new economic growth point ,and becomes an increasingly important role in quality and efficiency agriculture, increasing employment ,and foster new economic growth points.

  Influence of Sowing Time on the Growth and Photosynthesis of Two Wheat Groups Zhou Ran, Yin Jun, Yang Zongqu 2007, 23 (4):  148-148.  Abstract + ( 1476 )   PDF ( 997240KB )   ( 718 ) The experiment was conducted to optimize the sowing time of different population of Yumai 18, Lankaoaizao 8, Zhoumai 18, Yumai 49 in Henan, and to research the effect of different sowing time on photosynthetic function and filling rate, Solar energy utilization efficiency, yield of its population. The results indicate: Sowing time influence growth and yield of wheat distinctively. To get fairly good standard about CAP, FV/Fo, Fv/Fm, population amount and solar energy utilization efficiency of population of wheat and to get abundant harvest, Yumai 18 and Lankaoaizao 8(spring wheat) are proper to sow on about 23rd Oct., and about 15th Oct. is the suitable time for sowing Zhoumai 18 and Yumai 49 (winter wheat).

  Stability Analysis for Main Traits of Different New Wheat Lines Stability Analysis for Main Traits of Different New Wheat Lines 2007, 23 (4):  154-154.  Abstract + ( 1562 )   PDF ( 883029KB )   ( 997 ) Investigation on stability of wheat main traits, including period of duration, plant height, number of ears per hectare, garins per ear, percentage of ears, 1000-grains weight and yield of five new mianyang-wheat lines were carried out using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model in different sites of Sichuan province. Objective of this study was to choose the optimum new wheat lines for Sichuan province. The results showed that effects of genotype on period of duration, plant height, garins per ear and 1000-grains weight were greater than that of environment and genotype by environment interaction (G×E), but the effects of environment on yield was greater than that of G×E and genotype, which percentage were 81.9%, 12.3% and 5.8%, respectively. The highest yield among genotypes at seven sites were MY1227-185（6093 kg/hm2）and ML2652（6082 kg/hm2）, while the lowest yield was Chuanmai107 (5202 kg/hm2), which were significant at 1% level. The best stability were (Di≤0.42) ML2652, ML1131-95 and MY1227-185, which higher than ML1403-84 (Di=0.45), MY68942 (Di=0.75) and Chuanmai-107 (Di=0.85). In consideration of main traits, stability and yield in five new wheat lines, MY1227-185 and ML2652 with the highest yield and stability could be recommend to improve wheat yield and stability of Sichuan province.

  Advances in Resources Intensive Utilization, Yield and Quality in intercropping or Relay Cropping Systems Ning Tangyuan, Jiao Nianyuan, An Yanyan, Zhao Chun, Shen Jiaxiang, Li Zengjia 2007, 23 (4):  159-159.  Abstract + ( 1561 )   PDF ( 144287KB )   ( 547 ) In the paper, the importance of intercropping and relay system to the foodstuff safety was briefly reviewed. And then the authors discussed the key progress in the studies of intercropping and relay system. First, the characteristic of solar radiation utilization of intercropping or relay cropping compound colony was reviewed, which indicated that intercropping and relay cropping system could increase the use efficiency of solar radiation by improving the photosynthesis ability, light capture and transformation. Second, the competition and complementation of nitrogen, phosphor, potassium and water and the mechanisms of higher use efficiency on resources were discussed. Finally, the effects on the yield and quality of each crop in intercropping or relay systems were summarized. Intercropping or relay cropping could increase the total yield by 20%~50%, which was achieved by reasonable planting density and compound colony structure. And the effects of different types intercropping and relay cropping system on qualities, such as the yield and content of protein, crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash and nitrogen free extract of organs and grain, were quite different. It also gave some suggestions to further studies on resources utilization, yield and quality of intercropping and relay cropping system, based on the argumentations above.

  The Innovation and Application of Rice Seedling-broadcasting with No-tillage (RSB-NT) Technology Zhang Mingpei 2007, 23 (4):  164-164.  Abstract + ( 1533 )   PDF ( 137938KB )   ( 565 ) The technique of no-tillage cast-transplanted rice is an innovative achievement in Guangxi farming. Accordingly, the extension and application of the innovative achievement is introduced in this paper. And the advantages and effect of the technique of no-tillage cast-transplanted rice is also analyzed. As a result, five countermeasures on the extension of new agricultural techniques are put forward on the basis of experiences of the successful practices.

  Regressive analysis on the effects of applying fertilizers and water on the quality of wheat Wang Hailong, Nie Junhua, Hou Lei 2007, 23 (4):  169-169.  Abstract + ( 1170 )   PDF ( 698566KB )   ( 609 ) The quality of wheat seeds is influenced not only by their own genotype, but also by the impact of cultivation. Among them, water and fertilizer are major contributing factors, they can change the quality of wheat. In order to detect the effect of irrigation, fertilizer, biological-organic fertilizer interaction on wheat quality. In medium fertile field, a method was adopted of stepwise regression of doubling screening to analyze the six factors of water and fertilizer affecting the quality of wheat, among which, the insignificant factors would be omitted and the significant ones reserved. Seven regressive prediction models were established, the results show all the seven factors are involved and the established models were used to return the measure so as to evaluate the subjective assessment index of the fabric handle exactly.

  Measuring Method of Anthocyanidin Relative Content in Brassica napus L Seed Coat Lin Beibei, Liang Ying 2007, 23 (4):  173-173.  Abstract + ( 1622 )   PDF ( 297945KB )   ( 654 ) In the coordinate Brassica napus L breeding work, the anthocyanidin relative content change was an important determination target. the author introduced a kind of improvement method of measuring anthocyanidin relative content in Brassica napus L seed coat .Compares with the commonly used HCl-methanol method, similarly did not need the standard sample, the cost is inexpensive, the determination simple quickly, simultaneously could in the effective elimination Brassica napus L seed coat the brown material to determine the result the disturbance, the obtained result could display the different luster accurately in the seed coat the anthocyanidin content change. pH differential method in simple, in quick foundation, determines the Brassica napus L seed coat anthocyanidin relative content to be more accurate, to be effective.

  Preliminary Studies on the Characteristics of the PTGMS Line Y58S Zhu Xiaoqi,, Deng Qiyun,, Chen Chunguang, Peng Fuyuan, Peng Ying, Zhuang Wen, Wu Wen 2007, 23 (4):  176-176.  Abstract + ( 1490 )   PDF ( 407113KB )   ( 634 ) Y58S is a new PTGMS line with wide ecological adaptability. It is suitable for developing new super hybrid rice combinations with wide adaptability and super high yield. The results showed that Y58S is characteristic of better agronomic characters, flowering habits, resistance, photosynthesis and ratooning ability compared with Pei’ai64s.

  Study on Chalkiness Characters and Endosperm Structures of the Main Parents’ Kernel of Hybrid Rice Kang Haiqi,, Chang Hongye 2007, 23 (4):  180-180.  Abstract + ( 1454 )   PDF ( 1993832KB )   ( 733 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 In allusion to the quality of hybrid rice kernel, we would like to study the relation of the chalkiness formation and the development of endosperm structure and starch granule of hybrid rice parents, so as to be convenient for the clarification of high chalkiness of hybrid rice. 【METHOD】 The chalkiness characters were investigated as GB/T17891-1999. The endosperm structure and starch granules were observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). 【RESULTS】 The results showed that the remarkable difference of chalkiness characters between maintainers and restorers of hybrid rice was grains with chalkiness (PGWC) and degree of endosperm chalkiness (DEC), while square of chalky endosperm (SCE) had no distinctive difference between maintainers and restorers. Chalkiness of maintainer was easily produced in the middle and abdomen of kernel, while that of restorer was only produced in the middle. The distribution uniformity of starch granule in the kernel transect correlated with chalkiness. The starch granule was more uniform, the chalkiness in kernel was much less. But the cuboid cells in endosperm were not the key parameter affecting chalkiness formation. Almost all of the maintainers and restorers could develop the starch granule in kernel backside all right and badness in middle kernel. The main difference of starch granule between maintainers and restorers was in abdomen of kernel, where starch granule developed well in restorers but badly in maintainers. 【CONCLUSION】 The chalkiness positions are different between maintainers and restorers of hybrid rice parents. It has an important relation with the starch distribution in endosperm. The heteroplasia of starch granules in center and abdomen of endosperm easily leads to come into being chalkiness. The development of starch granules is closely relevant to the transport way of filling materials.

  The Current Conditions and Developing Countermeasures of the Fresh Eating Maize Industry Teng Hongfei, Di GangXia 2007, 23 (4):  189-189.  Abstract + ( 1432 )   This paper has analyzed the current conditions of the Fresh Edible Maize industry, Now there was a good outset of the characteristic the Fresh Edible Maize industrialization. The production of the fresh waxy maize had a big scale, planting area of the fresh maize was expanded 2000hm2;high quality new varieties were introduced into、demonstrated and extended uninterruptedly, planting the waxy(sweet) maize had got a higher efficiency than others; adopting production technique was perfect gradually, in a word the fresh maize production had emerged its great predominance from the regional agricultural industry in our county. Simultaneously the problems were analyzed briefly on the development of the fresh maize industry, and put the developing strategies to solve them. Firstly, propagandize widely, enhance the famous of the Fresh Edible Maize industry in our county. Secondly stabile and improve the level of the construction of the fresh maize base. Thirdly, optimize industry structure, improve the comprehensive production capacity. Lastly, speed up the industrialized exploitation of the fresh maize, extend its industry chain.

