Current issue

• 2007 Vol.23 No.8 Published:05 August 2007

  畜牧兽医科学

  Method Analysis of Producing Transgenic Chicken Mediated by Retrovirus Man Chaolai, Chen Yan 2007, 23 (8):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1286 )   PDF ( 358505KB )   ( 529 ) With the fast development of Biopharmacy,transgenic chicken is growing to be one hot spot of science study in the biology field. In order to build and optimize the technology and conditions of transgenic chicken platform produced by retrovirus, pHIT-Myc3 and enhanced green fluorescent protein（EGFP）gene were selected as vector and marker gene respectively in this experiment.Vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein(VSV-G) pseudotyped retrovirus was packaged by co-transfecting method.Chicken fetal myoblasts(CFM) were infected and new laying zygotes were injected with concentration retrovirus and hatched. Genomic DNA of CFM,5d chicken embryos and different tissues of new-born chicken were extracted for PCR identification.Marker gene GFP was detected from CFM, 5d chicken embryos and thymus gland and skin of new-born chicken,which indicated transgenic chicken had been produced by retrovirus successfully.At the same time,the method and conditions of producing transgenic chicken had been optimized effectively,which provides references for further investigating transgenic chicken in the future.

  Advances on Molecular Evolution of Mitochondrial DNA in Domestic Animals Bi Taifei, Qu Lei, Chen Hong,, Lei Chuzhao 2007, 23 (8):  8-8.  Abstract + ( 1402 )   PDF ( 147334KB )   ( 589 ) The origin and evolution of domestic animals have attracted the interests of people for a long time. Mitochondrial DNA as a good molecular marker has been successfully applied to the study of evolution of animals. Here the new research progress on mtDNA D-loop polymorphism and molecular evolution in domestic animals (pig, horse, donkey, cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goat and chicken) was introduced, and gave some advice on deeply studying the origin and evolution of domestic animals.

  Effects of Plumbum and Vitamin C on Liver Lipid Peroxides Activity in Mice Sun Chao, Wang Li 2007, 23 (8):  13-13.  Abstract + ( 1393 )   PDF ( 120032KB )   ( 521 ) The experiment adopt five weeks old healthy Kunbai mice as experimental animal.The mice were fed the common fodder and given plumbum(Pb)，vitamin C(Vc) and the mixtures of these two things.The dosage of the Vc is 200mg/kg .The dosage of Pb had four grads 1.2g/L、0.4g/L、0.13g/L、0.043g/L .The experiment lasts three weeks.Then detect the Pb MDA content and SOD POD CAT activity .The results show that the plumbum accumulated in liver largely,and the content of MDA increased.The activity of SOD in every group lowered significantly (P<0.05) compared with the control group,and increased with the fall of Pb’s concentration. We mensurated the activity of CAT,the mensuration displayed that the Pb1、Pb2 group had significant difference（p<0.05）to compared with the control group,and the Pb3 had significant difference(p<0.01). At the same time, except the Vc+Pb4 group had no significant difference(p>0.05),the rest group had significant difference (p<0.05)compared with their corresponding groups which only add Pb. The mensuration of POD activity showed : compared with the control group,the Vc group had significant difference(p<0.01),the Pb1、Pb3 group had significant difference（p<0.05）.Compared with their corresponding groups which only add Pb,the Vc+Pb1 group had no significant difference（p>0.05）, the rest Vc+Pb group compared with their corresponding groups which only add Pb had significant difference(p<0.01). The the result of experiment indicated that the plumbum can intensify the lipid peroxidation,but Vc can lighten the scathe caused by lipid peroxidation.

  The comparison of the chemical characteristics and nutritive value of green corn stalk Silage with different variety Yu Ruhua, Mo Fang, Zhao Lihua, Zhang Xiaoming, Chen Yao 2007, 23 (8):  17-17.  Abstract + ( 1781 )   PDF ( 124418KB )   ( 547 ) 【Objective】The influence of variety on nutritive composition of silage was determined for different silage.【Method】The corn stalk were harvested and ensiled at the 104th day of grow. The chemical characteristics and nutritive value of silage was evaluated.【Results】Although the pH and ammonia concentrations of silage with corn stalk were effect with different treatments. Variety did not have a large effect on lactic acid and ADF content of silage with corn stalk. In this study the lactic acid concentrations and the digestibility of organ matter in vitro of corn silage were higher than that the silage of corn stalks.【Conclusion】Results of trials indicate that the nutritive value of silage were significant different with different variety.

  Effects of Different Treatment Methods of Frozen Semen and Addition of Caffeine on IVF in Cattle Yuan Jinsheng, Tian Wanqiang, Zan Linsen, Lin Qing, Xin Yaping, Liu Yongfeng, Liu Yang 2007, 23 (8):  27-27.  Abstract + ( 1566 )   PDF ( 165450KB )   ( 612 ) 【Objective】 In order to understanding effects of different treatment methods of frozen semen and addition of caffeine on IVF in bovine, 【Methods】 frozen-semen of bovine was treated by using Swimming-up method, Percoll method and Washing method, capacitated by adding 2.5mM or 5.0mM of caffeine in capacitation medium(BO medium+10μg/ml heparin sodium) and pre-incubated 10min or 30min to observe respective effect on the in vitro development ability of fertilized eggs. 【Results】 The results showed that (1)there was not any significant differences among cleavage rate(51.58%,52.83%,53.20%)(P＞0.05) of fertilized eggs treated by frozen-semen from Washing method ,Swimming-up method and Percoll method，there was also not any significant differences on the in vitro development rate of morula or blastocyst between treatment of Percoll method(16.66%,10.18%) and Swimming-up method(17.85%,16.07%),and between treatment of Percoll method and of Washing method(8.77%, 7.01%)(p＞0.05).But it can be seen from experimental results that in vitro development of morula and blastocyst of treatment of Swimming-up method had some enhance compared with that of treatment of Percoll method, there was significant differences of in vitro development rate of morula or blastocyst between treatment of Swimming-up method and of Washing method(P＜0.05).(2)Addition of caffeine in fertilization medium can promote activity of sperm. Cleavage rate or development rate of morula or blastocyst in the presence of caffeine were higher than that of in the absence of caffeine, there was best effect of capacitation on sperm（Cleavage rate is 68.59%，blastocyst rate is 28.50%）.【Conclusion】This indicated that, compared these 3 methods, Swimming-up method perhaps is economical and simple method of treatment methods of frozen-semen, it can be applied for IVP of embryo of bovine; This also showed that higher concentration of caffeine can maintain strong activity of sperm at comparative long period of time.

  Effects of melatonin on fur Quality and growth performance of Rex rabbit Gu Zilin , Huang Yuting , Chen Baojiang, Ren Wenshe , Dong Bing 2007, 23 (8):  32-32.  Abstract + ( 2024 )   PDF ( 160996KB )   ( 537 ) 80 rex rabbit (45-50 days old) were randomly divided into 4 groups of 20 rabbit each. The levels of hypodermic embedmenting MLT were 2.33, 3.5, 7 and 0 milligrams per animal. The trial last for 80 days. The result showed that the weight gain, hair-follicle differentiation and fur density of the embedmented MLT rabbits were increased and the skin maturing was promoted significantly (p<0.01); The live weight, fur density and skin thickness of 130 days old rabbits embedmented 3.5～7 milligram MLT reached to that of 150 days old. In other words，the commercial rex rabbit embedmented MLT can reached to slaughter weight 20 days ahead of time.

  目次

  Molecular Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Ovine Regakine-1 Qiao Xinan, Yang Guoyu, Wang Yanling, Wang Yueying, Han Liqiang , Du Junxia 2007, 23 (8):  40-40.  Abstract + ( 1426 )   PDF ( 178832KB )   ( 634 ) 【Objective】To clone and analysis the ovine regakine-1.【Method】Total RNA was extracted from mesenteric lymph node and mRNA sequence of gene were amplified by RT-PCR with designed primers. The PCR products were ligated into the pMD-19T vector, and then transformed into competent cells of JM109. The recombinant plasmid was identified and the sequence was analyzed.【Results】Identity analysis showed that the regakine-1 nucleotide sequence shared 91% homology with that of cattle. The signal peptide of predicted amino acid sequence is 1~21aa and the structural domain SCY is 29~87aa, revealing that the structural feature is consistent with cattle regakine-1.【Conclusion】The ovine ORF of regakine-1 gene was successfully cloned in present study and the sequence has been submitted to GenBank(Accession. EF617337).

  畜牧兽医科学

  The Research Progress on Cold-Resistance Characteristics from Australia Alfalfa Resources Wang Jianghui, Lu Xinshi, Yan Xiujiang, Zhang Mingjun 2007, 23 (8):  44-44.  Abstract + ( 1493 )   PDF ( 119399KB )   ( 615 ) The growth of alfalfa cultivars is less durable under an unfavorable environment condition in Europe and the United State. It is very important to develop the varieties adapted to adverse environment in Australia. The new hybrids were developed through the cross-breeding using the best introduced lines and the collections in Australia. Hybrids would be evaluated under a variety of soil types and different cold climatic regions. Select the best generations to be pre-foundation seeds. The performance about morphology，physiology and biochemistry under low temperature stress were summarized. The relationship between Fall-dormancy and the cold-tolerance was exhibited, and research progress in gene engineering of alfalfa cold- tolerance is reported.

  Development of NP-ELISA for Detection of Antibody against Infectious Bronchitis Virus Hao Chunli, Li Wenlin, Dong Qingping, Wang Xinwei, Wang Zelin, Yang Daguang 2007, 23 (8):  48-48.  Abstract + ( 1466 )   PDF ( 193184KB )   ( 630 ) 【Objective】A nucleoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus.【Method】The purified recombinant IBV nucleoprotein was coated onto the Polystyrene plate and sealed up with confining liquid. Then the serum sample was added on it and incubated at 37℃ for 1 hour. When the plate was washed, the rabbit anti-chicken IgG labeled with HRP was put onto it for being incubated at 37℃ for 1 hour too. And then the substrate was added for coloring. OD value was assayed after the reaction being ended.【Results】The optimal concentration of coating antigen was 1.45μg/ml, and the optimal dilution of serum and rabbit anti-chicken IgG labeled with HRP were 1:40 and 1:1000 respectively. The detection-limit between negative and positive serum in OD450 value was 0.310, when the OD450 value was equal or over 0.314, it was positive, or else negative. NP-ELISA had no reaction to the positive serums of AIV H9、H5、H7、ND、IBD and EDS76 , which directed that the expressed NP protein was only reacted to the serum of IBV. 【Conclusion】The results above indicated the NP-ELISA afforded strong specificity, high sensitivity , excellent coincidence and could be used for antibody surveillance of IB in clinical practice.

  生物技术技术科学

  Study on Tissue Culture of Mature Embryo from Wheat Bi Ruiming,, Wang Honggang 2007, 23 (8):  53-53.  Abstract + ( 1290 )   PDF ( 179743KB )   ( 1348 ) 【OBJECTIVE】In order to select out the optimum wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotype for tissue culture of mature embryo (MEs) and receptor of genetic transformation, 【METHOD】27 winter-type superior cultivars wheat of Chinese northern region or breeding lines of hexaploid common wheat were used as test material and the method of callus induction of endosperm-supported was utilized in this paper. The effect of many factors on tissue culture of wheat MEs had been studied. 【RESULTS】The results indicated that, light, temperature, concentration of 2,4-D and genotype were important influence factors for tissue culture of wheat MEs. The genotype dependency was strongly high in tissue culture of Mes of these genotypes. Differences of frequency of induction, differentiation and regeneration of callus from mature embryos of 27 wheat genotypes by endosperm-supported method were respectively significant (P<0.01). The efficiency of induction, differentiation and regeneration of mature embryos callus was high in genotypes screened out. Mature embryo-derived callus of SN2618, TS021, HB341 showed better tissue culture response than other genotypes. Their frequency of regeneration were 15.38%, 25.27%, 21.33% respectively. The regenerated plants could be obtained in 30~40 d. 【CONCLUSION】The work provided a solid basis for tissue culture of wheat Mes, genetic transformation and molecular plant breeding of wheat.

  生物技术科学

  Genetic Diversity Analysis of Potato Cultivars by AFLP Markers Li FengYun, Sheng WanMin, Liu ZhaoJun, Tian GuoKui, Li QingQuan, Wang LiChun, Wu Shuang 2007, 23 (8):  58-58.  Abstract + ( 1626 )   PDF ( 214789KB )   ( 644 ) The AFLP was used to study the genetic diversity of 19 potato cultivars. The result showed that 495 AFLP bands were amplified using 7 primer combinations, among them 302 bands were polymorphic, and 54~90 bands were amplified in each lane. AFLP analysis indicated the genetic distance of 19 potato cultivars was between 0.2091~0.7679, average value was 0.4811. When all of the polymorphic bands were analyzed by cluster analysis, 19 cultivars were classified into 4 groups. The numbere two groups included 14 potato cultivars, which accounted for 73.68%. The analysics showed that there existed close sibship among the majority of potato cultivars, and the genetic distance between the minority cultivars and the others is longer, which indicate that the genetic basis of KeXin series potato cultivars is wide. In addition, this study demonstrates that AFLP finger printing has higher resolution and the AFLP is more suitable in the diversity study of potato cultivars.

