Abstract: Bacterial wilt was a major biotic factor affecting groundnut production in China and several other counties in Asia. The current studies on groundnut bacterial wilt and resistance breeding were reviewed . Particular emphasis was given to recent advance to pathogen identification , mechanisms of resistance，inheritance of resistance , resource evaluation and resistant variety breeding. Some problems such as lower pod yield, worse quality, complicated resistance identification and unitary resistance origin were discussed, and the latter researches were suggested to be concentrated on expanding resistance origin by multiple hybridization or modern biotechnology or taking use of wild species resistance, the system of molecular makers assisting choice also should be perfected in the future