  Effects of Maize Roborant and Uniconazole on Plant Height and Yield of Hybrid Maize Zhenghong 311 in Panxi Region Chen Zeng, Ke Yongpei, Yuan Jichao, Shi Haichun, Duan Bikang, Xie Bing, Yang Shimin 2007, 23 (4):  190-190.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 292086KB )   ( 596 ) The effects of maize roborant and uniconazole on plant height and grain yield of hybrid maize Zhenghong311 were investigated through field experiment in high altitude region of Panxi. The results were as follows: Maize roborant applied at small bell-mouth stage had significant effects of reducing plant height of 12.1%~24.5%, and ear height of 13.5%~16.0% respectively. However, the grain yields were decreased along with 6.7%~8.9% at the same time. It was found that the relationship between plant height and grain yield was quadratic protruding function. As a result, the grain yield is the highest while plant height optimum.

  The Characteristic Analysed of new Wheat Variety Xiaoyan 597 Derived from Distant Hybridization Zhang Rongqi, Chen Chunhuan, Zhao Xiaonong 2007, 23 (4):  193-193.  Abstract + ( 1546 )   PDF ( 292279KB )   ( 528 ) High-yield stability and adaptability are prerequisite to good wheat varieties. Only a variety with characters of high-yield stability and adaptability can be applied to production for a long period, and brings good social and economic benefits. Based on the data of wheat variety regional tests of high fertility group in Guanzhong irrigated area, Shaanxi province from 1997 to 1999, high-yield, stability and adaptability of Xiaoyan 597 were analysed with high stability coefficient and regression coefficient. The results showed that the high steady coefficient of Xiaoyan 597 in the three years is 12.2%, 11.3% and 19.0% respectively, and lower than the contrast. The regression coefficient of Xiaoyan 597 in the three years is 0.84, 1.00 and 0.95 respectively. It is demonstrated that Xiaoyan 597 is better in high-yield and stability than the contrast. It has broad adaptability.

  Studies on the Efficiencies of Seed production of MS F1 oriental Tobacco Zhang Chendong 2007, 23 (4):  196-196.  Abstract + ( 1283 )   PDF ( 329823KB )   ( 504 ) To solve the problems of oriental tobacco hybrid seeds production, some major factors relating cost and efficiency at crossing and pollination stage were studied. The results showed that pollination in different florescence had various influences on the percentage of seeding and fruiting. In the aspect of crossing success rate, it got higher burliness rate and lower wage cost for only one time of artificial pollination after the central flower of 60% plants florescence. In a method of three times of pollination with 3~5 days interval after 40% central flowers florescence, it got ceiling amount of seeds at, whereas efficiency of seeds production was lower than the former. Another was four times of pollination after 20% central flowers florescence leading to higher wage cost and poor efficiency of seeds production. Burliness rate varied not too much in same day at different time for hand pollination, but higher weight of thousand grain and more seeds per capsule were obtained, crossing at the time of 16:30~18:30, as well as seed output of average single plant was markedly increased. Therefore, the selection of starting the artificial pollination with two times after 40% central flowers florescence could not only raise the blossom utilization and acquire higher seed yield of average single plant, but wage cost was reasonable. The pollination time should be chosen at the time of 16:30~18:30 when not only would the seeds be replete, but the capsule seed quantity be abundant and high seed yield for definite area be prospective.

  Analysis Synthesize of Cultivation Technique on Qingtian 1 Sweet Corn Variety Yao Zhilong 2007, 23 (4):  199-199.  Abstract + ( 1374 )   PDF ( 982129KB )   ( 718 ) Under the dry term in the east of Gansu, The cultivated tests on the fertilizer effect, density and different stages of Qingtian 1 were carried out. The results indicated that applying 105kg/hm2 nitrogen and 75kg/hm2 phosphorus fertilizer is the most economic and rational; applying 45000kg/hm2 farm manure with phosphorus as base fertilizer, two thirds nitrogen as seed manure and one third nitrogen as topdressing is more economic and rational;the best planting density is 67500 zhu/hm2, the transplanting style after growing seedlings in small arch greenhouse in early spring and the multiple cropping style after rape stubble should be extended over large areas, the multiple cropping style after wheat stubble should be extended in the southern rivers rigions of this locality.

  Advance in Polyphenol Oxidases (PPO) of Common Wheat Yang Fengping, Liang Rongqi 2007, 23 (4):  209-209.  Abstract + ( 1667 )   PDF ( 176775KB )   ( 586 ) The color of wheat flour is the main effect factor of wheat milling quality and wheat based end-product, especially the oriental foods, such as noodle, steamed bread, Jiaozi and pancake, prefer to the flour with high whiteness. Polyphenol oxidases directly associate with the darkening in wheat flour and its processing and storing. Meanwhile, total PPO activity of wheat kernel was controlled by the genetic variation and expression difference of PPO genes, and then their kinds and activity affect the whiteness of wheat flour directly or indirectly. In this paper, the advances in biochemical characters, distribution, genetic properties of wheat polyphenol oxidases, and their relationships with flour quality were reviewed. The breeding strategies for high whiteness wheat varieties were discussed.

  Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rosmarinus offficinalis under Different Soil Water Conditions Yu Tianhong Chen xun Liu Guodao Yao Qingqun Yuan Jiangping 2007, 23 (4):  215-215.  Abstract + ( 1436 )   PDF ( 448728KB )   ( 675 ) Diurnal dynamics of photosynthesis characterics under 4 different soil water conditions were monitored using Potable CI-301PS photosyntheticsystem. The results summarized as follows: the curves of diurnal variation in transpiration rate and stomatal conductance in the four treatments had one peak, and all the peaks values happened at 12:00. The curve of diurnal variation in net photosynthetic rate of the four treatment were double peaks, and an obvious midday depressions at about15:00~16:00. The diurnal variation of water used efficiency were many peaks. Analysis of variance indicated that the Pn, Tr and Cond under humid condition and semiarid condition were significant higher than that under drought condition, and the WUS under saturated water condition were significant lower than other three treatments. Correlation analysis show that the Pn and Tr had significant correlation with light intensity and temperature, and significant negative correlation with relative humidity.

  Study on Photosynthesis Effect of Shading Potato Light Li Peihua,, Peng Xu 2007, 23 (4):  220-220.  Abstract + ( 1712 )   PDF ( 1454655KB )   ( 822 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The paper discuss the photosynthesis effect of shading light on different growth potato phase, including the change and relationship of net photosynthesis(Pn), transpiration(Tr), stomatal conductance(Gs), internal CO2(CO2), temperature of leaf(Tleaf), chlorophyll content; The contribution of photosynthesis to the upper level position leaf, middle level position leaf, lower level position leaf. 【METHOD】The experiment of shading potato adopt two ways. Nine treatments is made up of two levels and four terms, additional one CK. 【RESULTS】During the potato bulging phase, the rate of 40%, 65%light permeation conduce to depress internal CO2, transpiration is lower than CK too. On the contrary, photosynthesis(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), seeding amount of potato, commodity rate potato, chlorophyll content boosted. Shading potato in seedling phase hasn’t much effect, it just delays the time of procreation. Shading potato hasn’t obvious effect when the starch accumulates. The rate of 65% light permeation decrease production. The rate of 40% light permeation decrease production obviously. Shading potato causes stem becoming slim, while stem is stronger enough under natural condition.【CONCLUSION】Production of potato benefit from shading potato during the potato bulging phase.

  Hormonal Interactions in the Control of Plant Stem Elongation Ye Meirong, Zhu Changhua, Gan Lijun, Xia Kai 2007, 23 (4):  228-228.  Abstract + ( 1812 )   PDF ( 116601KB )   ( 1035 ) Plant stem elongation is regulated and controlled by a lot of exogenous and endogenous factors. One of endogenous factors is plant hormonal, for example gibberellin (GA), auxin et al, which is important to promoted stem elongation. Plant stem elongation is dominated not only by the level of hormonal but also by hormonal interactions. Surveys and advances in research on hormonal interactions were summarized in this paper, for example, auxin (Indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) and GA, auxin and brassinosteroid (BR), GA and BR, auxin and ethylene (ETH), in the control of plant stem elongation.

  Effect of Control soil Water Content on Vegetable Yield and the Characteristic of Water Drainage in Vegetable Filed Yu Hongmei 2007, 23 (4):  232-232.  Abstract + ( 1428 )   PDF ( 775431KB )   ( 885 ) 【Objective】The objective of this study was to explore the effect of the different soil water content on vegetable yield and water drainage amount in vegetable field, and to proved a firm scientific foundation for water management in vegetable product.【Method】A field experiment was conducted in an intensively irrigated vegetable field for three consecutive years. Soil water content was monitored using TDR and water drainage amount was calculated by field orientation flux method, field water drainage and vegetable yield was compared under the different water treatments. 【Result】Field water drainage was 982 mm and 230 mm and 468 mm respectively in the throughout experiment, were 748 mm and 144 mm and 293 mm that was of 36% and 9% and 17% of applied water amount during vegetable growth period under traditional and improved and filled water treatments. Yield of vegetable was no significant different under the different water treatments but was lower in the traditional than that of the others water treatment and was significant different during the period of Cauliflower in 2002. 【Conclusion】In vegetable product extended value was very high for improved water management that soil water moisture was kept between 50% and 80% of plant-extractable soil water in the rooting zone of the vegetable plants.