  生物科学

  Changes in Microbial Group between Pig Manure Composting with Microorganism Inoculants and without Microorganism Modulator Wang Huijie, Li Zigang, Ye Chuanlin, Ma Aimin 2007, 23 (8):  62-62.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 194785KB )   ( 555 ) The microbial physiological group diversity in inoculated and control pig manure composting was studied by cultivation a method. Compared to control composting, the number of bacteria、actinomycetes、were increased 4.53%、6.37%respectively, and the total number of microorganism were increased 4.22%, and that fungi were decreased 65.93%. The results had shown that ZZMZ composting microeclogial modulator could stimulate microbial growth, quickened the composting, and shortened the composting cycle.

  目次

  The Study about Technology of the Bio-fertilizer Degrades Poisonous Evil of Douhuanglong in Paddy Field Zhao Liqin, Miao Deyu, Zhao Shu, Ye Xiwen 2007, 23 (8):  66-66.  Abstract + ( 1278 )   PDF ( 285256KB )   ( 488 ) It is is studied that that Bio-fertilizer degradation degree to Douhuanglong useing the manual simulation method. The results shown shows that the difference of plant height and blade age are not bigsignificant of difference treatments. Tillering of per plant of 17.781.20μg/kg treatments is more aboutabout one times than 0~8.890.4μg/kg treatments. Bio-fertilizer affects growth and the accumulation doing matter of the paddy rice, matter accumulation is the quickest and the root quantity is the most when 30kg/hm2 Bio-fertilizer is used in one hectare. The paddy rice maturation period defers about 10 day when Douhuanglong's residual amounts is 17.781.2μg/kg, The paddy rice maturation period of the treatments no using Bio-fertilizer is later 2~3 days than the treatments using Bio-fertilizer. The paddy rice output of the treats treatments using 30kg/hm2 is maximal when residual amounts of Douhuanglong are identical. The output of paddy rice reduces with residual amounts of Douhuanglong increasing, reduction of output is no more than 20% when residual amounts of Douhuanglong areis 0 ~ 8.89 & micro0.4μg/kg; reduction of output is about 50% when residual amounts of Douhuanglong is 1.2μg/kg.

  食品科学

  The Difference in the Aroma of Flue-cured Tobacco between Yunnan and Zimbabwe Shao Yan,, Fang Dunhuang, Deng Jianhua, Song Chunman, Zhou Qingming 2007, 23 (8):  70-70.  Abstract + ( 1697 )   PDF ( 133956KB )   ( 583 ) 【OBJECTIVE】In order to realize the difference in the aroma of flue-cured tobacco between Yunnan and Zimbabwe, guide for the study and production of partial substitution for import flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan, and improve of tobacco quality, the test was in progress. 【METHOD】The content of polyphenols, petrol ether extract, polytomic acid and higher fatty acid, and the volatile aroma of flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan partial substitution for import plant areas of China was determined by colorimetry, classical soxhlet extraction, sulfate methylization, GC-MS combined with simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction, respectively. And these results were analyzed and compared with that of Zimbabwe systematically.【RESULTS】Results showed that the content of petrol ether extract and degradation aromatic products from aromatic amino acid of the leaves at different stalk positions was more than that of Zimbabwe; but the content of polyphenols and higher fatty acid was lower than that of Zimbabwe. The content of cembranoid aroma in the upper leaves of Yunnan was more than that of Zimbabwe; but the content of polytomic acid, degradation aromatic products from carotenoids and Maillard reaction products was lower than that of Zimbabwe. The content of polytomic acid, degradation aromatic products from carotenoids and Maillard reaction products in the central and lower leaves of Yunnan was more than that of Zimbabwe; but the content of cembranoid aroma was lower than that of Zimbabwe. Devious difference of aroma of flue-cured tobacco between Yunnan and Zimbabwe exist in upper leaves, in particular the volatile aroma such as megastigmatrienone, 5,9,13-pentadecatrien-2-one, 6,10,14-trimethyl, 3-buten-1-one, 4-[2,6,6-trimethyl-1(or 2)-cyclohexen-1-yl], 3-furanmethanol, furfural, 2(4H)-benzofuranone, and 5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,4,7a-trimethyl, the nonvolatile aroma such as citric and oleic acid.【CONCLUSION】There was significant in the aroma of flue-cured tobacco between Yunnan and Zimbabwe, and the contene of aroma of upper leaves in Yunnna was less than that of Zimbabwe.

  Study on Export Qing-geng-cai to Answer for Japanese Positive List System Liu Xuan, Sun Caixia, Zhang Qianghua, Dong Guokun 2007, 23 (8):  75-75.  Abstract + ( 1198 )   PDF ( 131334KB )   ( 389 ) Since the implementation of “positive list system” on 29 may 2006 by Japan, Chinese agriculture product export has been greatly influenced. The subject of this article is characteristic product exporting to Japan--Qing-geng-Cai, whose MRLs in “positive list system”, Chinese standard, CAC, and the standard of other developed countries have been analyzed and studied. Considering the present practice of pesticide, we put forward reasonable suggestions, and hope to supply reference for Qing-geng cai export.

  Bee Product in Medical Health Care Application Characteristic and Development Erroneous Zone Analysis Bee Product in Medical Health Care Application Characteristic and Development Erroneous Zone Analysis 2007, 23 (8):  80-80.  Abstract + ( 1290 )   PDF ( 110907KB )   ( 400 ) This article through to the bee product in medical health care application history, the characteristic, the mechanism inquired about and so on the aspect elaboration, has carried on the analysis to the bee product in medical health care application characteristic and the development erroneous zone, proposed must overcome in the understanding the limitation, promotes with great effort the bee to cure the medicine the scientific style, the modernization, must highlight using the bee product pointed and the suggestion urgently awaits the standard bee product in medical health care application horizontal limitation, the solution to be narrow, the simplification, to stagnate the phenomenon, the implementation dialectical conclusion.

  Influential Factors and Regulation on Nicotine Content Shao Huifang, Jiao Guizhen, Liu Jinxia, Yu Jianjun 2007, 23 (8):  84-84.  Abstract + ( 1522 )   PDF ( 140444KB )   ( 562 ) According to the problems of the higher nicotine contents in tobacco leaves especially top leaves and reducing usability of tobacco leaves in recent years.by analysis of the Influential Factors of breed,climate, soil, elevation as well as other agronomic treatments including mineral elements of N, P, K, transplanting time, plant population, topping, plant growth regulator,the authors put forward the technical measures of reducing nicotine and enhancing the usability of tobacco leaves: ①cultivating breeds with proper nicotine contents; ②shifting the tobacco cultivation toward proper area; ③applying the right amount of N, P, K, balancing applying microelement; ④Rational ascertaining transplanting time , topping density and leaves remainedt; ⑤adopting the plant growth regulator; ⑥reduction of nicotine by supercritical CO2 extraction; ⑦microbial degradation of nicotine etc.

  Analysis of Climate factors and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves in Xuanen Tobacco-growing Areas of Hubei Province Jiao Jinghua, Bi Qingwen, Xu Zicheng, Wang Haiming, Liu Chunkui 2007, 23 (8):  89-89.  Abstract + ( 1445 )   PDF ( 134266KB )   ( 577 ) Basic conditions for tobacco-growing areas, meteorological factors and quality of tobacco leaves were analyzed in Xuanen, Hubei Province. The results indicated that Xuanen tobacco-growing areas had a long frost-free period, high accumulated temperature of ≥10℃, and a long period of time with daily average temperature of ≥20℃; Xuanen tobacco leaves had distinguishing features of high appearance quality with orange or lemon-yellow color and full maturity; Xuanen tobacco leaves had higher filling power, reasonable chemical components and good sensory evaluation.

  农业基础科学

  Synthesis of a Alkyl-diol Silica and Application as Pre-column in Coupled-column High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for Atrazines Xia Baigen, Meng Lei, Wang Caixia, Zhang Fenlan 2007, 23 (8):  94-94.  Abstract + ( 1473 )   PDF ( 205684KB )   ( 497 ) A alkyl-diol silica was synthesized by three steps：first，γ-Chloropropylsilane-substituting of silica, then esterifying of γ-Chloropropylsilane-substituted silica and last digesting of ester by lipase. Under 20MPa pressure, pre-column were packed with the material(35×4.6mm I.D). Efficient on-line clean-up and concentration atrazine and simazine was studied by the pre-column as the first column and an ODS column (250mm×4.6mm I.D) as the second column ( analytical column). Sample matrix are discharged by the pre-column. The mobile phases applied consisted of 0.1% HOAc (pH3.0) acetonitrile-water on extraction column with UV detection at 225nm. Then, coupled-column liquid chromatographic methods for the direct analysis of atrazine and simazine in urine was established. As a result, the system showed good chromatographic property in the on-line analysis of atrazine and simazine in urine.

  Polymorphism of biological characteristics of Eichhornia crassipes Huang Xiaoyun, Lan Jianglin, Su Mingxing, Shi Huai, Lin Kanmei, Zhu Yujing 2007, 23 (8):  98-98.  Abstract + ( 1642 )   PDF ( 248586KB )   ( 550 ) 【OBJECTIVE】 to study the polymorphism of biological characteristics of Eichhornia crassipes and supply theoretical evidences for studies on it ecological characteristics and reasonable control. 【METHOD】E. crassipes plants were collected from fish pound, sewage, pond and clean-water pond. The shapes and sizes of roots, stems and leaves of the E. crassipes plants were observed, recorded and taken photos【RESULTS】E. crassipes could grow new roots when with root or without root. The shape of E. crassipes was polymorphous, which could be related to the water quality. The development of E. crassipes leaves had polymorphism too, growing independently or with wraping-leaf. Besides, parts of leaves could grow new rhizome companying with new roots of long on the top and short on the below, which formed a new plant late.【CONCLUSION】E. crassipes possessed strong growth ability, and its biological characteristics were polymorphous.

  林业科学

  Study on Physiological Response of the Activity of Cell Defense Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation of Slash Pine’s Half-sib under Water Stress Tong Fanngping,,, Fang Wei, Ma Lvyi, Song Qingan., Long Yingzhong, Wu Jiyou, Yi Aiqin,, Cheng Yong 2007, 23 (8):  102-102.  Abstract + ( 1664 )   Applied with test of potted plant and measurement absorbency for study physiological response of activity of cell defense enzymes and lipid peroxidation of slash pine’s half-sib under water stress. There are 7 families comparison with general slash pine(ab. CK). The contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase (CAT), antioxidant (AsA), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the rate of superoxide anion(-O2) generating are mensurated under normal water condition while soil water content is 70% and light water stress while soil water content is 55% to 60% and medium water stress while soil water content is 35% to 40% and heavy water stress while soil water content is 20% to 25%. The test result indicate that either water grads or families of contents of SOD,CAT,AsA,MDA are mighty notable difference. The rate of -O2 generating is notable difference within families. The rate of -O2 generating is mighty notable difference within water grades. The activity of SOD and content of MDA are up with increasing of water stress. The relationship of SOD, MDA and content of soil water is linear. The activity of CAT, AsA increase slowly in primary phase of water stress. Opposite the CAT increase sharply in anaphase of water stress. The activity of AsA up obvious and has maximum in metaphase of water stress. Opposite activity of AsA decline sharply in anaphase of water stress. The rate of -O2 generating decline slowly in primary phase of water stress and continue decline sharply in metaphase of water stress and up slightly in anaphase, but the value of rate of -O2 generating in anaphase is lower than in primary in water stress. They can clean MDA and activity oxygen and other injurant. Escaping MDA and phase. The SOD, CAT, AsA in body of slash pine’s half-sib have function normal and accordantly activity oxygen accumulate mass and keep full unction of cell and escape disturbing to physiological metabolize of slash pine’s half-sib and keep them develop normal and escape them injure. The SOD,CAT,AsA,MDA and rate of -O2 generating are not obvious rule within slash pine’s half-sib and CK on water stress. There are not significant protecting dominance within slash pine’s half-sib on water stress.

  Preliminary Investigation on Time and Space Variation of Structure of Soil Arthropod Community in Artificial and Secondary Forest in the Ecotone of Forest-steppe Zhu Xinyu, Gao Baojia, Hu Yunchuan, Ge Jingru 2007, 23 (8):  108-108.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   In this study, time and space variation of structure of soil arthropod community in artificial and secondary forests in the ecotone of forest-steppe at northern part of Hebei province, were investigated thoroughly. The results showed that Arcarina and Collembola were the dominant groups. The groups of soil arthropod varied with seasons, being the maximum in summer, fewer in autumn, and the minimum in spring. But the individuals of soil arthropod were the maximum in autumn and the minimum in summer. The group and individual numbers of macro and meso fauna had different rules in different plots. The research showed that the numbers of groups and individuals in secondary forest were greater, and the diversity was higher than artificial forest. The group and individual numbers of soil arthropod were reduced in the three different areas, and they showed obviously natural of surface gathering, but in some plots there were the contrary rule.

