Abstract: Based on a systematic field investigation, the structure of arthropod communities in cabbage fields in the suburbs of Hefei was studied. The results showed that there were 21 species of arthropods, including 10 species of insect pests and 11 species of natural enemies .The major dominant species of insect pests were Pieris rapae and Lipaphis erysimi and the major dominant species of predatory enemies were Sittius sinensis and Theridium graminicola. Pieris rapae distributed mainly on heart leaves and back of inner leaves of cabbage plant, and Lipaphis erysimi distributed widely in cabbage plants. Sittius sinensis and Theridium graminicola distributed mainly on back of outer leaves of cabbage plants .The diversities of the communities were relatively stable in time sequence. The principal factor affecting the diversities was species evenness