  The Accumulation of Installing Soil Soluble Salts and Nutrients in Shanxi Province Wu Zhonghong, Liu Fenglan 2007, 23 (4):  237-237.  Abstract + ( 1377 )   PDF ( 436379KB )   ( 676 ) The content of soil soluble salts and nutrients in the primer installing agriculture area has been determined in Shanxi province. The results show that content of soil soluble salts, available nutrients and EC volume was higher than open-land soil. The soil pH volume decreased and content of organic matter was increased just over compared to open-land soil. The content of soil total nutrients some was increased, some was decreased. The content of soil soluble salts was critical state that secondary salts and physiological hindrance of crop. The soil properties should be paying attention such as the content of organic matter was lower, the nutrients N and P increased and K decreased in the soil nutrient storage, and the “carrier ” phenomena by fertilizer was used in large quantities.

  Phosphate-solubilizing Bacteria in Rhizosphere and its Effect on Plant Growth Shao Yufang, Fan Mingshou, Wu En, Zheng Hongli, Shao Jinwang 2007, 23 (4):  241-241.  Abstract + ( 1706 )   PDF ( 123584KB )   ( 609 ) The research progress on phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were reviewed in aspects of species diversity, quantity, distribution, phosphate- solubilizing ability and the effects on plant growth in the paper. The results from many researches showed that phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are common in soil, and their amount and species number in rhizosphere are greater than in bulk soil. Most phosphate rock can be resolved by the PSB, and it hence provides bioavailable phosphorus for plant. In addition to solving rock phosphate, PSB also promotes plant growth, this has been proven to be due to excretion of plant hormones by PSB. Respective research area was also put forward at the end of this paper.

  Study on the Influence of Propionylbrassinolide to Wheat Yield Wang Jiangzhu, Pei Jingzu, Cui Yanhong 2007, 23 (4):  245-245.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   PDF ( 396984KB )   ( 660 ) The weight of wheat grain, kernel number per spike and output of per unit area was significant increased by applying Propionylbrassinolide (Epocholeone) before and after blooming. 10% wheat output was increased by applying 0.003% Propionylbrassinolide (Epocholeone) 3000 fold solution before and after blooming. The ratio of cost and benefit was 1:6.5~9.6. The output and benefit was increased siginificantly.

  The Analysis of the Farming Soil Quality Conditions in the Changxing City which in the North of Zhejiang Province Yu Chunlan, Pan jianqing, Fen zhongfu 2007, 23 (4):  248-248.  Abstract + ( 1374 )   PDF ( 250336KB )   ( 535 ) Through the soil sampling diagnosis, we discuss the condition of the farming soil quality of Changxing city which in the north of Zhejiang province.And we have found that the quality of the soil fertility has changed. The content of soil ulmin,and the entire nitrogen have slightly rise; compares to 20 years ago , the average content of soil effective phosphorus has slightly increased,but the condition that the soil lack of the phosphorus is still obviously;Athough the content of fast-acting potassium has slightly down,it still stand in a low level,so the soil can’t satisfies the needs of the plant normal live.The soil acidification became the soil degenerate new question.The change of soil fertility quality is related to the fertilizer structure,and the change of planter system ,and the change of industrial development and so on in the recent 20 years.

  Effect of Mixing Silicon with Phosphate to the Forms of Inorganic Phosphorus in Drab Soil Yang Dan, Zhang Baodong, Li Xin, Ma Nan, Zhang Huijin, Gu Xia, Zhang Xu,Yan Li 2007, 23 (4):  251-251.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   PDF ( 573956KB )   ( 508 ) Effect of mixing silicon with phosphate in different proportion on the forms of inorganic phosphorus was studied through cultural experiment in drab soil. The results show: In the day of culture, the translation of the available phosphate and Ca2-P reduces rapidly, but the translation of Ca8-P, Ca10-P, O-P, Al-P, Fe-P increases in the days from 0 to 20. Along with time extension, the drop trend of the content of the available phosphate and Ca2-P slows down, the content of Ca8-P and Al-P continues to increase, the content of O-P and Fe-P begin to drop, the content of Ca10-P does not change. Comparing the treatments of mixing silicon with phosphate in different proportion with the treatments of only phosphate, the content of the available phosphate and Ca2-P and Fe-P decreases. The content of Al-P and O-P increases. In the treatments of mixing silicon with phosphate in different proportion, the raising of the proportion of silicon with phosphate can make the available phosphate and Ca2-P and Fe-P and Al-P and O-P to reduce, the content of Ca8-P increase, and has little effect on Ca10-P. The experiment indicates: mixing silicon with phosphate cannot improve the available of P, but reduce the available in drab soil.

  Effects of Hot Treatment on the Storage Characteristic and Chilling Injury of Postharvest Pepper Cheng Shunchang,, Ren Xiaolin 2007, 23 (4):  255-255.  Abstract + ( 1334 )   PDF ( 605211KB )   ( 605 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The objective of this experiment is to study the effect of hot treatment on chilling injury of Pepper in order to offer the base of both theory and application for the cold storage of the pepper;【METHOD】Pepper was treated by the hot water, we studied the effect of hot treatment on the storage characteristic and chilling injury of Pepper; 【RESULTS】The rot index of peppers were inhibited by hot treatments and the rot rate of which were 37.5% than CK after 30d. On the one hand POD and CAT activity decrease was inhibited by hot treatment , this could improved the membrane, reduced the incidence of chilling injury; On the other hand PPO activity increase was inhibited, this benefited to reduced the incidence of fruit decay and brown, prolonged storage period of pepper. In the same time hot treatment could prevented ethylene production and rate of water loss, but no effect on the respiration rate;【CONCLUSION】Chilling injury was observably inhibited by the hot treatment during the cold storage. Post-harvest physiology of pepper was held back and its quality was maintained by hot treatment.

  Biological Effects of 4 Organic Manures on Potted Grapevines Wang Xiaodi,, Wang Haibo, Qin Dong, Zhai Heng 2007, 23 (4):  260-260.  Abstract + ( 1520 )   PDF ( 507565KB )   ( 615 ) In order to discuss the biological effect on grape of different kinds of organic manures, we searched four organic manures for the affections of the growth and the microcosm around rhizine of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) potted. The results indicated that the amount of bacterium and actinomycets in soil around rhizine was distinctly increased by applying manures, but the increase of the amount of fungi is not marketable. Furthermore, all the manures promoted the development and growth of grape new roots clearly. It was found that various manures significantly increased the plant total weight and various organ weight contact to the control. Applying green manure increases the amount of bacterium and actinomycets in soil around rhizine hundreds of times, increases the number of new roots clearly, develops stem diameter, significantly raises the starch and soluble sugar content of transport root and 1,2- year-old branch. The effect of applying sheep manure was the second. While applying chook manure develops the growth of the grape, not good at the enhancement of the soluble sugar and starch content, and also enhances the amount of the fungi in soil. Applying dairy manure on the microsom is very little, but can enhance the growth of the grape. Overall, it could be concluded that green manure is the best.

  Heat Tolerance Identification of Five Varieties of Salvia Splendens Dong Aixiang, Hao Baogang, Zhang Xixi, Zhang Huali 2007, 23 (4):  265-265.  Abstract + ( 1875 )   PDF ( 1580671KB )   ( 562 ) Salvia splendens is used widely in landscape. It will be hot summer in Beijing when the Olympic Game opens in August 2008. Using heat tolerant varieties is one of the effective measures. The chlorophyll content, conductivity, malondialdehyde and proline content of 5 varieties of Salvia splendens such as 1120#, 12#, 73# and two introduced varieties Vista and Scarlet Queen under the heat stress were investigated. The results showed that as the heat treatment prolonged, the varieties Vista and Scarlet Queen’s chlorophyll content drop fastest, cell membrane injury rate went up fastest, MDA content was the highest, proline content increase was the smallest. Therefore they were both not heat tolerant varieties, while varieties 1120#, 12# and 73# we bred have better heat tolerance than the introduced varieties. And the difference between our varieties and introduced varieties was proved in the potted flower production in the summer of Beijing. So varieties 1120#, 12# and 73# were suggested when grow Salvia splendens in hot summer.

  Study of Application of the Ornamental Plant of Milkweed Family Xue qiuhua, Hu lili 2007, 23 (4):  270-270.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   PDF ( 1249771KB )   ( 649 ) The ornamental plant of milkweed family was liken by people with its unusual of flower,its elegant of vine. By searching and looking up ample information and books associated with plant taxonomy, the author summarizes species, morphological features, ecological habits and main application of ornamental plants from Asclepiadaceae, and chiefly introduces its ornamental characteristics in garden application, medical and economic value with a view to providing a reference for its development. With excellent leaves and flowers, plant in Asclepiadaceae is a good material for suspension and vertical greening.

  Landscape Characters of Catalpa bungei and Their exploitation and Application Tang Ling, Jiang Weibing, Weng Mangling 2007, 23 (4):  276-276.  Abstract + ( 1496 )   PDF ( 510123KB )   ( 817 ) Catalpa bungei C.A.Mey. and C.fargesii Bur., usually known as ‘the king among trees’, are valuable timber and famous ornamental tree species endemic to China, with a long utilizing history. However, the excessively cut for utilizing, as well as difficulties in breeding, results in not only shrinking in forest resources, but also restriction of the application of gardening in the urban and rural areas. According to the relative literatures, the paper gives a brief commentary on the main biological, ecological, ornamental characters and economic value etc. in order to promote their exploitation and application. It summarizes the cultural connotations of Catalpa bungei. and C. fargesii, such as ‘the witness of history , excellency of wood quality and tree posture , a auspicious symbol and a age-old history as medical plant’. In addition, the paper states main ways of their applications in landscaping, such as urban greening, road greening, forest-crop intercropping, ‘four sides’ greening, building eco-economic forests ect.. At last, based on the existing problems in the exploitation and use of this kind of tree currently, some countermeasures are presented, such as breed new varieties, enlarging the cultivation area of seedlings, enhancing the research of plant disposition and extending applications in urban gardening.