  Study on Clone Selection for Passiflora Edulis Sims Wang Xiurong, Zhao Yang 2007, 23 (8):  113-113.  Abstract + ( 1092 )   Through investigating the fruit yield per tree, bloom yield, fruit size, growth situation and disease situation of 35 Passiflora edulis Sims clones, 11 clones were selected in a selected rate of 31.4% after assessing each clone through calculus and the yield increased with 80.2%

  Influence of Different Drying in the Air on Water Content and Survival Rate of Jujube Seedling Bi Huitao, Li Jidong, Wang Zhe, Feng Jiancan 2007, 23 (8):  117-117.  Abstract + ( 1551 )   Water content has important influence on survival rate when transplant seedlings. The author object to study the effects of different drying treatment on Jujube transplanting seedlings survival rate. Different drying in the air treatment on one-year-old Jujube grafting seedlings were carried out. The results indicated that drying in the air causes the seedlings dehydrate, accordingly reduce the survival rate. Water content of seedling decreased along with the drying time in the air. A drying time not surpass 1.5 days when transplanting is proposed, otherwise, the transplanted seedlings would die massively hence the survival rate reduces greatly.

  农艺科学

  The properties of the accumulation and partitioning of nutrients in early season and ratoon rice(Oryza sativa L) under different cultivation models Lin Ruiyu,, Chen Hongfei, Deng Jiayao, Liang Yiyuan, Liang Kangjing, Lin Wenxiong,, 2007, 23 (8):  121-121.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   【OBJECTIVE】The objective was to reveal characteristics of nutrients accumulation and distribution in early and ratoon rice under different cultivation models; 【METHOD】Dry weight and nutrients contents in the rice plants were determined at different developmental stages, using a new combination hybrid rice II Youhang 1 under super high-yield cultivation (SHC) and conventional cultivation(CC) models;【RESULTS】The results showed that the accumulated N, P and K in the plant were 15.06 g/m2, 4.58 g/m2 and 15.8 g/m2 at the fully ripening stage under SHC models, which were 47.2%, 21.2% higher and 9.1% lower than those under CC models respectively. The nutrients partitioned into grain were 50.5%, 47.8% and 25.3%, they were approximately equal to those as mentioned above. The production efficiencies of N, P and K were 75.39 kg/kg, 247.9 kg?kg-1 and 71.9 kg/kg respectively, showing higher use efficiency of P and K. The accumulated N, P and K in ratoon rice plants were 10.9 g/m2, 4.05 g/m2 and 12.9 g/m2respectively at fully ripening stage, which were 38.0%, 30.5% and 78.3% higher than those CC models. The partitioned ratio of nutrients into grain were 51.0%, 68.1% and 15.5%, which was 9.1% lower for N and 7.0% lower for K than that in rice under CC models. The use efficiencies of N, P and K were 75.60 kg/kg, 203.5 kg/kg and 63.9 kg/kg respectively, showing lower use efficiency of N and K for SHC models. The demands for N, P and K in the early season rice in SHC models were 17.9 g/m2, 6.77 g/m2, 34.9 g/m2, which were 54.3%, 35.4% and 73.6% higher than those in CC models respectively, and 9.59 g/m2 N, 3.61 g/m2P, 17.20 g/m2 K were needed in the ratoon rice crop, showing 61.2%,43.8% and 361.1% higher than those in CC models;【CONCLUSION】In a word, a higher nutrients demand, accompanying with more smoothly absorption and translocation of N, P and K which were beneficial to nutrients partition in the plants and enhanced production, but further effort must be made to enhance the utilization efficiency of N and K.

  目次

  Effect of varieties on rice quality of early ripen japonica rice in cold region Lv Bin 2007, 23 (8):  130-130.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   The effect of rice varieties cultivated in Heilongjiang province on quality of early ripening japanica rice was studied through contrast test and statistic analysis. The purpose of this study is to supply with theoretical base and technique support on screening high quality rice varieties and high yield cultivation technique. The major result is as follows.（1）In the three milling quality of different ripening varieties, the mean value of brown rice was 83.1%、82.9%、83.1% and 83.0% respectively, the mean value of milled rice was 71.9%、71.9%、72.0% and 73.0% respectively. The brown rice of different ripening varieties had a little difference, however, the milled rice of late ripening rice varieties was a little higher than that of other varieties. The average value of head yield was 61.7%、61.7%、66.5% and 67.2% respectively among different ripening varieties. The head yield of late ripening rice varieties was high than other varieties. The cv of milled rice of late ripening rice varieties was 1.2% lower than that of other varieties. It suggested that milled rice was different among varieties. The positive relationship（0.0566） between chalk rice rate and gel consistency was found and the chalk rice rate was negatively related with milled rice（-0.4827）. Therefore, lower chalk rice rate germplasm resource is important to rice breading. （2）The amylose content is an important index which affect rice taste quality. The results showed that the amylose content was between 16.67% to 22.40%, the average value was 18.8%. The difference among varieties was great. The amylose content was significantly negatively related with protain content (-0.8207).

  农艺科学

  Approaches and Techniques in Super-high-yielding Cultivation in Rice Zhan Hao, Du Yong, Yang Jianchang 2007, 23 (8):  136-136.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   Rice is the most important food crop in China. The realization of its super-high-yielding has great significance in ensuring food security in this country. This paper surveyed the origin, concept and necessity in the research of the super-high-yielding of rice, discussed several questions and reviewed the approaches and techniques in the super-high-yielding cultivation, and put forward key points on the super-high- yielding research in rice at present and in near future

  目次

  Analysis on Lodging Resistance of Tiyou 418 and Liaoyou 5218 with Higher Stems and Bigger Panicles Zhang Zhongxu,, Sui Guomin,, Hua Zetian, Li Quanying, Hao Xianbin, Zhu Baocheng, Yao Jipan, Su Yu’an 2007, 23 (8):  141-141.  Abstract + ( 1400 )   Lodging resistance capability of hybrid japonica rice Tiyou 418 and Liaoyou 5218 were investigated under higher fertility condition. The results suggested that Tiyou 418 and Liaoyou 5218 possessed ideal stalk physical characteristics of lodging resistance, such as shorter basal and second internodes, longer major and minor axis of over cross section of basal stem, wider wall thickness and bigger area of wall section of basal stem. Thus plants showed stronger lodging resistance capability. By shortening the length of the first and second internode, improving the intensity of physical characters of basal stalks, lowering the position of panicles, increasing the length of panicle and neck-panicle properly, lodging resistance of hybrid japonica rice was strengthened. So the contradiction among the lodging resistance, plant height and biomass were settled at a level of higher yield.

  农艺科学

  An Analytical Review on the Performance of Cultivar Mixture of Triticeae Crops Zhang Xinjun, Lv Runhai, Liang Weili 2007, 23 (8):  146-146.  Abstract + ( 1427 )   Cultivar mixtures have been broadly concerned for its advantages over pure stands in yield, yield stability, disease resistance, grain quality, etc. There have been lots of researches on this topic in the world, among which many have been done with Triticeae crops. This paper gives an analytical review on research outputs on this topic, comments on the performance of cultivar mixtures of Triticeae crops, summarizes the mechanisms under those effects, and suggests some issues to be paid attention on in applying cultivar mixture and making further studies on this topic.

  Preliminary Evaluation on the Rice Germplasm Introduced from the GUVA in Cold Region Cong Wanbiao 2007, 23 (8):  150-150.  Abstract + ( 1355 )   To enrich resources of rice germplasm in cold regions, 41 rice varieties or lines from GUVA were planted and evaluated on maturity, blast resistance, cold tolerance and plant types in cold region for the first time. The appraisal showed that the varieties or lines generally performed rather late maturity, high blast resistance, high cold tolerance and ideal plant types, indicating that some varieties or lines with earlier maturity, blast resistance, cold tolerance and ideal plant types should be used in rice breeding to broaden the genetic background of rice germplasm in cold regions.

  S572.022 Zhang Yihan, Yu Haiqin 2007, 23 (8):  153-153.  Abstract + ( 1328 )   Newly-introduced and early maturity tobacco variety of PVH19 was tested at 16 places. The results are as follow: PVH19 grow rather uniformly in the field with tower shapes; The been topped plant height of PVH19 is 107.5 cm with 19.7 harvestable leaves; The leaf is in ellipse shape with moderate angle between leaf and stalk, and with moderate to strong leaf midrib; The yield is similar to the yield of K326, and average days needed for staying in the field from being transplanted to being harvested is 111.9 d, shorter 11 days than K326; PVH19 is resistant to the TMV, moderately resistant to the black shank and brown spot; The flue-cured leaves are yellow with most in orange color, the luster of the cured leaves is moderate to strong with moderate oil and loose structure, and the leaf is in moderate to thin thickness, and is good in quality. It indicated that tobacco variety of PVH19 is early maturity, wide adaptability, rich comprehensive resistance to diseases, high quality and appropriate yield.

  目次

  Appraisal and Method Comparison of Salt Tolerance among Sunflower Hybrid between Home and Abroad Chen Quanzhan, Yang Wenjie , Zheng Qingsong 2007, 23 (8):  156-156.  Abstract + ( 1489 )   Salinity is a major environmental stress and is a substantial constraint to crop production. Increased salinization of arable land is expected to have devastating global effects. Sunflower hybrid is provided with high salt tolerance and called as a pioneer crop plant in saline soil. Sunflower hybrid G101 from America is a very good species due to crop production and environmental adaptation and planted in many countries. Gravel culture（Seedling period）and pot(The whole peroid) experiments were studied to determined salt tolerance of sunflower hybrid G101 from America and new hybrid K102, K5 from our country to appraise and compare their salt tolerance. The result showed that oleic sunflower was provided with excellent salt tolerance during seedling emergence. Different concentrations of salt (0.2% ~ 0.6% NaCl) didn’t decreased seedling emergence, only delayed seeding emergence. 0.2% ~ 0.6% NaCl delayed sunflower development and inhibited remarkablely plant height, stem width, fruit disk area and decreased dry weight of seeds. All oleic sunflower hybrids didn’t spend their whole life phases under soil contained 0.6% NaCl and so did K5 under soil contained 0.4% NaCl. It suggests that the salt tolerance of oleic sunflower as a glycophyte is restricted. Sequence of salt tolerance from high to low was: G101>K102>K5.Conclusions from different methods were different, The whole period experiment is still indispensable for appraisal of plant salt tolerance.

  农艺科学

  Study on the Relation Between Topping with TSNA Accumulation of Flue-cured Tobacco Wang Anyun, Qin Xiyun 2007, 23 (8):  161-161.  Abstract + ( 1369 )   In order to find the measures of reducing the TSNA contents of tobacco, there are three different topping treatment on the flue-cured tobacco K326, Hongda and Yunyuan 85 ,the TSNA of sample of green leaf and mature leaf was detected by using the method of international criterion during different stage, so that find the variation law. The result showed that the TSNA of the three flue-cured tobacco was accumulated during the matured leaves stage, green leaves were very low. Topping of full blooming could reduced the TSNA contents of K326 and Hongda to 11.3%、10.3%, Topping of few flowers could reduced the TSNA contents of Yunyuan85 to 4.9 %. the total TSNA of the mature leaf of the three flue-cured tobacco, NNK was the highest、 NAT was the second 、NNN was the third 、NAB was the lowest，NNK of normal topping was 60%-70% total TSNA contents.

  The Experiment on Drought Tolerance Identification of Different Supersweet Corn Cultivars in Guangdong Li Yuliang, Zheng Jinrong, Hu Jianguang, Liu Xiaojin, Liu Jianhua, Li Gaoke 2007, 23 (8):  171-171.  Abstract + ( 1620 )   Using a planstic rain shelter to keep off precipitation, a field experiment on the interval of anthesis and silking (ASI), nutrition organs and yield component characters of the eight supersweet corn cultivars was conducted under different water stress treatments by controlled irrigation. The results showed that ASI of the different cultivars were delayed at different degree, nutrition traits and yield component characters gradually declined under drought stress. the characters of the eight supersweet corn cultivars under mild water stress were influenced more heavy than those of under light water stress. Compered with control, the characters of partial supersweet corn cultivars under mild water stress were significant or more. The comprehensive evaluation to drought tolerance identification of supersweet corn cultivars was concluded through ASI, yield and their drought tolerance coefficients combined with nutrition organs and yield component characters. Yuetian 13 and Zhengtian 38 were the most drought-tolerance and the recommended cultivars as drought tolerance on agricultural production.

  Researches on Yields and Economic Benefit of Spring Maize under Different Fertilization Mode of Conservation Tillage Yang Haitao, Zhao Jiuran, Li Ruiyuan, Chen Guoping, Zhang Hailin 2007, 23 (8):  176-176.  Abstract + ( 1523 )   The conventional fertilization mode is not fit for conservation tillage, Conservation tillage mostly consists of no tillage or minimum tillage and the straw or stubble is often on the surface of the land, which results that fertilizer can not be mixed equably into the soil. In order to resolve the problem of insufficient amounts of fertilizer, simplex fertilization mode and lacking mulch on the soil surface, utilize the balanced fertilization methods to determine the amounts of fertilizer, design the experiment in blocks split. The main treatments include conventional tillage(A1), no tillage with stubbles mulch(A2), no tillage with whole stalks mulch(A3). The secondary treatments include once topdressing Urea(B1) and twice topdressing Urea(B2) under P and K applied with sowing. Analyzed the yields and economic benefit under different fertilization mode of conservation tillage. The results of the experiments showed as follows: There was a close correlation between the achievement of target yield and fertilization mode in the case of fixed amounts of fertilizer , concluded that no tillage with whole stalks mulch mode and twice topdressing urea mode (A3B2) was the optimum combination, and also with highest economic benefit. According to two years experiments, summarized the main points of fertilization management of spring maize under conservation tillage.

