Abstract: New culitivars contribute around 20% to 30% of peanut production, and cultivation techniques around 70%. Peanut is one of few crops with upper flower and underground fruit, and the cultivated environment is very important to its production. Therefore, the research of peanut cultivation has made a great progress with the change of planting systems and the market demands. The main progresses in peanut cultivation of Northern China in recent 50 years are reviewed in the paper, and it aims to provide references for future peanut production and cultivation researches.