  Primary Report of Experiment of Substrate Optimization of Pot-strawberry Liu xiangru, Yin kelin ,Qianchun, Cai jiaqi, Zhang yuanyuan ,Rui chunmei 2007, 23 (4):  281-281.  Abstract + ( 1685 )   PDF ( 494235KB )   ( 790 ) This experiment goal for optimizating the best soilless substrate of pot-strawberry, adapt pot-strawberry factorization production technical system, provides the practice and the theory basis for the correlation gardening plant soilless cultivation research and the factorization production. The trial studied the effect of growing and bearing in Toyonoka (Fragaria×Ananassa Duch)by different treatment with 11 combinations of sand, perlite, coal dreg and peat. One-Samples T Test results has evaluated the different substrate combination though the weighted average. We optimizated three better combinations, peat :coal dreg(volume ratio 1:1),perlite : coal dreg (1:1)and perlite :sand: coal dreg(1:1:1)

  Analysis of Browning Characteristic in Pear Fruits Dong Jianhan, Wang Ran, Gong Jingjing, Zhang Yuchao, Wang Chengrong 2007, 23 (4):  285-285.  Abstract + ( 1565 )   PDF ( 577254KB )   ( 576 ) The enzymatic browning and physio-biochemical changes of Whangkeumbae、Daxiangshui and Xinli No.7 were studied during the late storage. The activities of enzymes including Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO), Superoxide Dismutase(SOD), Catalase(CAT), Peroxidase (POD) and the contents of soluble protein, phenolics contents and varieties in the pericarp, sarcocarp and core of the pear fruits were measured. The results showed that the contents of chlorogenic acid was the main phenolics in pear fruit, the fruit browning was related to the contents of phenolics and PPO activity, especially the distribution in the different parts of the pear fruit. The highest of content of phenol and PPO activity among the tested parts were in the core of fruit in Whangkeumbae. CAT activity gradually decreased from the pericarp to the core of fruit and POD activity was much higher in the pericarp than that in other parts. No marked relationship between SOD activity and browning was observed.

  Effects Of 60Co—γ Irradiation On Main Quality Indices And Biological Characters Of Gladiolus hybridus Hort Han Shangwen, Zhang Xian 2007, 23 (4):  289-289.  Abstract + ( 1515 )   PDF ( 577641KB )   ( 674 ) Gladiolus hybridus Hort was irradiated with 60Co—γ to understand the change of main quality indices and biological characters. 6 groups gladiolus bulbs were irradiated by 0、25、50、75、100、150GY 60Co—γ respectively. Then plant them and observe the main quality indices and biological characters. The results showed: the gladiolus’ heteromorphosis increased along with the increase of radiation dosage, but low dosage radiation could promote germination, the number of leaves and the height of plant. It was better for the plant growth at 25GY,the irradiation at the does of 75GY gain the most variation, and at 100~150GY the growth indices all goes down obviously. The proper dose of 60Co—γ ray of gladiolus is 75GY.

  The application of plant landscape-making in the modern city landscape design Dong Xiuchun, Fan Jinhui, Li Jing, Li Qing, Guo Wei 2007, 23 (4):  293-293.  Abstract + ( 1396 )   PDF ( 86065KB )   ( 620 ) The traditional plant landscape-making emphasized vision effect. However, with the development of ecotype landscape, lots of meanings were endued on the plant landscape-making. Here, beginning with the concept of plant landscape-making, we discussed characters of it in the modern city landscape design, and studied some primary forms of landscape-making. In addition, we had put forward several questions existed on plant landscape-making, and given advice and solved measures. Finally, we considered that plant landscape-making should combine with bionomics protect, then make the economy benefit, society benefit and bionomics benefit come true farthest between the limit space and environment resource.

  Research of Compost Fermentation Treatment on Volvariella Volvacea Cultivation Effects Jiang Bingkun 2007, 23 (4):  296-296.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   PDF ( 316804KB )   ( 609 ) A research of the cultivation treatments of the commonly used compost fermentations on Volvariella Volvacea production was made in this paper by comparison with the cultivation of raw ingredients. They are zymotechnics of water-logged compost, twice regular zymotechnics and simple twice zymotechnics. The result shows that the cultivation effects of above three are better than that of the cultivation of raw ingredients, among which the simple twice zymotechnics is the best. The advantages of the simple twice zymotechnics lie in the characters of the cultivation materials, the growth of mycelia, the control of plant diseases and insect pests, the output of Volvariella Volvacea and the production cost. All these indicate that simple twice zymotechnics is a relatively reasonable compost treatment in Volvariella Volvacea cultivation.

  Aesthetic Conception Researches in the Traditional Planting Design He Xiaojuan 2007, 23 (4):  299-299.  Abstract + ( 1365 )   PDF ( 87561KB )   ( 470 ) Landscape architecture development is based on cultural background and influenced by some aesthetic conceptions. According to systematical analyses, the author supposes there are natural aesthetic conception and ecological aesthetic conception in traditional planting design. We hope to have a more profound understanding of modern aesthetic conception, and to specifically guide the application of the theory and promote the developing of modern planting design.

  Identification of the physiological races of rice blast fungus in Anhui province Chen Li, Su Xianyan, Ding Kejian 2007, 23 (4):  302-302.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   PDF ( 768743KB )   ( 554 ) The pathogenicity of rice blast fungus has an obvious differentiation, and there are many physiological races, which vary frequently. That is one of the most primary reasons that results in the comedown of the resistance of rice variety, which become sensitive to rice blast disease, sequentially. Three hundreds and eight monoconidial isolates were obtained from rice blast specimens collected from Anhui province in 2002. The physiological races of the isolates were identified with seven Chinese differential rice cultivars in vivo and in vitro; the results showed that the conclusion of identification in vivo and in vitro is substantial agreement. There are eight group physiological races in Anhui province, that is ZA、ZB、ZC、ZD、ZE、ZF、ZG and ZH, respectively. The dominating group was ZB, and the dominating physiological races were ZB13 and ZB15. The physiological races of Pyricularia grisea occurred differently on various rice cultivars. The effects of keeping rice-leaves fresh of Benzimidazole, 6-BA, IAA and NAA were tested and the results were that the effect of 6-BA was the best which could keep the leaves fresh for 13 days, and it did not inhibit the disease potential, so 6-BA is adapted for inoculating the rice blast fungus in vitro.

  Control Effect of New Plant Growth Regulator against Tobacco Mosaic Virus Diseases Wu Xiaoliang, Ding Wei, Liu Ronghua, Zou Xiaoke 2007, 23 (4):  307-307.  Abstract + ( 1916 )   PDF ( 465614KB )   ( 632 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The main object of this article was to develop and creat new antiviral pesticide for controlling tobacco virus diseases, consequently it could provide guidance to control tobacco mosaic virus diseases during tobacco production process【METHOD】The experiment treatments were Brassinolide 400×, 8% Ninnanmycin AS 800× and CK, respectively, each treatment replicated 3 times, the design of random block【RESULTS】The field experiments on controlling tobacco and cucumber mosaic virus diseases were fulfilled to validate the control efficacy of the plant growth regulator (Brassinolide) and Ninnanmycin, in Qian-jiang tobacco growing area, Chongqing. The result showed that both of the pesticides had inhibitory effect to tobacco mosaic virus diseases and had the effect of accelerating tobacco growth, of which the mean control efficacy were both about 70%【CONCLUSION】Brassinolide not only had the ability of the plant growth regulator to accelerate tobacco growth, but also was an ideal pesticide to control tobacco mosaic virus .

  The Disease Survey and pathogen Isolation of Tobacco Bacterial Wilt in Yunnan Province, China Liu Yong, Qin Xiyun, Wang Min,, Liu Yuejing, Zhu Mingliang, Ji Guanghai, Zhang Shirong 2007, 23 (4):  311-311.  Abstract + ( 1759 )   PDF ( 440526KB )   ( 817 ) From 2004 to 2006, tobacco bacterial wilt disease survey and pathogen isolation were carried out in Yunnan province. In Wenshan prefecture the marjor tobacco plant county, such as wenshan, Yanshan, Guangnan, Xichou and Malipo county, 86.3% disease plant with lower stem black necrotic affect bacterial wilt, 27.7% affect black shank, among 14% plant mixed effect bacterial wilt and black shank. 219 strains of Ralstonia solanacearum are isolated from 258 samples gathered from 12 counties of Yunnan provinces. The pathogen backward inoculation test and ELISA test show that tobacco lower stem black necrotic in Wenshan and Baoshan prefecture is mostly associated with tobacco bacterial wilt, partial with black shank.