  The Influence of Different Ecological Condition on Growth and Yield of Corn Variety Zhengdan 22 Zhang Aiqin, Liu Wencheng，Hao Zhian 2007, 23 (8):  181-181.  Abstract + ( 1198 )   The influence of different ecological condition on growth and yield of corn variety Zhengdan 22 was studied through sowing-date experiment at Ayang city. The yield, ear row number, and row grain number dropped, the growing process quickened , the maximum leaf area index and dry matter accumulation declined, along with the postponement of summer sowing, The ecological adaptability for high yield of Zhengdan 22 was that whole growing accumulated temperature was 2835.1~3038.2℃ and whole growing daily mean temperature was 25.3~25.7℃, whole growing accumulated sunshine hour was 484.2~630.4h and whole growing daily mean sunshine hour was 4.3~5.3h.

  Influence of high temperature before winter and Sowing time and Density on Dynamic Growth of Individual and Population at seedling stage of wheat Liang Zhigang, Wang JuanLing, Cui Huanhu, Wang Yuzhi, Jing hua 2007, 23 (8):  185-185.  Abstract + ( 1410 )   Study of influence of sowing time and density on dynamic growth of individual and population was conducted in seedling stage of wheat by using the design of continuous increase in sowing density in Linfen Shanxi. The result showed: in the years with high air temperature before winter, with the increase of sowing density which is from 225 to 450 ten thousands grains /hm2, plant height increased, but Tillering per plant, Secondary root per plant and green leaves per plant decreased, there was notable difference among every densities in every traits used in this test but stem leaves, during September 24-October 04, with the deferment of seedtime, plant height, stem leaves and secondary root per plant diminished, there were more Tillering and leaves per plant when wheat was sowed on September 29. the influence of variation coefficient of per plant, stem leaves, secondary root per plant and green leaves per plant was different between sowing time and density. The population before winter was under 12 millions/hm2 sowed on September 24 and over 12 millions/hm2 sowed on September 29 in all 4 sowing quantities. The cross sowed on October 4 and with 2250 thousands /hm2 sowing quantities was ideal in this test.

  目次

  The Studies of Variety Character and Reproduction Techniques of Glutinous Sorghum Variety Xiangliangyou 1 Du Zhigui, Lou Yiren, Lou Wenmei 2007, 23 (8):  190-190.  Abstract + ( 1396 )   Glutinous sorghum variety XiangLiangYou1 is bred through crossing the XiangGlutinousSorghums-1 and Xiang 10721, by the theory of making nucleas steril with the effect of temperature and ray .it’s the first new variety in the world which is bred by two-systems method .what is it different from the other generic varieties about hybrid preponderance ,variety’s characteristic and autuman -patch’s ability of regeneration ? Moreover ,the native usually only plants the spring-patch and no autuman-patch. In this article , the aim of author is how to confirm the time of cutting the spring-patch and the time of making autuman-patch grow spike safely according to ZheJiang climate. After doing experiment and researching for 5 years ,the author has cleared that this double have strong stems, compact figure ,distinct hybrid preponderance ,wide adaptability ,high yield ,strong regenerantion and their growing time is short .the author has grasped how to confirm the harvest-time of spring-patch and the technology of regeneration of autuman-patch.

  农艺科学

  Study on the Principal component and genetic distance of quantitive traits of vegetable soybean Jiang Yongping, Wu Chunfang, Chen Hui 2007, 23 (8):  193-193.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   【Objective】To grope assoeted method in vegetable soybean and analysis the genetic distance of the quantitative characters between vegetable soybean cultivars; 【Method】 According to the analysis method ,12 cultivars of vegetable soybean were analyzed. The genetic distance of the cultivars was calculated. Deviation square method was also applied to cluster analysis; 【Result】 16 quantitative characters can be simplified 4 principal components, plant type factor, yield factor, pod factor and kernel type factor. These 4 principal components can account for 91.54% variance. According to the principal components, the genetic distance between cultivars was calculated, averaging 4.63. By cluster analyzing, 12 cultivators were classified into 4 groups. It was found that some varieties whose genetic distance was close were classified into geographic distant groups, and some varieties whose pedigree was close had larger genetic distance due to the different selection criteria. 【Conclusion】 During breeding vegetable soybean cultivar, the value of the principal components should be made sure, according to target of breeding. To evaluate genetic difference of castor germless, the geography origin and pedigree couldn’t be regarded as the basis only.

  植物生理科学

  Effect of Irrigation Quantity in Xinjiang Arid Region on Photosynthesis Characters of Long -fibre Cotton Yang Tao, Ma Xingwang, Zhong Xincai, Feng Yaozu, Zhou Bo, LI Pan,Yang Peilin, Wang Fang 2007, 23 (8):  198-198.  Abstract + ( 1461 )   The research for studying the Xinjiang arid region on photosynthesis characters of Xinhai 14 Long-fibre Cotton under conditions of five artificial irrigation droughts. The result showed under the different conditions of irrigation , when W was 7650m3/hm2 , the curve of diurnal variation of leaf photosynthesis showed single peak, with the irrigation quantity dropping .The curve of diurnal variation of leaf photosynthesis showed two single peak. The light compensation point of photosynthesis of Xinhai 14 Long-fibre Cotton leaves were 50μmol/m2·s；when W were 2850m3/hm2，the light saturation point of photosynthesis of Xinhai 14 Long-fibre Cotton leaves were 310μmol/m2·s , when the W was 5475m3/hm2 and over the light saturation point were 1280μmol/m2·s.The leaf net photosynthesis(Pn) rate and transpiration rate increased with the raise of irrigation quantity，the stoma resistance drooped with the raise of irrigation quantity. The water use effciency(WUE) raised with the dropping of irrigation quantity. The yield of cotton was the most sensitive to irrigation quantity.Positive correlation appeared between the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate .There was a significant negative correlation between Pn and the stoma resistance. The optimum irrigation quantity of Pn was 6945 m3/hm2，at which the plant needs irrigation quantity，was 5250m3/hm2.

  植物保护科学

  Methodology of Quantitative Structure-property Relationships in Drug Design Qin Xiaoping,, Lin Birun, Wang Zhenzhong 2007, 23 (8):  203-203.  Abstract + ( 1106 )   Quantitative structure-property relationship(QSPR) plays a important role in lead structure optimization. It decreases the number of compounds synthesized by facilitating the selection of the most promising examples. The purpose of this paper is to provide a broad overview of the development of QSPR, which will be very useful for development of novel pharmaceuticals. The components involved in the construction of QSPR are reviewed, including discussed various types of structural descriptors and properties, together with techniques to establish correlations between the two.

  植物生理科学

  Study on the Physiological Biochemistry of Pre-harvest Sprouting and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Glume in Rice Cai Jianxiu, Chen Wei 2007, 23 (8):  207-207.  Abstract + ( 1894 )   Scanning electron microscopy of easy or uneasy-germinated glumes, determining the contents of endogenous hormones and the activity of α-amylase were studied from 1~4 day pre-harvest sprouting rice (Oryza sativa ssp.japonica). The results showed that the activity of α-amylase and the contents of IAA、GA1+3 and ZR were higher in easy-germinated rice than those in the uneasy-germinated rice, while ABA content in easy-germinated rice was lower than that in uneasy-germinated rice. The change of GA1+3/ABA rate accorded with that of GA1+3. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the cell surface of glume was loose arranged with more villus and bigger hole and germinal aperture, which had lesser mechanism resistance and better water absorptivity in easy-germinated rice. This research also indicated that pre-harvest sprouting related to α-amylase activity, endogenous hormone contents and glume structure in rice.

  Review on the Factors to Influence on the Metabolism of Sugars and Acids in Peach Fruit Li Yanping, Niu Jianxin, Chen Qing 2007, 23 (8):  212-212.  Abstract + ( 1501 )   Nutritional and flavor quality is closely dependent on the composition of sugars and acids in peach fruit. In the paper, the composition of sugars and acids and the characteristics of their metabolism in peach fruit were reviewed, on the basis of understanding inherent factors, i.e. genotype and idioplasm, and environmental factors i.e. temperature, light, water, which mainly influence on the components of sugar and acid in peach fruit. The cultivating practices, related to rootstock and tree architecture, flower and fruit thinning, pruning, bagging and hormones, etc were involved in the discussion on the impacts of sugar and acid composition, in order to present some theoretical guide to improve peach fruit quality.

  Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Photinia frasery Dress Chen Weiyuan ,Cao Jing, Jiang Wei-Bing 2007, 23 (8):  217-217.  Abstract + ( 1453 )   Effects of drought stress on the membrane injury and photosynthetic characteristics in the leaves of Photinia frasery Dress were studied. The results showed the relative water content, chlorophyll and carotonoid contents and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in leaves of Photinia frasery decreased with aggravation of drought stress, while the content of anthocyanin, Malondialdehyde and the membrane permeability inhanced significantly. Under light drought stress, Pn, stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) decreased at the same time, so the photosynthetic inhibition was due to stomatal limitation. Under moderate and severe drought stress, Ci increased with decrease of Pn and Gs，indicating the photosynthetic inhibition resulted from non-stomatal limatation.

  Physiological Mechanism of REE and Tobacco Production Li Hongxun 2007, 23 (8):  221-221.  Abstract + ( 1203 )   To provide a scientific basis for rare earth element popularization and application in flue-cured tobacco planting in Guizhou province, improve the quality and yield of tobacco cultivated, the penman summarized some advances in the research of relationship between rare earth elements physiological mechanism and tobacco production on distribution of the rare earth in tobacco plant, on chlorophyll formation of tobacco, on chloroplast structure, and on effects of photosynthetic enzyme such as RuBPcase,catalase,nitrate reductase of tobacco leaf

  The Effect of Ecological Factors on Reducing Sugar and Total Sugar of Flue-cured Tobacco Wang Xin, Xu Zicheng, Bi Qingwen, Yan Tiejun 2007, 23 (8):  225-225.  Abstract + ( 1261 )   Total sugar and reducing sugar were two commonly used indexes which we evaluated chemical components of tobacco leaf and the influences of ecological factors on the two were bigger than the variety and other factors.Therefore, only suitable ecological condition can produce flue-cured tobacco of moderate sugar content and coordination chemical components. This article analyzed the factors which influenced the reducing sugar and total sugar content;summarized research progress that ecological factors such as the temperature, sunlight, altitude, the soil moisture and soil nutrients affected total sugar and reducing sugar content.

  Effects of Cd2+ and Pb2+ on Seed Germination and Fastness Physiological Characteristics of Casuarina equisetifolia Chen Huaiyu, Li Yuhong, Lin YuanCan 2007, 23 (8):  229-229.  Abstract + ( 1248 )   This study discussed the effects of Cd2+、Pb2+ single and their Combined pollution on sprouts, MDA contents and SOD activitis of Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings. The results showed that the seed germination percentage, the height, length of roots, fresh weight, and dry weight of seedlings all obviously decreased with treatments of the increasing Cd2+、Pb2+ single and their Combined pollution concentrations; At the meantime, both the MDA contents and the SOD activity of Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings present increase tendency. Based on all above, Cd2+、Pb2+ single and their combined pollution led to some damage effects on seed germination of Casuarina equisetifolia. The results also suggest there is a cooperative effect of Cd2+and Pb2+ on seed germination，but there is an antagonist effect on membrane lipid oxidation and antioxidants physiological characteristics in a way.

  土壤肥料科学

  Spectroscopies of Soil Humic Substances: A Review Chen Lan, Tang Xiaohong, Wei Chaofu 2007, 23 (8):  233-233.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   The application of organic matter spectroscopies to characterization researches of soil humic substances have promoted the structural study achieves more development. Compared with the classic chemical analysis methods，the advantages of spectroscopies are minimal sample preparation，as well as being rapid, sensitive, noninvasive, accurate, informative and repeatable. However, people had not made sure of the structure characteres of soil humic substances, due to the complication and lack of advanced research means. For conquering the influence of extraction and pyrolysis on the structures and the limitation of spectroscopies, the main future researches are: (1) the extraction of soil humic substances. Extractant，methylating，hydrolysis，oxidation and reduction have influence on humics characterization; (2) the response to substances. The structure and chemical property of the same soil humic substances can vary with climate，parent material，altitude，vegetational form and soil management; and (3) the development of chemical analysis. Every spectroscopy has certain limitation because of some influencing factors，such as，sample preparation，analysis and operating condition，according，can attect the structure. And the standard spectrogram has not included all soil humic substances.