  Studies on Structure of Arthropod Communities in Cabbage Fields Sang Zhi, Miao Yong, Chen Shuren, Sun Meimei, Liu Huijuan 2007, 23 (4):  315-315.  Abstract + ( 1297 )   PDF ( 655209KB )   ( 564 ) Based on a systematic field investigation, the structure of arthropod communities in cabbage fields in the suburbs of Hefei was studied. The results showed that there were 21 species of arthropods, including 10 species of insect pests and 11 species of natural enemies .The major dominant species of insect pests were Pieris rapae and Lipaphis erysimi and the major dominant species of predatory enemies were Sittius sinensis and Theridium graminicola. Pieris rapae distributed mainly on heart leaves and back of inner leaves of cabbage plant, and Lipaphis erysimi distributed widely in cabbage plants. Sittius sinensis and Theridium graminicola distributed mainly on back of outer leaves of cabbage plants .The diversities of the communities were relatively stable in time sequence. The principal factor affecting the diversities was species evenness

  Identification and Detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus Huang Jing,,Liao Furong, Lin Shiming, Chen Qing, Wang Zonghua 2007, 23 (4):  318-318.  Abstract + ( 1469 )   PDF ( 644754KB )   ( 734 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Fast identification and detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV）is the key way to control its further spreading.【METHOD】 To establish procedure of identification and detection, mechanical inoculation, transmission electron microscopy, double antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were applied in this study. 【RESULTS】CGMMV was detected in a cucumber sample which collected from a greenhouse in Nanning city , Guangxi province. By optimizing the RT-PCR reaction system and amplification procedures, immuno-capture RT-PCR（IC-RT-PCR）method was then established. 【CONCLUSION】The results showed that IC-RT-PCR is not only simplify the extraction of RNA but also decline the demand of sample. IC-RT-PCR is specific, simple and convenient, and could be used as a rapid and efficient detection method for CGMMV diagnosis.

  Impacts of Invasive Alien Weed Solidago canadensis L. on Microbial Population in the Root Soil Shen Lihua,, Guo Qiongxia, Li Wenxiong,, Chen Yin, Huang Zhen 2007, 23 (4):  323-323.  Abstract + ( 1904 )   PDF ( 641176KB )   ( 765 ) studies were conducted on microbial flora in the root soil of invasive alien weed Solidago canadensis L. and Solidago decurrens Lour. The results indicated that allelopathic weed Solidago canadensis L. had a significant influence on the microbial flora. Solidago canadensis L. caused greater reduction on the number of fungi compared with the blank. The reverse was true on bacteria and actinomycetes. While native weed Solidago decurrens Lour. inhibited the growth of fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes. Further analysis indicated that the root exudates of Solidago canadensis L. promoted the number of nitrite bacteria, aerobic azotobacter, sulphate reducer, ammonifier and aerobic cellulose-decomposer. But the growth of denitrifier, anaerobic cellulose-decomposer and desulphate reducer were inhibited by the invasive alien weed. Finally, the ecologic mechanisms that may influence the diffuse of invasive alien plant were also discussed.

  The Analysis of Bottlenecks Restriction and Gambling Relations on the Circular Agriculture Development Hu Cuixia, Jiang Fazhu, Zhao Peng 2007, 23 (4):  328-328.  Abstract + ( 1341 )   PDF ( 154012KB )   ( 535 ) The circular agriculture is the inevitable trend of the agriculture development, through the analysis of bottlenecks restriction and gambling relations on the circular agriculture development, in order to overcome each kind of barrier factor in the circular agricultural development process, and clear the investment main body and the development goal of the circular agriculture. The article analyses the gambling relations of the circular agricultural major investor and produced results on the basis of analyzing the circular agriculture bottlenecks of society, economy and nature feasibility, and then proposing the measure to develop the circular agriculture.

  Trends and Advances of Research on Vegetation Rehabilitation Techniques in Mountain Areas Wang Hong, Zhang Aijun, Zhou Damai, Zhang Ruifang 2007, 23 (4):  332-332.  Abstract + ( 1380 )   PDF ( 87849KB )   ( 532 ) Mountainous area, Vegetation restoration, Progress

  Progress of Ecology Decline and Ecology Reconstruction Chen Enbo 2007, 23 (4):  335-335.  Abstract + ( 1069 )   PDF ( 111232KB )   ( 527 ) The normal natural ecosystem occurs degradation due to the interferences of human activities and nature. Recently, researches of recovering and reconstructing the degradation ecological system have been gradually deepened. Progress made in research and problems existed were summarized, such as the causes and main types of ecological degradation, the characteristics of degradation ecosystem as well as the reconstruction of ecological system, etc.

  Study on Landscape Structure and Fractal of the Dumping Place in Antaibao Opencast Coal Mine Bi Rutian, Bai Zhongke, Ye Baoying, Li Hua 2007, 23 (4):  339-339.  Abstract + ( 1685 )   PDF ( 459938KB )   ( 547 ) According to vegetation cover and terrain division, five dumping places of reclamation area in Antaibao opencast coal mine is divided into eights basic landscape types, including farming, pure grass vegetation, mixed vegetation of grass and shrubs, mixed vegetation of some shrubs type, mixed vegetation of arbors and grass, mixed vegetation of arbors and shrubs, new reclamation land and degenerated place, amounts to 496 patch. 3S technology and the fractal theory are used on the analysis to the landscape structure, and fractal property of landscape structure is discussed. Result shown: value of fractal dimension is a comprehensive index, which reflect the changes of landscape, patch areas, patch numbers, area per patch, and their interaction. And the index can reflect the irregular degree and the complex degree of landscape patch in dumping place. The fractal dimension of mixed vegetation of arbors – shrubs and mixed vegetation of shrubs maintain the high level, while fractal dimension of new reclamation land and grass land are low. The difference of other type landscape fractal dimension is not significant. Vegetation landscape is influenced by many kinds of factors. It is primarily influenced by surface material composition and terrain in south and west dumping place, which diversity index is high. It is primarily influenced by vegetation type in inner dumping place and expanded west dumping place. The landscape multiplicity index of the mixed vegetation of grass and shrubs is higher than other landscape type, but landscape dominance index of this area maintains on the lower level. The primary landscape process of south, west and expanded west dumping places are controlling soil erosion and increasing vegetation cover. It should develop ecological agriculture and highly effective agriculture that make a harmonious development in economy benefit, ecology benefit and social benefit in inner dumping place.

  Climate Change and Its Impacts in Northeast China Ju Hui, Xiong Wei, Xu Yinlong, Lin Erda 2007, 23 (4):  345-345.  Abstract + ( 1889 )   PDF ( 145088KB )   ( 561 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The temperature increased and precipitation decrease much during last century in Northeast China, in order explore benefit and avoid negative impacts from climate change, the review was undertaken. 【METHOD】 Many literatures in recent years were used in the analysis, concluded the observed impacts and future predicted impacts by climate change. 【RESULTS】 The results indicate that with temperature increasing, current frost disaster decrease and growth period have been lengthened that will give more suitable growth period for crops. On the other hand, climate change drive some wetland degradation and disappeared, some frost soil have been melting or lose. Future climate change will alter agriculture planting system and decrease some crop production. Forest structure and tree variety will change and marginal place of grazing agriculture will expose to dangerous of desertification. 【CONCLUSION】 Northeast China has to recognize climate change objectively, and take adaptive options for regional sustainable development.

  Progression of Infiltration in Wastewater Purification Jin Danyue,, Zhang Dengfeng,, Lu Shaoyong, Hu Xiaozhen, Zhao Bin, Zheng Miaozhuang 2007, 23 (4):  350-350.  Abstract + ( 1306 )   PDF ( 273314KB )   ( 699 ) With the development of the economy, the water resource is gradually becoming a scarce resource, the traditional method of wastewater purification (active sludge method) has embodied many disadvantages during the purification process, such as high investment, high energy-consumed, high requirement of operation and profoundly influenced by influent quality and the fluctuation of wastewater flow. As the advanced wastewater purification system, infiltration has gradually showed widely used foreground in the field of wastewater purification in terms of convenient process equipment, low investment, convenient operation and management, low energy-consumed and high process effect. This paper mainly introduces the purification mechanism and purification effect of contaminant by soil infiltration and constructed rapid infiltration system. The present problems and the measures of these systems are also discussed.

  Effect of Different Pretreatments on Organic Phosphorus Fractions in Lake Sediment Wang Shengrui, Jin Xiangcan, Liang Haiqing 2007, 23 (4):  355-355.  Abstract + ( 1510 )   PDF ( 594543KB )   ( 600 ) The three kinds of pretreatments that were the freeze-dried, ground past 100 meshes (pretreatment A), freeze-dried, natural grain size (pretreatment B) and fresh sediment sample (pretreatment C) were chosen to study the effect of different pretreatments on organic phosphorus fractions in lake sediment. The 4 sediment samples that were from the different parts of Taihu Lake were investigated. The results indicated that the results of A over-accounted the contents of different organic phosphorus fractions of the studied sediment samples, and that of C were the lower-accounted, the effect is the largest, especially for the LOP and MLOP that is more bio-available, there is certain influence to the MROP and very small to the HROP. The results of B can reflect the actual condition of lake sediments, especially from the point of phosphorus cycling in lake eco-system; the pretreatment B is the most suitable pretreated method.

  Study On Situation of Land Resources utilization And Sustained Agricultural Development in the region of Zhangjiakou Liu yu, zhang xiaogui, liu shuqing, Zhou Yapeng 2007, 23 (4):  360-360.  Abstract + ( 1427 )   PDF ( 481914KB )   ( 576 ) With the development the community economy, the exploitation and utilization intensity of resource is increasing continuously, and also because the unreasonable resource utilization, soil erosion, soil productivity reduction, ecological environment deterioration are becoming more and more serious. The current soil utilization and the relevant problems are analyzed, and measures about sustained agricultural development in Zhangjiakou are proposed: planting trees, create an ecological protector for the Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei; adjust the structure of crop, organize the production of output in different regions; adjust the structure of droves; utilize the irrigable land nationally, develop no-public Hazarded vegetable production intensively and son on. These measures are practically meaningful for promoting the competitive renovation, agricultural structure adjustment and optimization, and national economy sustained development.

  The Biological Indication of Soil Animals to Soil Environment Xiang Changguo, Yang Shijun, Nie Qin 2007, 23 (4):  364-364.  Abstract + ( 1855 )   PDF ( 119913KB )   ( 730 ) The biological indication of soil animals to soil environment has been an issue or subject of general interest of soil ecology around the world. Scholars and researchers at home and abroad have devoted more and more attention to the studies, such as biological indication of soil nematodes to soil environmental fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and heavy metal pollution, analysis of protozoan to leftover organic pollutants, pesticides and heavy metals, biological indication of species diversities of earthworms to soil environmental pollution, and relationship between composition and density of soil mite species and soil environmental changes, The paper researched on the necessity and importance of the biological indication of soil animals to soil environmental changes.

  Study on the Potential Zoning of Land Development Consolidation in Henan Province Qu Chenxiao 2007, 23 (4):  368-368.  Abstract + ( 1300 )   PDF ( 464112KB )   ( 759 ) The study is earlier stage job for integrated land-use planning and cropland holded-replenish balance in Henan province. Through Mapinfo and VBA building the dbase and model of land development and consolidation potential.This paper studies to build the dbase of area land tenure,geography and farmer income,and measures the potential of farmland consolidation,rural settlement redjustment,land development and land reclamation,and evaluates the potential of land development consolidation from GIS,and analyse the division standard of. emphasis area and major project.Last,this paper divides the 10 potential zoning of land development consolidation in Henan province,and defines the emphasis area of farmland consolidation,rural settlement redjustment,land development and land reclamation,and defines the 5 major project of land development consolidation in Henan province.

  Influence of N, K Nutrient Levels on Growth and Pb uptake Ability of Ipomoea Aquatica QiYouju, CuiDejie 2007, 23 (4):  374-374.  Abstract + ( 1649 )   PDF ( 430923KB )   ( 581 ) In the pot experiment carried out in a green house , Ipomoea aquatica was grown at different nutrient levels of nitrogen and potassium to study their performance with regard to the growth, lead content, lead uptake ability and total lead translocation of Ipomoea aquatica, while the soil lead was 500mg/kg. The results revealed that different N,K levels had significant effects on the dry weight, lead content and the total lead translocation of Ipomoea aquatica. The sole nitrogen fertilizer and the combination of K and low N fertilizer could increase the dry weight ,advance the lead uptake and translocate lead from the roots to the shoots of Ipomoea aquatica. But the sole potassium fertilizer could decrease the lead uptake ability and the plant total lead translocation.It is indicated that Pb uptake ability and the total lead translocation of plants can be increased by regulating N,K nutrient levels in Pb-contaminated soil.

  The Ecological Environment Condition in the Northeast Farms and a Study on its Sustainable Development Countermeasures Zhang Lianqi, Hu Ge 2007, 23 (4):  378-378.  Abstract + ( 1317 )   PDF ( 88149KB )   ( 458 ) The investigation of farm ecological environment is not only essential for agricultural development, but also an important element in establishing natural harmonious. Based on field survey and related documents, it is found that the farm environment in the northeastern is deteriorating in the recent years, which is manifested by decreased physical and chemic quality of soil, aggravating biological foe and incremental chemical pollution. It is possibly caused by either the nature itself or the human behaviors. Some active and effective measures should be taken to prevent the northeastern farm ecological environment from worsening, including production management standardization, institutional consummation, scientific and technical supports managing measures transformation.

  Effects on Enzyme Activities and Microbe in Rhizosphere soil of ScMV-CP transgenic Sugarcane Ruan Miaohong, Xu Yan, Zheng Yao, Yang Chuanyu,Zheng Bixia, Guo Ying, Chen Rukai, Zhuang Muqing 2007, 23 (4):  381-381.  Abstract + ( 1841 )   PDF ( 564446KB )   ( 667 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Study on effects on enzyme activities and microbe in rhizosphere soil of ScMV-CP transgenic sugarcane. 【METHOD】This experiment used BIOLOG Ecoplate and plate cultivation of microorganism associated with related soil enzyme activities analyses under field release of transgenic sugarcane. 【RESULTS】The results showed that the dehydrogenase activity of was lowered significantly(p<0.05), and the cellulose, protease and urease activities were improved remarkably(p<0.01), but there was no difference on sucrase activity and phosphatase activities in rhizosphere soil of ScMV-CP transgenic sugarcane compared with non-transgenic sugarcane. The total number of colony forming units (CFUs) of culturable bacteria and fungi were increased significantly((p<0.01) in transgenic sugarcane rhizosphere soil, but The total number of CFUs of culturable was not effected. No significantly higher CFUs of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes resistant to kanamycin(Km)were obtained in transgenic sugarcane soil. BIOLOG experiment showed the metabolism activity of soil bacteria was increased lightly, and the soil bacteria diversity indexes such as Simpson index(D’),Shannon-Wiener index(H’), evenness, Mclntosh index(DMc) were not different from each other after inoculating 72h in BIOLOG Ecoplate.【CONCLUSION】There were some effects on soil enzyme activities and CFUs of soil microbe in the rhizosphere soil of ScMV-CP transgenic sugarcane, but no increasement of CFUs of soil microbe resistant to kanamycin(Km)were obtained. And results BIOLOG experiment showed the transgenic sugarcane didn’t change the soil bacteria diversity.

  Survey of Sugarcane Ratoon Stunting Disease in Zhanjiang China Frams Bureau Cane Areas Shen Wankuan, Zheng Xuewen, Chen Zhonghua, Liu Peilin, Deng Haihua 2007, 23 (4):  387-387.  Abstract + ( 1856 )   PDF ( 353617KB )   ( 693 ) Sugarcane ratoon stunting disease(RSD) is known to be an economically important disease of sugarcane in most counties where the crop is grown. In order to determine RSD infection levels and give datas for development healthy seedcane in Zhanjiang state farms bureau cane areas,1935 stalk samples were taken from Fengshou, Huahai and Guangqian cane fields and tested using Dot Blot Enzyme linked Immuno Assay(DB-EIA) in October 2006.This survey showed the widespread occurrence of RSD in three surveyed farms cane areas,and major commercial varieties with high incidence of RSD. The average percentage of infected stalks was 62.84% in total 1935 stalk Samples, the main positive samples rate in Fengshou、Huahai and Guangqian were 95.3%,80.9% and 41.0%,respectively,the average stalk infection levels in major cultivations ROC22,ROC25,YT89-113 and YT79-177 were 55.0%,54.2%,84.3% and 94.8%,respectively.In addition, the average percentage of infected stalks in plant and ratoon cane were 64.2% and 61.3%,respectively. Positive samples could be detect in every variety and team of all 12 sampled commercial varieties and 84 surveyed team where cane is planted.

  Studies on Environmental Ecological Factors of Rubber-Mulberry Intercropping System Liang Yusi, Jiang Jusheng, Cao Jianhua 2007, 23 (4):  392-392.  Abstract + ( 1889 )   PDF ( 567298KB )   ( 595 ) The main ecological factors were studied in the young(3a) and middle-aged(5a) rubber plantations intercropped mulberry—Marus migriformis Koidz (MMK).. It indicated that: (1) The growth of rubber trees were increased in this intercropping pattern; (2) It was effective to decrease temperature of the rubber plantation in summer, increase the atmospherical moisture content and water content in soil; (3) It was also effective to improve the soil condition and increase its usable phosphor content. Therefore, “Rubber tree-Mulberry” intercropping system can create favorable ecological effects, and improve the micro-environment of rubber ecological system.

  Effects of Additives on the Banana cauloid Silage Wang chao Liu Guodao 2007, 23 (4):  396-396.  Abstract + ( 1660 )   PDF ( 368403KB )   ( 777 ) In order to grope for the feasibility of Banana cauloid silage, the effects of additives on cut and dried banana cauloid(DM≈25%),which make silage with formic acid, Ecological Microoganisms(EM), lactobacillus (LAB), EM and LAB.The results show that all the additive treatments could prove the fermentation quality further more; The pH、NH3-N and the ADF content of all the treatment significant better than the control group (p<0.05);The EM and LAB treatment was the best in all the treatments and it’s pH close to 3.9, the content of ADF decreased by 7.86%.The treatments add EM that is the second had no significant difference compare to the best .

  The Research of Regional Agricultural Resource Information Shared System development Based on WebGIS Lv Jia ke,, Liu Hong bin,Wang Xuan,Wei Chaofu 2007, 23 (4):  399-399.  Abstract + ( 1308 )   PDF ( 657258KB )   ( 791 ) Without strong data supportance, digital agriculture cant be fully employed. To solve current problem of “information isolated island” in agriculture resource management of Jiang jin Chongqing, an agricultural resource information shared system that integrates 3S, Web technologies, database and other technologies was developed. The system adopts the model of combing centralized metadata & physical database and centralized metadata database & distributed physical database, providing the services of data management, data retrieval and query as well as data publishing. Application result shows that the system can take fully advantage of available agricultural resources data to provide supportance for agriculture yielding decision-making; also can reduce costs greatly in agricultural resources information gathering and processing, contributing to agricultural resource digitized and standardized development. Meanwhile the methodology that targets for agricultural resources management and sharing also applies for other fields, which to certain degree hence is of promotion significance.

  Application of BP Networks Based on GASA Hybrid Strategy to Rices Pests Prediction Wang Xuan,, Lv JiaKe,, Xie DeTi, Wei Chaofu 2007, 23 (4):  404-404.  Abstract + ( 1387 )   PDF ( 1473234KB )   ( 614 ) To improve pests prediction efficiency and precision, Laifu town Yongchuan Chongqing was selected for the study. Local meteorological and pets data from 1996—2004 were divided into training and validation dataum sets, Rices prediciton applied by GASA-based BPNN was operated. Compared with general used time series and BP Neuron Network prediction, the accuracy achieved by GASA-based BPNN was much better.The potential ability of GASA-based BPNN was also discussed.