  目次

  Effect of drought stress on different gene type tobacco photosynthesis in vigorous growing period* Li Zhengfeng., Kong Guanghui, Zhang Xiaohai, Xia Yuzhen, Li Wenzheng, Li Tianfei, Yang Qinghui, Wu Bozhi 2007, 23 (8):  240-240.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   Drought resistance of 4 different tobacco cultivars(YH01、YH02、YH03、K326) was studied under drought conditions induced by controlling irrigation from their photosynthesis character in their vigorous growing stage which could afford academic directions for different planting environment of flue-cured tobacco. The result of the experiment indicated that the sensitivity and endurance for drought stress of 4 different tobacco cultivars were obvious diversity, and the order of anti-drought endurance among 4 different tobacco cultivars was YH02＞YH01＞YH03＞K326, which could offer reasonable planting system, academic directions for tobacco growth and breeding in different environment

  土壤肥料科学

  Difference and Mechanism of Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) in Different Winter Wheat Genotypes Zhang Minmin, Zhai Bingnian , Song Xiang , Li Shengxiu 2007, 23 (8):  245-245.  Abstract + ( 1584 )   After having been studying for past several years, the genotype with high effect high response (Xiaoyan22)and the genotype with low effect low response(Xiaoyan6) were screened from 10 local dominating winter wheat varieties (Shan253, Shan229, Xiaoyan 503, Shannong78, Shan225-47, Xiaoyan22, Xiaoyan128, Xiaoyan6, Xinong1043, Xinong2208). Under high, medium and low different nitrogen application rate, the field experiment was conducted to study the NUE difference of two different genotypes Xiaoyan22 and Xiaoyan6 and also study the physiological mechanism by analysing the content of chlorophyll, the NR activity and the photosynthesis daily change in the leaf in key growing stage. The results showed that there were significant differences between two genotypes in the NUE. The NUE of Xiaoyan22 was greater than that of Xiaoyan6.Nitrogen application could improve the NUE of different genotypes. The physiologic mechanism was found that the NR activity, the content of chlorophyll and the photosynthesis of the genotype with high NUE were more than that of one with low NUE in jointing stage.

  The Effects of Man Yuan Chun Brand Bio-organic Fertilizers on The Organic Tea Garden Wei Jingfeng Wen Zhaoming 2007, 23 (8):  250-250.  Abstract + ( 1348 )   【OBJECTIVE】This experimentation studied the ways of Non-hazardously treated of the Organic material and the effects of microbial fertilizers and fertilization effect of commodity Bio-organic fertilizers for high efficiency and cost saving cultivation. 【METHOD】Hen dung and peanut bran were decomposed by using Man Yuan Chun brand compost promoter. There are five treatments of different ways of using equivalent value and same nutrients Bio-organic fertilizers in every hectares. 【RESULTS】Man Yuan Chun brand merchandise Bio-organic fertilizers and microbial compost fertilizer can increase production and quality of tea fresh leaves and high economic effectiveness. Being used 25800kg microbial compost fertilizer and 90kg Bio-organic fertilizers compared with Being used equivalent value 7500kg Man Yuan Chun brand merchandise Bio-organic fertilizers, Hectares of tea garden can increase production 15% in spring and 4% the whole year and increase 8055.75 yuan in the value. Being used 7500kg Man Yuan Chun brand merchandise Bio-organic fertilizers compared with 10500kg compost fertilizer of same nutrients, hectares of tea garden can increase production 56.09% in spring and 17.4% the whole year and increase 17068.50 yuan in the value. 【CONCLUSION】Hectares of tea garden are applied base-fertilizers fertilizers and twice in containers can improve yield and quality and economic benefit by being used 25800kg microbial compost fertilizer and 90kg Bio-organic fertilizers or 7500kg merchandise Bio-organic fertilizers.

  The Effect of Root-divided Fertilization on Plant Growth and Fruit Yield in Cucumber Xiao Shengen, Shi Jinjie, Zheng Zhihua, Kong Lingyun，Xiong Liping 2007, 23 (8):  256-256.  Abstract + ( 1351 )   【OBJECTIVE】Optimizing the method of fertilizing for plant roots is the key strategy for high profitable production【METHOD】The effect of root-divided fertilization on plant growth and fruit yield was investigated using cucumber cultivar “Jinlvluyou” and “Zhongnong 203” as materials【Result】In the treatment of standard solution +1/2 standard solution for each half of root zone there was no significant reduction in total plant fresh weight and fruit yield although total quantity of fertilizer was reduced by 25%; in the treatment of 2 standard solution +water and that of 1.5 standard solution +0.5 standard solution total plant fresh weight was significantly increased by 23.2%and 16.6%, and fruit fresh weight was significantly improved by 34.2%and 27.1%,respectively, though total quantity of fertilizer was constant【CONCLUSION】It concluded that it could save fertilizers or improve the plant growth and fruit yield by root-divided fertilization in cucumber.

  The Effect of Fertilization on Maryland Tobacco at Different Ecological Environment Zhang Chendong 2007, 23 (8):  260-260.  Abstract + ( 1190 )   For the purpose of knowing the influences of different cultivation environment on Maryland tobacco and suggesting scientific fertilization ways, an experiment was conducted in two distinct areas of applying different amount of manuring, potassium to nitrogen ratio and nitrogen conformation on Maryland plants. The results showed that the amount of nitrogen application had a most influence on yield and nitrogen form did second. Furthermore, nitrate nitrogen conduced to reduce nicotine content and increase potassium content. It was not obvious to improve the surface quality and potassium content of Maryland tobacco leaves by increasing potash fertilization at alkalescent soil or over 120kg/hm2 of nitrogen application. Thus, to retain the characteristic of Maryland tobacco, the plants should be grown on feasible soil with pH＜7.5. The appropriate amount of nitrogen application should be 120~150kg/hm2 in which 50%~75% of nitrate nitrogen account for. potassium to nitrogen ratio could be confined to less than 3:1, and a lower ratio of 1.5:1 would be reasonable if potassium content in soil is not fairly low.

  Nitrogen Release Characteristics of Slow-release Fertilizer and Its Efficiency Zhao Qingbing，Xing Shangjun，Liu Chunsheng，Du Zhenyu，Liu Fangchun，Duan Chunhua，Feng Zhimin 2007, 23 (8):  265-265.  Abstract + ( 1635 )   Two slow-release nitrogen fertilizers (SRF) were self-produced by coating humic acid or fused calcium- magnesium phosphate on the surface of urea granule. Indoor soil culture and pot experiment were carried out to study the nitrogen release characteristic of SRF and its efficiency，respectively. The results of soil culture experiment showed that both two SRFs had significant effect of nitrogen slow release. After 24h’s incubation， the nitrogen release percentage of urea was 56.78%，however，which of SRFs was 15.28% and 11.58%， respectively. The results of pot experiment with corn showed that, compared with urea，SRFs significantly increased the yield and nitrogen uptake of corn as well as apparent nitrogen recovery, in which the SRF2 of coating urea with humid acid performed best.

  Effects of Nitrogen on Growth and Yield of Rice Lv Han No1 Yang Anzhong, Zhu Qisheng, Chen Zhouqian, Li Wei, Wang Shimei 2007, 23 (8):  269-269.  Abstract + ( 1454 )   Effect of nitrogen applied fertilizer on growth and yield of rice Lv Han No 1 was studied in pot experiment .The result showed that leaf area index and tiller and content of leaf chlorophyll and yield of Lv Han No 1 influenced for nitrogen applied fertilizer. Under 2.3 gram nitrogen per pot(260kg/hm2) , rice yield increased with the raise of nitrogen applied fertilizer and rice yield decreased when nitrogen applied exceed 2.3 per pot.

  Effects of diferent Nitrogen top dressing frequence on growth and development of flue-cured tobacco Xie huiling, Qi shaowu, Zhong bo, Liu yong, Chen yijun 2007, 23 (8):  273-273.  Abstract + ( 1591 )   【Objective】One of the key techniques to cultivate flue-cured tobacco is fertilizer applica- tion,including fertilizer rate,method of top dressing and the top dressing frequence,which affect the growth,development,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. 【Methods】this text takes the trial material with flue-cured tobacco K326,and the test is conducted to study the influence of nitrogen top dressing frequence on growth and development of flue-cured tobacco. 【Results】The results showed showed that the method of five times of fertilizer application is better than other treatment and compa- rison,and it help to growth and development of tobacco plants. 【Conclusion】the best modes of fertilizer application is five times,and it can be used for agricultural production..

  园艺园林科学

  The Changes of Postharvest Quality and Nutrient Content of Cauliflower and the Effects of Field Nutrition Rate on Them Wang Wenjun, Guo Xisheng, Wu Ji, Ye Shuya, Zhu Hongbin 2007, 23 (8):  276-276.  Abstract + ( 1398 )   The storage experiment was conducted to study the Changes of postharvest quality and Nutrient content of Cauliflower and the effects of field nutrition rate on the changes. The result indicated that the loss of Vc content was slight during storage period .K fertilizer had obvious protection to Vc content of cauliflower ,and the Vc content of cauliflower improved obviously during storage period. N fertilizer could not only reduce the the Vc content, but also could reduce the increase range of Vc content during storage period. The content of sugar and its increase range of cauliflower with K fertilizer was higher than that of without K fertilizer. Most amino acid content of cauliflower reduced, but the content of glutamic acid and aspartame improved along with the increasing application rate of N fertilizer. Potassium could reduce the increase range of glutamic acid content, but the modulation weakened with the increasing application rate of N fertilizer. Nitrogen content of leafs and scape reduced, while bud increased during storage period. Compared with the changing tendency of nitrogen content Ca and Mg were in adverse ,and had lower correlation with K fertilizer.

  Effects of Different Densities and Regenerative Methods on Grafted Eggplant Yield Yang Guodong, Zhou Baoli, Li Mo 2007, 23 (8):  280-280.  Abstract + ( 1495 )   Effects of different regenerative methods and densities on grafted eggplant yield were studied in three plant densities (41000plants/hm2, 48000plants/hm2 and 55000plants/hm2) and three regenerative methods (short pruning, middle pruning and long pruning) in greenhouse. The results indicated that there was vigorous root and stem growth in proper density with short pruning treatment, which accelerated transportation of water and mineral element in plant. These resulted in higher yield of eggplant.

  Climate and Ecological Adaptability of the Early-ripen Nectarine in Middle Area of Zhejiang Lou Weiping,Chen Huajiang,Yang Qiangzhu 2007, 23 (8):  283-283.  Abstract + ( 1193 )   【OBJECTIVE】To study the climate and ecological adaptability of the short low temperature type of early-ripen nectarines in Middle Area of Zhejiang【METHOD】Follow the climate in middle area of zhejiang, from 2000 to 2006,the introduction test had hold to four species of the short low temperature type of early-ripen nectarines【RESULTS】The local winter temperature could satisfy peach blossom bud differentiation's needing，and fruits picked from mid-May to the beginning of June，it’s quality apprpached in the original habitat,and the cracking rate was under 5%, diseases and pests were lightened, 95% of salable pot fruits could be produced, economic benefits was high【CONCLUSION】The short low temperature type of early-ripen nectarines could adapt weather condition in middle area of zhejiang.

  目次

  Effects of NaCl Stress on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics in Chinese cabbage Seedling Xue Li,, Zhang Fenglan, Yu Shuancang, Zhu Yuelin, Yu Yangjun, Zhang Deshuang, Zhao Xiuyun, Xu Jiabing 2007, 23 (8):  287-287.  Abstract + ( 1636 )   To study the salt-tolerant mechanism , select the salt-tolerant indicators and find a method for judging salt-tolerance of Chinese cabbage at seeding stage, Six cultivars with different salt tolerance were used in this study, and Hoagland solution culture method was applied to investigate the dynamic of several physical and biochemical indexes, such as the content of proline, soluble sugars, free Amino acid and MDA in the leaves of Chinese cabbage, under different NaCl-stress pressure. The results showed that, with the increase of salt concentration and the prolonging time of NaCl stress, the contents of proline, soluble sugar，free Amino acid and MDA increased gradually and the salt injury index increased differently among cultivars. The salt injury index and MDA content were distinguishable in various cultivars and could be used to select salt tolerant germplasm in Chinese cabbage at seeding stage．

  园艺园林科学

  Analyses on tomato fruit dry matter production for over-winter cultivation in solar greenhouse Zhu Jinyu, Li Yaling 2007, 23 (8):  294-294.  Abstract + ( 1441 )   In commercial production, the fruit yield of greenhouse tomato is the sum of all fruit trusses, and decided by the dry matte distribution to each fruit truss, studies each fruit truss dry matter production rule will to be helpful to understand the entire fruit dynamic production. In present study, a source-sink growth unit was adopted that was made up of a fruit truss and the three pieces of leaves just below the truss and its stem for understanding the fruit dry matter production. The results showed that: the leaf area index increased linearly up to 3.3 within the first three months after transplanting, and afterwards maintained about 2.6 with the balance of leaf pruning and leaf growing. The cumulated dry weight was divided into slow phase and quick phase obviously. At the end of 202 days growing, the dry matter production was accumulated about 1.6kg/m2. During fruiting period, the aboveground dry matter distributed to the fruit was accounted for 70%. For a source-sink growth unit, the distribution of the fruit dry matter is between 98% and 48%, with the decrease about 6% with increasing fruit truss number (the lowest fruit truss is the truss No.1), supposing the seven fruit trusses simultaneously existed in the same plant. This is probably related to fruit sink strength, when the ripe fruit was harvested, the distribution of the next fruit dry matter will increase. The ratio of dry matter distribution between the stems and the leaves was 3: 7 except for the 1st source-sink growth unit.