  Assessment of Effect of the Dust Covered the Foliage on Canopy Reflectance Shenliang Xiao ,, Zhongxin Chen , 2007, 23 (4):  410-410.  Abstract + ( 1366 )   PDF ( 691163KB )   ( 675 ) As a part of the aerosol, dust will cling to the surface of the foliage when the dust precipitates from aerosol. Just because of the covered dust, when the satellite sensors scanning vegetation canopy, the reflectance data that the sensors obtained will get similar. Even more, the weather changes will make for amount of the dust that covered the leaves increasing or decreasing, for example there is a distinct different between effect of dust before and after raining. So far we still ignore the effect of the dust that covered the leaves’ surface when we process the remote sensing data. As the sensors developed the sensitivity of the sensors to detecting the electromagnetic radiation becomes higher and higher, will the effect of dust not be changed with the development of sensors? We must assess the effect of dust on foliage reflectance anew. In this paper we use ASD FieldSpec to measure winter wheat and Rohdea japonica leaves. First we measure the leaves with dust on their surface, then rush out the dust and measure the leaves again. Compare the two measurements, we find that the dust effect leaves reflectance, and the leaves red edge position doesn’t move.

  Study of Agricultural Standardization Production and its Management System Development Platform Sun Nina, , Qin Xiangyang, Yang Baozhu, Chen Yuhai 2007, 23 (4):  415-415.  Abstract + ( 1528 )   PDF ( 198842KB )   ( 562 ) The status of agriculture standardization production in China was analyzed in this paper, so were the application status and existing problems of agriculture expert system in agriculture standardization production. Expert system development platform is a kind of agriculture information technique, which makes experts in agriculture can develop an expert system much easier than before without mastering any computer knowledge, therefore, its application can solve many problems in agriculture standardization production. Based on the above, establishment foundation, designing methods, techniques of carrying out and functions of the management system development platform of agriculture standardization production was put forward and application prospect of the platform was discussed.

  Bibliometric Analysis of Gingkgo Literatures Published During the Period of 1994—2004 Zhang Yi, Qin Zhihua, Shen Guangning 2007, 23 (4):  419-419.  Abstract + ( 1505 )   PDF ( 773661KB )   ( 643 ) Gingkgo is native to China, has 1 family, 1 genus and 1 species, but has some mutations, e.g. G.biloba var. pendula Carr.,G. biloba var. lacinia Carr.，G. biloba var. aurea Beiss.，G.biloba var varie Carr.，G. biloba var. epiphylla Mak. and G.biloba var. heterophylla T.B.Chao et Z.X.Chen．Commercial cultivation began in the last seventies of the 20th century, but cultivation and research developed rapidly. Bibliometric analysis of gingkgo literatures published in professional journals during the period from 1994 to 2004 showed the the gross volume of literatures was 2284 papers and the number of onymous literatures was 2269. The primary authors were 1348, mainly research staff of research institutions. The paper has confirmed 57 core authors and 11 core journals.

  Application of 4Cs Marketing Theory in the Agricultural Information Service Tian Chunke, Meng Xianxue 2007, 23 (4):  426-426.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   PDF ( 110695KB )   ( 504 ) Along with the “three rural” issues of more importance and the introduction of the strategy of socialist new village construction, agriculture, rural areas and farmers become the most important task at present and the future government. Solving “Three rural” issues depending on a variety of factors, greatly enhancing the level and efficiency of agricultural information services is an undoubtedly enormous assistance role to the final solution to the “three rural” issues. To promote the development of China's agricultural information service and effectively raise the level and efficiency of agricultural information service, the possibility and importance of marketing innovation for Chinese agricultural information service were analyzed. Finally China's agricultural information service concept and methods innovation were discussed from marketing perspective and marketing strategy of agricultural information service was put forward.

  Agricultural Information Service Models Innovation in the Construction of Socialist New Village Zhang Bo, Li Sijing 2007, 23 (4):  430-430.  Abstract + ( 1435 )   PDF ( 138611KB )   ( 601 ) With the strategic goal of new socialist village construction in China, agriculture, rural areas and farmer issues are increasingly becoming the most important task of our government. Plenty of human, material and financial resources will be devoted to promote the development of China's agriculture in depth, and China's agriculture is moving towards the development of modern agriculture in a steady and rapid manner. As one of its important support for new village construction, the merits of agricultural information service models determine the level and the quality of agricultural information service. To promote and facilitate the construction and development of new village, China's agricultural information service models were comprehensively reviewed, the main content and features of all kinds of agricultural information service models were fully discussed with comparative analysis method, and finally suggestions on Chinese agricultural information service model innovation in aim to provide some specific and operational strategies and measures for enhancing Chinese agricultural information service level were put forward.

  Studies on Swelling Behaviors and Water Absorbency of Poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/ Sodium Humate/ Montmorillonite Multifunctional Superabsorbent Composite 2007, 23 (4):  435-435.  Abstract + ( 1359 )   PDF ( 516122KB )   ( 712 ) A novel multifunctional superabsorbent composites of poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/sodium humate/ montmorillonite (PAA-AM/SH /MMT) were synthesized by copolymerization reaction of acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM) on sodium humate (SH) and montmorillonite (MMT) micropowder in aqueous solution. Water absorbency in distilled water and swelling kinetics for the superabsorbent composites with different weight ratio of SH to MMT were carried out. In addition, the effects of various pH solutions and swelling-reswelling-swelling times on water absorbency were also systematically investigated. The results show that the water absorbency and swelling rate of the superabsorbent composite are improved by introducing simultaneously SH and MMT into the composite in comparison with that of incorporated with SH or MMT.

  Agricultural Meteorological Disasters and Their Prevention in Zhejiang Province Yang Xiangzhu, Lou Weiping 2007, 23 (4):  440-440.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   PDF ( 286018KB )   ( 533 ) In this paper, the characteristic of major agricultural meteorological disasters(drought、typhoon、flood、frozen injury) and their variety in Shaoxing city are analyzed. Finally, the comprehensive prevention countermeasures are proposed.

  Effects of Water-fertilizer Coupling on Middle-long Staple upland cotton Yield Under Surface Irrigation Effects of Water-fertilizer Coupling on Middle-long Staple upland cotton Yield Under Surface Irrigation 2007, 23 (4):  445-445.  Abstract + ( 1381 )   PDF ( 426212KB )   ( 547 ) Under field production conditions, the experiment of effect of water- fertilizer Coupling on cotton yield under Surface Irrigation conducted with the cotton variety, Xinluzhong 9 of South Region of Xinjiang as stuff. The results showed that under Surface Irrigation conducted Water and fertilizer have the effect of increasing cotton yield，but when water and fertilizer supplies is excessive，the cotton yield will decrease. The relationship between cotton yield and number. of boll per plant is linear in the conditions. mathematical model for cotton yield and its main affecting factors water and fertilizer is established. Y=-1453.04+1.32703I+5.12236F-0.000211I2-0.005032F2-0.000263 I*F. The cotton yield per hectare will reach the top when W 2879 m3/ hm-2 and N 235kg/hm2、P2O5 143kg/hm2、K2O 56kg/hm2.

  The Experimental Analysis Of Digital Display And Multifunctional Depths Loosen Machine Yang Fuying ，Feng Chaoyin，Han Genfa 2007, 23 (4):  449-449.  Abstract + ( 1176 )   PDF ( 672341KB )   ( 644 ) According to the development of the agricultural machine in our country, the demand of the depths loosen machine is increased quickly. Therefore, a digital display of multifunctional depths loosen machine has designed. Refers to the experiment standard of JB/T6274.1-2001 The grist seeding-machine requirement GB/T5668.1-1995 The rotary tillage machinery experiment method JB/751016-1999 The gushing pole spraying machine product quality analysis. This article that proceeds from two mostly ways of interior function test and field experiment discusses the technology of agricultural machines. The machinery will bring both manufacturer and the owner of agricultural machinery. At the same time, it also has evident social benefit. This machinery can be operated easily, maintained conveniently and it has very high credibility. It’s foreground of popularize is wider.

  Effect Test of Drought-resistant Rocketry Artificial Precipitation Enhancement Operation Effect Test of Drought-resistant Rocketry Artificial Precipitation Enhancement Operation 2007, 23 (4):  453-453.  Abstract + ( 1305 )   PDF ( 139491KB )   ( 607 ) In order to carry out the effect evaluation in drought-resistant artificial precipitation enhancement operation, using the data of the artificial precipitation enhancement experiment base of the Xinchang wild rice stem area, the effect evaluation was analysised following the Contribution of precipitation for wild rice stem output value. The result showed: The effect evaluation of drought-resistant rocketry artificial precipitation enhancement operation is obvious.

  An experimental study on infiltration of film-furrow irrigation Jiao Xiyun, Ma Haiyan, Peng Shizhang, Luo Yufeng 2007, 23 (4):  456-456.  Abstract + ( 1086 )   PDF ( 631393KB )   ( 576 ) Film-furrow irrigation is a combination of techniques of film-mulching irrigation and furrow irrigation. Film with infiltration holes is covered in furrows and irrigation water flow on it and infiltrate to soil. The relations between cumulative infiltration and wetted depth and infiltration time are investigated in this paper. An infiltration tester for film-furrow irrigation is developed, an experiment with 2-row and 3-column holes is conducted, and cumulative infiltration and wetted depth at deferent time are observed. The results show that the relation between cumulative infiltration and infiltration time can be fitted with the Kostiakov-Lewis model, the relation between wetted depth and infiltration time can be fitted with a power function; therefore infiltration of film-furrow irrigation can be described with these two models.