  目次

  The Analysis of the Genetic Diversity on the Quality traits of the Tomato Lines Chen Xian, Gong Yuansheng, Yang De 2007, 23 (8):  300-300.  Abstract + ( 1415 )   Of 12 tomato lines, the analysis on the 4 fruit nourishment quality traits (the contents of vitamin C, total soluble solids and dry matter and ratio of sugar-acid ) was carried out to study the four kinds of disparities, which included the interspecific one, the one between two varieties in the same species , the one between the lines bred by different means in the same variety ,and the one between the different fruit-shaped lines in the same variety .The analytic method of orthogonal comparison of single degree of freedom was applied. The results showed that the line of Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium was better than the average of the lines of L.esculentum in the 4 traits at significant level of 1%, the average of the lines of var.cerasiforme was better than the average of the lines of var.vulgare in the 4 traits at significant level of 5% or 1%,and the two space mutation line(YH02-2 or YH02-6) was better than the average of the other lines of the same variation in the 4 trait, respectively, at significant level of 1%. Of the lines of var.cerasiforme , the lines with pear fruit were lower than the average of the lines with round-shaped or plum-shaped fruits in the 2traits(the contents of vitamin C and total soluble solids) , at significant level of 1%，the lines with plum-shaped fruits were higher than the average of the lines with round-shaped fruits, at significant level of 1%，and the lines with yellow-colored fruits(YH02-11) was lower than the average of the lines with red-colored fruits(YH02-1and YH02-7) in the trait of the contents of vitamin C. In conclusion, the best lines were YH02-12、YH02-2、YH02-6 and YH02-9, the average of the lines of var.cerasiforme was better than the average of the lines of var.vulgare in the 4 traits ,and the lines with pear fruit were lower than the average of the other lines of var.cerasiforme in the 4 traits.

  园艺园林科学

  Effects of Different Topping Positions on Leaf Senescence of Muskmelon in Solar Greenhouse Effects of Different Topping Positions on Leaf Senescence of Muskmelon in Solar Greenhouse 2007, 23 (8):  306-306.  Abstract + ( 1442 )   Effects of different topping positions on leaf senescence were studied using the muskmelon varieties of Honey World and Luhoutian No. 2 grown in solar greenhouse by analyzing the contents of soluble protein (Pr), chlorophyll (Chl) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activity of peroxidase (POD). The results indicated that the physiological activities of leaves (adjacent to fruits) for the plants topped at the 18th and 24th nodes were stronger than those topped at the 30th node within 7 days after pollination. The contents of Pr and Chl of the former were obviously higher than the later, and the MDA content and POD activity were lower than that. After 14 days of pollination, the topping at the 24th node retarded leaf senescence, and its effect was superior to those at the 18th and 30th nodes. After being topped, the changes of physiological indexes for leaves at different nodes further confirmed that the topping at the 24th node can retard the leaf senescence remarkably. To sum up, about the 24th node was the proper topping position, and it can be raised for the premature cultivar while it should be reduced for the serotinous cultivar.

  The Effect of Fertilizer Quantity on the Growth and Development of Cucumber in the Eco-organic Soilless Culture System Shou Weisong, Lei Juanli,Dong Wenqi, Zhu Zhujun, Xu Zhihao,Lin Baihe 2007, 23 (8):  311-311.  Abstract + ( 1405 )   In order to lower the production cost, and make the fertilizer been convenient for the manufacturer to obtain in brief and easily, experiment was done to study the effect of different quantity of dry swine waste, NH4H2PO4 and composite fertilizer on the growth and development of cucumber in soilless culture. The results showed that the two more fertilizer treatments of dry swine waste 166.7g + NH4H2PO4 16.7g + composite fertilizer 16.7g per plant and dry swine waste 100g + NH4H2PO4 10g + composite fertilizer 10g per plant had the higher plant growth, chlorophyll content, carotenoidse content and photosynthesis rate. Except the nitrate content is higher than other treatments, the fruit quality such as soluble protein, total soluble sugar and Vc content is better than other treatments. The output of treatment dry swine waste 100g + NH4H2PO4 10g + composite fertilizer 10g per plant was not only higher than nutrient solution treatment, but also significant higher than other treatments. As a result, in eco-organic soilless culture system, the proper use of chemical fertilizer can improve plant growth and output of cucumber.

  Study and Establishment of Good Agricultural Practices in Apple Production Study and Establishment of Good Agricultural Practices in Apple Production 2007, 23 (8):  315-315.  Abstract + ( 1437 )   Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), which has been widely applied in the world, is the effective method to whole course control on quality and safety of agricultural product. This article introduced and studied the most advanced and practical GAP system EUREPGAP in the world, and established the apple GAP suitable to China, which is composed of 13 chapters and 52 data forms, and quoted 13 national standards, 4 agricultural industry standards, and 3 laws of China. These chapters are respectively ‘traceability’, ‘record keeping and internal self-inspection’, ‘varieties and rootstocks’, ‘choice and management of site’, ‘soil management’, ‘fertilizer use’, ‘irrigation/fertigation’, ‘crop protection’, ‘harvesting’, ‘produce handling’, ‘waste and pollution management, recycling and re-use’, ‘worker health, safety and welfare’, and ‘environmental issues’

  目次

  On Tulip Tree and its Application in Landscape Architecture Cao Wei, Jiang Weibing, Weng Mangling 2007, 23 (8):  319-319.  Abstract + ( 1321 )   Tulip tree is one of the world famous ornamental and has long use history. It has erect figure, peculiar leaves and tulip-like flowers. This paper surveys the literature of tulip tree’s species and distribution, summaries its culture and ecological habit, expounds its use in landscape virescence and farther expects its exploitation and application.

  园艺园林科学

  Fe and Mn concentration in Apple Trees and Its Relationship Ye Youliang, Yang Suqin, Huang Yufang 2007, 23 (8):  323-323.  Abstract + ( 1441 )   In order to discuss the relationship between Fe and Mn, prevent the occurrence of nutrient disease on apple tree. Fe and Mn concentration in flowers and leaves of apple tree in various main product area of Shandong province were investigated. The results showed that Fe concentration in flowers were higher than that in leaves. Fe concentration in leaves of nutrient recycling period was the highest, Spring tip sopping period was the second, and the Autumn growing period was the lowest. Fe concentration in apple leaves with iron chlorosis changed little compared with no iron chlorosis. However, Mn concentration in flowers of apple trees were lower than that in leaves, and it appeared increasing from flower blooming period to nutrient recycling period. Mn concentration in apple leaves with iron deficiency were lower than that without iron chlorosis, the degree of reduction were the same as iron chlorosis in apple tree, and Fe/Mn ratio increased. Compared with normal apple orchard, Mn concentration increased and Fe/Mn ration decreased obviously, and Fe concentration changed little in corresponding to the degree of Internal Bark Necrosis. It suggested that Fe and Mn balance in apple tree play an important role for correction of Fe and Mn disorder.

  Effect of GA3 on Making Kyoho Berry Seedless by the Treatment of Flowering Period Different Climate Sun Qibao, Xu Yiliu Yu Feifei Su Jun,Gao Zhenghui, Lu Lijuan 2007, 23 (8):  327-327.  Abstract + ( 1455 )   Effect of GA3 on making berry seedless by the treatment of flowering period at different climate was researched. Only 3.5~4cm of infra-spike was remained and treated in every inflorescence. Berry flowering period was divided into 3 periods according to the characteristics of inflorescence blooming. It was defined as the earlier stage, the full stage, and the final stage of grape blooming when the end one third, the middle one third, and the front one third of spike flowered differently. The spike was dipped using 12.5 mg/L、25.0 mg/L、37.5 mg/L和50.0 mg/L of GA3 at different flowering period separately at different climate. The results were as follows: Every treatment increased the berry seedless percentage at different level. The soluble solid content increased 1~3 percent. The fruit mature period was advanced by 7days. The average fruiting rate was reduced by 20%. Based on the investigation, the researcher put forward that the concentration and treatment period of GA3 were different at different climate for advancing the seedless effect. The concentration of 25.0 mg/L and 37.5 mg/L of GA3 was suitable at the beginning of flowering when the precipitation was less and the temperature was higher, on the contrary, the treatment of 37.5 mg/L and 50.0 mg/L of GA3 was most right at the full flowering.

  The New Research Progress of Anther Culture in Pepper(Capsicum Annuum L.) Zhang Xinyu, Wang Yongcheng, Liu Aiqun, Jiang Binbin 2007, 23 (8):  331-331.  Abstract + ( 1513 )   Brief introduction was presented on the progress of anther culture of pepper. The key factors effecting anther culture was discussed in this pepper, including genotypes, the condition of donor plants, the stage of pollen development, pretreatment, medium, culture conditions etc. The mechanism of anther culture in pepper was also introduced briefly. The major problems in the research of pepper haploid production and that prospect were proposed.

  Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of a New High Quality Muskmelon Variety: Haoyun No. 8 Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of a New High Quality Muskmelon Variety: Haoyun No. 8 2007, 23 (8):  335-335.  Abstract + ( 1538 )   Haoyun No.8 is new hybrid muskmelon variety developed from inbred line HN14-d as female parent and TY8-a as male parent. It was bred with directive breeding approach in stress environment to adapt to warm and humid regions in South China. The melon characteristics is as follows: ellipse in shape, orange skin with green splash, medium net lines, orange-red and crispy flesh with light fragrant smell, 3.5cm flesh thickness with 15-16% soluble solid content in the center. Its growth duration is 110d in spring and 90d in autumn with yield of 36t/hm2. Fruit development duration is around 45d. The plant is vigorous and easy for melon-setting. It is moderate resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew and stem blight and suitable to grow in South China. It was certified and registered by Guangxi Committee for Crop Variety Registration in March, 2007.

  Research Progress on Biological Effect and Breeding of the Flowers Induced by the Space Environment Jiang Yifan,, Xu Weijie, Liao Feixiong, Qian Renjuan 2007, 23 (8):  339-339.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   In recent years, seeds and tissue culture materials of more than fifty species or cultivars of flowers have been carried by the recoverable satellite or the high altitude balloon in China. It was reported that the space environment can cause some influence on the germination of the seeds, the development of the plants and the change of the inherited substance. The studies on effects of the character, physiology and chromosome in the flowers induced by the space environment were reviewed. The problem and the prospect of the space mutation breeding in the flowers were also discussed in this paper.

  Effects of different Depth Nutrient Solution on growth of Lettuce Li Shengli, Wang Jianhui, Sun Zhiqiang 2007, 23 (8):  343-343.  Abstract + ( 1764 )   The effects of different nutrient solution depth on the growth of lettuce were studied by hydroponics with depths of 5cm, 10cm, 15cm. The results are as follows. The changes of pH and EC were both within the normal ranges. The nutrient solution of 10cm depth can satisfy O2 needed by plant per day so long as DO reached saturated DO. The fresh weight and dry weight of lettuce cultivated in 10cm nutrient solution were 124.26g/plant and 10.89g/plant, which increased 21.1% and 28.6% respectively compared with lettuce cultivated in nutrient solution of 5cm depth and the difference was extremely significant

  Effect of Different Plug Size and Media Type on the Growth of Kalanchoe Cutting Seeding Shen Hongxiang, Wang Zhizhong, Chen Yuan, Chen Jihong 2007, 23 (8):  346-346.  Abstract + ( 1430 )   In order to investigate the effect of plug and media on the growth of kalanchoe cutting in a solar greenhouse，different plug size and media type were treated to the young and old stems of kalanchoe cutting . The results showed that plug size and media type have significant influence on the plant height, stem diameter, root number, fresh weight and dry weight of the root, stem and foliage. And there is also an interactive effect between the plug size and media type. The ratios of dry weight to fresh weight of the root and stem are enhanced greatly by the flat plug. The plant height treated by the substrate of peat and vermiculite is the highest of all the treatments, and so is the stem diameter by the soil.

  植物保护科学

  The Allelopathic Potential of Root Exudates from Ageratina adenophora Spreng on Different Conditions Wang ZiJuan, , Liu WanXue, Wan FanHao, Lv GuoZhong 2007, 23 (8):  351-351.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   This paper studied the allelopathy of root exudates from Ageratina adenophora Spreng seedings which grew on different conditions by bioassay. With the comparison of no treated immature Ageratina adenophora, root exudates from Ageratina adenophora on different conditions were collected by cyclic irrigation. Component content of root exudates were determined by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to examine the difference of root exudates of Ageratina adenophora seedlings on different conditions. When the allelopathic potential of root exudates from Ageratina adenophora on the growth of upland rice were examined under indoor natural conditions and 1000 mg/kg, it indicated that the allelopathic inhibiting effect of root exudates from Ageratina adenophora were not significant. However, while the plants were treated with herbicide stress and aphid feeding, the allelopathy would be enhanced significantly. It showed after it was treated with physical damaged, herbicide stress and aphid feeding, the root exudates of Ageratina adenophora seedlings contained similar chemical compounds in which were mainly esters and ketones, and the content of primary components of root exudates from Ageratina adenophora was different by GC/MS, as well as the content of main components of root exudates maybe change the allelopathy of root exudates.

  目次

  Forecast of Wheat Stripe Rust by Upper-air Wind Yun Xiaowei, Wang Haiguang, Ma Zhanhong 2007, 23 (8):  358-358.  Abstract + ( 1379 )   Wheat stripe rust which can diffuse throw upper-air wind is one of pandemic diseases causing severe losses in China. In this article, forecast of wheat stripe rust was conducted based on the occurrence data of this disease and the climate data including temperature、humidity、rainfall and 300hPa、400hPa、500hPa、700hPa、850hPa upper-air wind collected from Pingliang in Gansu province, Hanzhong in Shanxi province and Zhengzhou in Henan province. Using principal component analysis and discriminant analysis to research the relation of the wheat stripe rust epidemic in these three places, and discuss the effect of upper-air wind in the epidemics of wheat stripe rust. The result showed that: there is a very intimate relation in the three areas and the upper-air wind data could be used to forecast the long-distance dispersal of wheat stripe rust .The forecast accuracy which used upper-air wind data were higher than that not be used. Especially in the condition of using 500hPa upper-air wind, the backtrack accuracy is 100%, the cross-validation accuracy is all above 80% , the best is cross-validation accuracy is 93.75%.

  植物保护科学

  Advance and Control of Tobacco Bacterial Wilt Disease Huo Qinjian, Zhang Shen, Wang Ruoyan 2007, 23 (8):  364-364.  Abstract + ( 1679 )   Bacterial wilt is a kind of main tobacco disease caused by bacteria. In recent two years, it was epidemic in local area due to weather, which declined tobacco yield and quality greatly. Here introduces in detail the symptoms of tobacco bacterial wilt, pathogenic bacteria, infestation cycle, nosogenesis, occurrence condition, prevention and cure method and its prospect.

  目次

  Progress on Groundnut Genetic Enhancement for Bacterial Wilt Resistance Chen Benyin, Jiang Huifang, Liao Boshou, Ren Xiaoping 2007, 23 (8):  369-369.  Abstract + ( 1444 )   Bacterial wilt was a major biotic factor affecting groundnut production in China and several other counties in Asia. The current studies on groundnut bacterial wilt and resistance breeding were reviewed . Particular emphasis was given to recent advance to pathogen identification , mechanisms of resistance，inheritance of resistance , resource evaluation and resistant variety breeding. Some problems such as lower pod yield, worse quality, complicated resistance identification and unitary resistance origin were discussed, and the latter researches were suggested to be concentrated on expanding resistance origin by multiple hybridization or modern biotechnology or taking use of wild species resistance, the system of molecular makers assisting choice also should be perfected in the future

  植物保护科学

  Growth Characteristics of Fusarium oxysporum Schl. Zhu Yujing, Che Jianmei, Xiao Rongfeng, Su Mingxing, Huang Xiaoyun, Lan Jianglin 2007, 23 (8):  373-373.  Abstract + ( 3274 )   [OBJECT] To study the growth characteristics of Fusarium oxysporum Schl. and find out the difference indexes during the cultural course. [METHOD] F. oxysporum isolate F-H.6.5-030318-J2 from cucumber and F-P.5.0-030710 from peanut were selected. The standard cultural conditions were set as follow: the culture media were PSA, the liquid volumes for culturing were100ml/250/ml, inoculation amount of fungi were 3×6 mm fungual patches cutted from the solid cultural media where the fungus had growed for 7 days, the temperature was 25±1℃, and the rotate speed was 110r/min. The cultures of the fungi were conducted for 10 days. The colors, OD values and pH values of the fermentation liquid were observed, as well as the dry weights of mechlial of the fungi were detected at each day. Finally, the cluster analysis was used to divide the growth phases of F. oxysporum. [RESULTS] During the cultural course, all of the color, OD value, pH value and the dry weights of mechlial of F. oxysporum changed as the time extended. Under the same cultural condition, the F. oxysporum from different host showed significant differences on the changes of colors and OD values, while no significant difference was found on the changes of pH values and dry weight of mechlial. The growthes of the two isolates of F. oxysporum from cucumber and peanet could be divided into 3 phases: 1~2 days as adaption phase, 3~5 days as logarithmic growth phase and 6~10 days as stabilization phase. [CONCLUSION] The changes of color and OD value during the cultural course could be used as significant characteristics for F. oxysporum.

  Research Advances of Chitosan’s Application in Agriculture Liu Guizhi,, Zhu Yingbo, Du Jinyou, Gong Zhenhui 2007, 23 (8):  377-377.  Abstract + ( 1600 )   Chitosan, a natural renewable resource of the earth, belongs to nonpoisonous and pollution-free security animal hormone substance. The important development of chitosan used as biopesticide was summarized in this paper. Chitosan plays very important roles in many aspects, especially the induction of plant disease resistance, the bioactivity as pesticide and germicide, plant resisting to adverse conditions, seed-coating, fruits and vegetables storage, insecticidal synergism, soil improvement, plastic film degrade, promoting growth, increasing yield and improving quality. these have been demonstrated in many crops including wheat, corn, rice, soybean, potato, cucumber, tomato, celery, green pepper, chinese cabbage, banana, mango, apple, pear and straw berry. Chitosan’s extensive applicative prospect in agriculture production was showed.

  Spatial Distribution of Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen, Population and its Sampling Technique in Wheat and Barley Fields Zhu Jinliang, Wang Huadi, Chen Yue, Xu Yun, Wu JiangXin, Cai Guoliang 2007, 23 (8):  382-382.  Abstract + ( 1482 )   The small planthopper Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (Homoptera: Delphacidae) is not only a direct pest of rice, barley and wheat etc., but also a main vector of rice stripe disease and rice black streak disease. Understanding the spatial characteristics of the insect and further developing a sampling technique to estimate its density in the winter crop fields are helpful to make decisions for controlling the planthopper and transmission of the viral diseases. Spatial distribution of the small planthopper population in barley and wheat fields in the Northern Zhejiang province was detected using the dispersal indices and Iwao regression approaches. The results showed that the planthopper populations at the stages of adult, nymph and the pooled nymphs and adults in the sampled fields tended to be in aggregative patterns of spatial distribution. Such pattern were resulted mainly from the planthoppers’ biological characteristics and environmental factors. The theoretical sampling equations were established as: , , , for the adults (n1), nymphs (n2) and adults plus nymphs (n3), respectively. According to the sampling equations, when the density of the planthopper is assumed as 5, 10 and 15 per sampling unit, 70, 40 and 20 sampling units is needed to be sampled.

  Study on Occurance and Control of Chinese Rice Locust Wang Huadi, Xu Zhihong, Feng Zhiquan, Xu Fusou , Wu Yuxiang 2007, 23 (8):  387-387.  Abstract + ( 1329 )   The results of the experiments showed that Chinese Rice Locust (Oxya chinensis) in Zhejiang on biological characteristics, occurrances and environmental factors, and by these chemical contol and other control measures were also studied. The locust was found one generation a year, over winter by eggmass in soil. Mainly damage early rice and single sowing single season latter rice, heavy damage occurred in tillering and heading stages. The adults feeding leaf area in one day was measured as 6.26±1.08cm2, primary results showed that egg laying habits and reproductivity, each female adults can lay 3.5±1.2 eggmass, in which contained 35.1±11.86 eggs. The habitats, chemicals, natural enemies and weather conditions affected integratedly the locust population dynamics, in which the changing of agricultural ecological environment was responsible for the locust damage rised. The best time for spray in field control was the locust nymphes in the 2nd and 3rd instars, 90% effects can be achieved by spraying fipronil and triazophos, new strategesand control technology of “mainly selection control, aided whole spray, smartly control low instar”, which were extended in Zhejiang rice culture area, the locusts were effectively controlled and the significant economical, social and ecological effeciency were acquaired.

  Antagonism of Eleven Trichoderma Species Against Botrytis Cinerea in Grape Kang Pingzhi, Zhang Lirong, Sheng Ruiqing 2007, 23 (8):  392-392.  Abstract + ( 2023 )   Ninety-six strains of Trichoderma were isolated from one hundred seventy samples of soil and other materials collected from fourteen regions in Ningxia. The morphological identification work indicated that they belonged to nine species of Trichoderma and two unidentified Trichoderma species，namely Trichoderma harzianum、T.viride、T.longibrachiatum、 T.koningii、T.pseudokoningii、T.fertile、T.aureoviride、T.atroviride、T.hamatum、T.sp1 and T.sp2. The results of competition and face-to-face-culturing showed that there were different antagonisms between eleven Trichoderma species and Botrytis cinerea，especially, inhibition of Trichoderma harzianum、T.viride、T.longibrachiatum and T.koningii were more obvious.Their inhibition index and inhibition rates repectively reachedⅠ~Ⅱand 61.8%~77.6%.By light microscopy,it was revealed that hyphae of Trichoderma species developed in coiled or penetrated Botrytis cinerea’s hyphae,and lead to its hyphae breaking or dissolving and cell cytoplasm concentration.

  Present Condition of Research and Integrated Control on Replant Disease in Greenhouse Vegetable Hao Yongjuan, Liu Chunyan, Wang Yong, Wang Wanli, Wei Jun 2007, 23 (8):  396-396.  Abstract + ( 1546 )   Replant diseases are one of the main limited factors in greenhouse vegetable production. The cause of continuous cropping and replant disease in greenhouse vegetable were analyzed. All kinds of measures that include the soil disinfection, using resistant variety, grafting, crop rotation; applying fertilizer management, chemical control and biological control to overcome them were summarized, for studied the topic to provide more reference further. We put forward the method of integrated control with soil solarization sterilized and using biologic soil amendment.

  目次

  Effects of Different Applying Combination of Biogas Fertilizer on Soil Fertility and the Quantity of Microbes Yu HaiBing, Liu Zheng, Ye shenglan 2007, 23 (8):  399-399.  Abstract + ( 1330 )   【OBJECTIVE】 Studied the effects of different applying combination of biogas fertilizer on soil fertility and the quantity of microbes, the fertilizing method through base fertilizer and top fertilizer. 【METHOD】 Five plots of each district , three repeats, a randomized complete block design, the fertilizing method including base fertilizer and top fertilizer, two stages facilities were the same【RESULTS】 The results showed that using biogas fertilizer and biogas fertilizer with bacterial manure could increase the contents of N、P、K , volume weight of soil had tendency of dropping by only using biogas fertilizer, using biogas fertilizer with bacterial manure, using biogas fertilizer with bacterial manure and fertilizer ;The quantities of virus, ray fungi and leaf mold had increased when used biogas fertilizer , it better to use biogas fertilizer with bacterial manure【CONCLUSION】biogas fertilizer with bacterial, biogas fertilizer with fertilizer and bacterial and only biogas fertilizer could significantly reduce soil bulk density, improve soil structure, increase the volume of virus, ray fungi and leaf mold.

  植物保护

  Botanical Pesticides-Study on Biological Activity of Three Extraction from the Boot of Stellera chamaejasme Yang Chunjiang, Li Ning, Gang Cunwu, Tan Dafeng 2007, 23 (8):  403-403.  Abstract + ( 1199 )   The bioactivity of Three extracts from Stellera chamaejasme (chloroform, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate) are studied, The result showed that: the contact toxicity of Chloroform against Schizaphis graminum were 77.95%, the calibrated mortality at a concentration of 50mg/ml is 95.00%. The antifeedant of chloroform extract against Brevicoryne brassicae L. was strongest among the extracts, the calibrated antifeedant rate is 87.85%. The antifeedant rate of four concentration(50mg/ml, 25mg/ml, 16.67mg/ml and 12.5mg/ml) of chloroform extract is 91.84%, 87.04%, 87.71% and 84.82%, respectively.

  植物保护科学

  S433.3 Zhao Lifen, Li Aiguo, Li Zengshu, Zhao Guozhong 2007, 23 (8):  406-406.  Abstract + ( 1003 )   The objective is mainly about to study harmful regulation of cotton plant bug to cotton, and provide the theoretical ground for increasing cotton production. With the materials of N141 and Shi39 ,the authors studied that cotton plant bug occur regulation to two materials in different control conditions. The result showed :the main harm period were same, it was in July the last ten-day of a month to August the first ten days of a month, The damage was the highest under nature of control. The maximum percentage of boll shedding reached at 41.8%,the damage of cotton plant bug was not important after these days and before it .at the same time, the period is the yield formative time,the damage of the cotton plant bug have the direct relation in yield, the yield of nature control was reduce 39.3%~43.3% than integration prevention，the difference significantly.In order to save cost and improve yield, prevent cotton plant bug in main damage period in time

  Research Advances on the Occurrence and Resistance of Citrus Bacterial Canker Disease He Xiuling , Yuan Hongxu 2007, 23 (8):  409-409.  Abstract + ( 1543 )   Citrus Bacterial Canker Disease (CBCD) does a serious harm to most citrus species and cultivars as a quarantine disease in many countries. The progress on CBCD in China was reviewed in this paper, such as the occurrence, forecast, resistant mechanism, and resistance utilization. The climate conditions of CBCD occurrence, the resistance differences among citrus species or cultivars, the relations between the resistance and structure of organization and physiology and biochemistry characteristics, were discussed. Finally the challenges and perspectives of the CBCD were presented

  生态农业科学

  Effect of Agriculture Practice on Landscape Pattern Kang Yuanfei, Wei Caofu, Ni Jiupai, Zhang Zhen 2007, 23 (8):  413-413.  Abstract + ( 1284 )   Landscape pattern is acted on natural and human disturbance. With economic development and increasing population, agriculture practice have played a very important role in society. Grazing results in soil degradation and instability of biology community. The rotation grazing enhances the species abundance and advance ecosystem evolvement. Afforesting is propitious to ecological environment renew and reconstruction, favor in economy, and even to be a method of protecting ecological diversity. The disturbances of cropping are divided into physical and chemical perturbation processing, which accelerate microbial character, and influence the soil properties. Land consolidation and rehabilitation is the strongest perturbation in all kinds of human disturbances, and make the benefit of social, ecological and environmental incremental by adjusting landscape structure, meliorating fragmentation of landscape, increasing the area of the farmland, and changing the structure of agricultural land-use.