  On the Popularization of Tree Cotton and its Economic and Social Influence in Shandong Province Wang Baoqing 2007, 23 (4):  460-460.  Abstract + ( 1175 )   PDF ( 307304KB )   ( 705 ) Based on the research into the tree cotton within cropping structure in Shandong before mid-Ming Dynasty, the process of the introduction of tree cotton was described. The popularization of tree cotton changed the traditional cropping structure, which in turn resulted in a dramatic change in raw material for clothing and quilt as well as a huge impact on economy, society, agricultural production and people’s life alike. From the angle of history and biology, the practical and commercial values of tree cotton were fully discussed. The causes for the popularization of tree cotton in Shandong vary from governmental policies to its adaptability to increasing social and economic demand for cotton. The successful introduction and large-scale popularization of tree cotton is a milestone in the history of economic development and also an important revolution in the history of agriculture in China.

  C911 Emphases of Science and Technology Stratagem for Area Harmony Development 2007, 23 (4):  467-467.  Abstract + ( 1033 )   PDF ( 338447KB )   ( 538 ) (Agricultural Information Institute of CAAS, Bei Jing 100081)

  Some Aspects of Modern Agriculture in Developed Country Dai Xiaofeng, Bian Quanle, Fu Changliang 2007, 23 (4):  472-472.  Abstract + ( 1520 )   PDF ( 142558KB )   ( 583 ) The paper reviewed the experience or/and practice of modern agriculture in main developed country in the world such as USA, Japan, Holland and Germany from the view of strategic analysis and road option, state regularity and law support system, role of government in management and service , protection policy in different ways, establishment of global trade market system, forming productivity in large scale, intensive input of labor factors, business processing according with industrialization chain, distribution of main products in suitable geological region, equipment and facility from industry to arm agriculture, system of social supply and service , input from government and financial system in rural area, national system of agricultural science and technology and self-creation, system of public education and professional training for farmer, interaction mechanism among first, second and third industry as well as development in rural and urban.

  Improvement of the Farm Produce Market System Considering Both Food Safety and Farmer’s Income Increase Pu Yingyan 2007, 23 (4):  477-477.  Abstract + ( 1209 )   PDF ( 293062KB )   ( 521 ) Based on the basic structure of farm produce market system, the author examines the relationships among farm produce market system, food safety and farmer’s income increase. Then the author introduces achivements and problems in the development of China’s farm produce market system. The measures for perfecting farm produce market system considering both food safety and farmer’s income increase are presented as follows: Elementary conditions should be optimized, different levels and scales of trade centers should be established; close and reasonable connections among those centers should be made; logistics of farm produce should be perfected, sci-tech investments on farm produce production should be increased, governments’ macro-control should be taken according to local conditions and different periods, and so on.

  The Current Situation and Countermeasure Suggestion of Development and Utilization of Sweet Potato in China Liu Weiming 2007, 23 (4):  484-484.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   PDF ( 141166KB )   ( 821 ) The comprehensive development and utilization of sweet potato in the respects of variety, production and processing were expatiated. It is put forward that the key to sustainable development for sweet potato industry is improving the scientific research on sweet potato breeding, strengthening the research and popularization for planting technique of sweet potato, widening and deepening the research and development of products with sweet potato as raw material, enhancing the industrialization level of sweet potato allsidedly.

  S-01 Effective Model of Constructing New Country by Cooperation between the Academy and the County 2007, 23 (4):  493-493.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   PDF ( 114312KB )   ( 468 ) (1 Nenjiang Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Qiqihaer 161041； 2 The People，s Government of Tailai County of Heilongjiang Province, Tailai 162400)

  Rationale that Pollution Discharge Right Business System Studies Wu Ling , 2007, 23 (4):  497-497.  Abstract + ( 1161 )   PDF ( 137942KB )   ( 571 ) System rationale studying pollution discharge right trades, is that the field treats and applies pollution discharge right business system for having more for the concrete understanding and cognition, are conducive to consciousness on practice rationality in terms of theory to whose connotation. Adopt demonstration to describe the analysis method studying with the norm on the article basis in relevance document, the theory discussing pollution discharge right business system by the fact that the origin that the problem produces to the environment tracing , the theory changing mainly from environment outside theory , public domain tragedy theory, resource sparse incomplete theory , theory of marketplace out of order, Kesi theorem theory of government out of order, system waiting for aspect props up. Pattern studying the government intervention theory indicating, not fixing, the also nonexistent complete market orientation carries out a pattern , any pattern all has bringing oneself effect space into play. Pollution discharge right business system is a win-win system arrangement, refraction the government intervention and become market-oriented business big this liang of learning thought mingling, are a trend and inevitable result that modern market economy develops , it's at the back is that the marketplace liberty works, changing being role of government and a function, is improving and perfecting that economic growth system ensures.

  The Current Situation, Restriction Factors and Policy Suggestion of the Industrialization of Agricultural patent Yue Dongdong, Wang Zhengbing 2007, 23 (4):  502-502.  Abstract + ( 1380 )   PDF ( 84616KB )   ( 458 ) Through the analysis of the current situation of the industrialization of agricultural patent, we find that there are two restriction factors: first, the internal restriction factor is the agricultural patent itself; second, the external restriction factor is agriculture industry and society condition. Based on the factors, the paper proposes the related policy suggestion from the internal and external aspects.

  Study on Sustainable Development of Lu’an Guapian Famous Green Tea Wang Zhe, Gao Xuesong 2007, 23 (4):  505-505.  Abstract + ( 1219 )   PDF ( 114860KB )   ( 495 ) Lu’an Guapian tea is one of ten historical green teas in China, which is concerned with its growing surroundings, manufacturing arts and the high quality. The main problems confronted with development of Lu’an Guapian tea, which include: it hasn’t been standardized in quality; costly in production; the brand value of Lu’an Guapian tea hasn’t been well recognized. Therefore, to speed up the development of Lu’an Guapian tea, it is necessary to improve the manufacturing arts, to decrease the cost, to carry production of non-environmental pollution tea, to develop and deepen the brand awareness of Lu’an Guapian tea.

  The Farmers’ Reversal Adoption Behavior and Their Cognizance and Evaluation on Genetically Modified Cotton Zheng Yali, Ling Yuanyun 2007, 23 (4):  509-509.  Abstract + ( 1362 )   PDF ( 485762KB )   ( 475 ) Based on a survey involving 273 farming households in Zhoukou, Henan Province, the farmers’ cognizance and evaluation on genetically modified cotton were analyzed. The results showed that the main reason of reversal adoption was their dissatisfying with transgenic anti-insect cotton varieties, which were mainly concentrated on singularity and decline of insect-resistance, lower output, and so on. The breeding department may intensify the research on the new cotton variety of multi-resistance and higher output.

  Development of Forestry: The Realistic Choice for New Countryside Construction in Mountainous Areas Zhu Fengqin, Qi Xin 2007, 23 (4):  513-513.  Abstract + ( 1605 )   PDF ( 111072KB )   ( 608 ) Because of the fact that the economic situation is relatively backward in mountainous areas, the paper raises the point of view that the difficulty for socialism new countryside construction is in mountainous areas, so the emphasis of the construction should be also in mountainous areas. In accordance with the needs of ecological, economic and social aspects, forestry will be able to develop its functions to full in the construction. Therefore, forestry comprehensive development should be the main role in the socialism new countryside construction. Principally reliable on ecological construction in mountainous areas, forestry should develop its industry, fasten the establishment of its modern property rights, upgrade its classification management system, establish forest ecological benefits compensation system, etc. In the meantime with the emphasis and settlement on problems of countryside, farmers and agriculture, we should pay high attention to and solve the issues related to development of forestry for promotion of socialism new countryside construction.

  The Current State and Strategy in the Development of Citrus Industry of Chenggu County Shaanxi Province Yun Chongrong,, Zhang Baojun 2007, 23 (4):  517-517.  Abstract + ( 1381 )   PDF ( 116106KB )   ( 569 ) Based on practical investigation, the author of this article presents the current state of citrus industry of Chenggu county from management and technology respectively, and point out the problems in the development of citrus industry of Chenggu county. The operational and managerial problems include that the points of view of the local citrus planters lag behind and they are not systematically organized, the structure of industry chain appears to be loose. Besides, the citrus trees suffer from injury due to low-temperature and drought, the citrus fruits are not fully commercialized after harvest, these are listed as problems in production and technology. In order to promote the development of citrus industry, such strategies are strongly recommended, strengthening standardized education and implementing standardized production, developing citrus tourism, enforcing low-temperature injury prevention and control of citrus trees, optimizing and adjusting breed structure of citrus etc.

  Evolution of Problems on Rural Economy from Farmers’ Interests Wan Shu 2007, 23 (4):  521-521.  Abstract + ( 1169 )   PDF ( 109867KB )   ( 387 ) The problems on rural economy are the key point in estabishing harmonious society. It is a result of qualitative change during the the quantitative changes of the differences between the rural and the ruban, the agricultural and the industrial, whose reason can be focus on the evolution of rights and interests of farmers, which is the foundational one of dual economical and distributive structures. The most pressing matter to resolve problems on rural economy and to establish harmonious society in China is to to turn the rights and interests back to farmers under the law of marketing economies during setting up the socialism marketing systems in China.