  Study of Microbial Flora of Spartina Salt Marshes of Yancheng Jiangsu Province Ye Wenle, He Xueqing, Zhao Pingzhi, Sun Shucun, Wang Ruiyong 2007, 23 (8):  420-420.  Abstract + ( 1570 )   The investigations of microbial flora of Spartina salt marshes, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province were carried out during October 2004 and August 2005, which aims to reveal the influence of introduction of Spartina on the microbial flora of salt marshes. The sampling sites were divided into Suaeda salsa land, Spartina land and beach according to the vegetation. The microorganisms were isolated and counted with pour plate technique. The results indicate that the amount of bacteria is bigger than actinomycetes, and the amount of fungi is least. From the point of spatial distribution, the amount of microbes in Spartina land is ＞Suaeda salsa land＞beach for bacteria, Spartina land≥Suaeda salsa land＞beach for fungi and Suaeda salsa land＞Spartina land＞beach for actinomycetes. From the point of temporal distribution, the amount of microbes is largest at August. Vegetation type, soil characteristics, content of organic matter, temperature and humidity of environments play important roles on the microbial distribution in salt marshes.

  The effects of Different Factors to Plant Rhizosphere Microflora Zhao Yan, Zhang Xiaobo 2007, 23 (8):  425-425.  Abstract + ( 1300 )   The rhizosphere is a lively ecosystem interface between plant and soil, plants as the first producer transports partial photo-assirnilated substances to root, which supplies rhizosphere microorganism for carbon and energy by root exudates, microorganisms transforms organic nutrient into inorganic form for facilitating assimilation for plant uptakes，the interaction between plants, soil and microorganism constitutes the base of ecological function for soil ecosystems．Recently, research content of rhizosphere microorganism has largely expanded along with the development of soil micro-environmental research. This paper integrates domestic and foreign research trend to summarize influence of correlative factors to rhizosphere microorganism biodiversity and ecological function.

  Evaluation of Sustainable Development of Ecological Economic in Chizhou City of Anhui Province Hu Hebing 2007, 23 (8):  431-431.  Abstract + ( 1384 )   Based on the theory of ecological footprint and Ulanowicz development capacity, Ecological supply/demand and development ability in Chizhou City of Anhui Province from 1996 to 2004 were analyzed. The results showed that in 1996—2004, ecological footprint decreased from1.1906 hm2 per capita to1.8433hm2 per capita, while ecological capacity per capita decreased from 0.6759hm2 to 0.6430hm2, with an increased ecological deficit year after year, development ability increased from 1.3047 to 2.3793; There existed a severe imbalance in supply and demand of ecological economics system., illustrating that human load has already stayed beyond Chizhou’s ecological capacity, and the Chizhou’s natural ecosystem is under great pressure of human activities. and As a whole, the ecological footprint per ten thousand yuan GDP declined in the 9 years, indicating that resources use efficiency was improved gradually. Based on the analysis of the present situation of the economic development and resources distribution, some strategies were put forward.

  Study on Consummating Ecological Compensation Mechanism in the Western China Wu Shunfa, Cheng Hexia 2007, 23 (8):  436-436.  Abstract + ( 1411 )   The natural environmental condition is extremely frail in the western china. With the development of economy, the deterioration of eco environment and economic sustainable development may be very anxious for us. This paper has analyzed the flaw of ecological compensation mechanism in the west, proposed the consummation the western area ecological compensation mechanism is the important method of realized the economical and the ecology coordinated development and is also the key of realized the sustainable development in the western china.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Effect of Land Use Pattern on Dissolved Organic Carbon of Purple Paddy Soil Huang Xuexia,, Tang Xiaohong, Wei Chaofu, Xie Deti 2007, 23 (8):  440-440.  Abstract + ( 1538 )   Effect of land use pattern on dissolved organic carbon of purple paddy soil were investigated in a field experiment , which consisted of five treatment and had continued for 14 years at the farm of College of Resource and Environment of Southwest University. The results showed: in 0~30cm depth, content of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) range from 30.3 to 339.8 mg/kg, hot water dissolved organic carbon(HDOC) range from 60.9 to 740.2 mg/kg. both of DOC and HDOC decreased with increasing depth. DOC and HDOC in ridge, rice and rape use pattern in 0~30cm depth layer much more than other treatments after 14 years and showed significant differences；land use of rotation of waterlog rice and dry rape which was disadvantageous to increase the quantity of DOC, which indicated DOC is good evaluation index of soil quality land use effect for paddy soil. Land use pattern of ridge, rice and rape are best for improve the DOC of purple paddy soil.

  农业资源环境科学

  Study of Soil Remediation of Sisal and Lime on Cu-contaminated Soil Li shiping, Li Fuyan 2007, 23 (8):  444-444.  Abstract + ( 1302 )   The tolerance and accumulation of Cu for sisal throw soil culture experiment. The examination were studied through the methods of adding Cu into unpolluted Granitic latosol in Hainan, after 2 weeks equilibrium, adding lime, planting the sisal on the polluted soil by Cu, we had studied Cu concentration, in different parts of sisal, The results were summarized as follows: The sisal growth responses were obviously different on soil Cu at varied levels from 0.0 to 2000 mg/kg. At Cu levels of 1000 mg/kg, the sisal could grow normally. The sisal growth was limited with the improvement of Cu contents in soils. At Cu levels of 2000mg/kg , the sisal could not grow and die. Meanwhile Cu concentration in shoots was higher than in roots. The results showed that adding lime could improve the growth of sisal effectively and inhibit the uptake of heavy metals on Cu polluted soil. When soil Cu was 500mg/kg, the best dosage was 3375kg/hm2. When soil Cu was 1000mg/kg the best dosage was 4500kg/ hm2, this combination of sisal and calcareousness could transplant Cu twice time more than that of only plant sisal. When soil Cu was 2000mg/kg adding calcareousness could effectively improve the growth of sisal.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Cultivated Land Quantity Change and Its Impacts on Food Security in Tsinan Yao Huimin, Zhang Fengrong, Zhang Xijin, Zhu Zhenlin, Sui Xueyan 2007, 23 (8):  448-448.  Abstract + ( 1318 )   Cultivated land is the base of agriculture production, and is an important factor to ensure food security. Through analyzing cultivated land quantity change and its impacts on grain production, the authors identify that: (1) The total area of cultivated land and the per capita area of cultivated land have decreased continuously from 1978 to 2004, the per capita area of cultivated land decreased to 0.055 hm2 in 2004. (2) The total grain yield took on increasing trend from 1978 to 1999, and it came to maximal level in 1999. Since 2000 the total grain yield decreased a lot. (3) Cultivated land quantity change influenced the total grain yield at all times. Cultivated land quantity change had better correlation to the total grain yield from 1979 to 1982. Since 1983 cultivated land quantity change had lesser correlation to the total grain yield, it indicated that cultivated land quantity change had lesser impacts on the total grain yield. But, due to the restriction of marginal utility descending law, the increase of the total grain yield impossibly absolutely depends on the increase of grain yield of unit area, and keeping the quantity balance of cultivated land is the precondition of ensuring food security.

  农业环境科学

  Effects of Heavy Metals on Wheat Root Weight and Amino Nitrogen with Different Fertilizer Conditions Yang Zhengliang, Shen Xinlei, Li Shiqing 2007, 23 (8):  453-453.  Abstract + ( 1609 )   The aim of this paper is to identify the effect of heavy metals (chromium, cadmium and lead) on wheat root’s growing up and their biological activities in soil with different fertilizer conditions were investigated. The effect of heavy metals (chromium, cadmium and lead) on wheat root’s weight was investigated by pot test, and their effects on amino nitrogen in soils were also studied after laboratory incubation under seven fertilizer systems with inorganic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer with low straw manure, inorganic fertilizer with medium straw manure, inorganic fertilizer with high straw manure, inorganic fertilizer with low straw manure（fallow）, inorganic fertilizer with manure and control. The results showed that the effects of heavy metals (Cr、Cd and Pd) on wheat root’s weight were most obvious, Cr was the most harm to wheat root’s weight as well as their compound pollution was more serious more than single element. The study of laboratory incubation showed those effects of heavy metals on amino nitrogen in soil were most different with different fertilizer systems, especially the effect was very obvious under inorganic fertilizer system. On the contrary, those heavy metals’ inhibitions to total amino nitrogen in soil were lowest under inorganic fertilizer with low straw manure （fallow）. The study showed that people can control heavy metals’ activities in soils by adjusting fertilizer systems in practice. And people can decrease and control heavy metals’ pollution in soils by this way.

  热带农业科学

  Removing Co2+ from Aqueous Solution by using Fly ash as the Adsorbent Li Yundong, Yuan Zhihua, Li Huiqin, Tian Hui 2007, 23 (8):  458-458.  Abstract + ( 1499 )   In order to solve the problems that arise from industrial draining water taking Co2+, we have investigated and examined the contributing factors to the adsorption efficiency, including the amount of the fly ash to be added to the Co2+-containing solution, pH, the stirring speed, the adsorption time and temperature during the adsorption treatment. It is shown that the adsorption effect of fly ash to Co2+ is surprisingly good. On most occasions in our survey, the Co2+ in the micro liquid waste can be totally adsorbed by certain amount of fly ash under appropriate conditions. With other contributing factors fixed, the adsorption efficiency proves to increase not only with the increase in the stirring speed and the amount of ash added, but also with the decrease of the absorption temperature. In conclusion, the adsorption efficiency can be made desirable by using fly ash under ideal conditions.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Study on Wetland Wascular Plants in Huaihe Drainage Area (Anhui Section) Xu Rusong,, HuangXunduan, He Jiaqing, Wang Song 2007, 23 (8):  462-462.  Abstract + ( 1375 )   There are 259 species wetland wascular plants, belonging to 68 families and 165 genera in Huaihe drainage area (Anhui section). As to the flora component, the major parts in the wetland consists of 11 great families (species≥5), Gramineae and Cyperzceae of which are the greatest.Aquatic of fern plants species are 4 area-types, cosmopolitan is the main tape,and that of seed plants genera are 14 area-types. The genera of temperate-area-types occupied 38.4% of total genera. The resource of the wetland plants is very abundant in the food category, the raw material for industry, the kind of green manure, the kind of view and admire, the environmental protection class, and the idioplasm resources

  Study on the Index System of Infield Resources Safety Estimation Wen Sen, Qiu Daochi,, Yang Qingyuan, Wang Chunxia, Lu Chunyang 2007, 23 (8):  466-466.  Abstract + ( 1105 )   Infield was the soul of land resources, infield resources safety was the core status of country safety. in this paper, according to the main function of infield resources, analyzed the intension of infield resources ,established the principle of infield resources safety estimation index system, advanced the index system, settled the technical base, put forward some attendant problems.

  Protecting the interests of land-lost peasants Xu Dan, Zhao Jingying, Jiang Hui, Jiao Weiping 2007, 23 (8):  471-471.  Abstract + ( 1147 )   As a result of land exploitation surged over the period of 2004—2006 because of the acceleration of urbanization, collective-owned land has been largely levied and the peasants who lost their land face serial problems for surviving and developing. After sorting out the major facts and the main causes about the interests’ damage to the land-lost peasants during the process of land levy, this paper proposes several suggestions to protect the vulnerable peasants. Firstly, the land levy policy should be reformed to make the procedure of land levy more reasonable; secondly, employment of land-lost peasants has to be promoted to assure that their living standards doesn’t suffer degradation; next, the land-lost peasants should be treated in the same way as their urban counterparts when being settled after their land is levied; finally, the government should make its land levy practice normalized and strengthen the implementation of relevant laws and regulations, avoiding land abuse cases.

  热带农业科学

  Distribution of Wild Banana（M. itinerans） Population and Species Composition Within the population in Hainan Island Liu Weiliang, Wang Jingyi, Li Ming, Chen You, Wu Yaoting 2007, 23 (8):  476-476.  Abstract + ( 1926 )   In this paper, we investigated the distribution of wild banana（M. itinerans） population and species composition within the population in Hainan Island, China. They mainly distributes in the region of latitude 18°45′~19°19′ north and longitude 109°22′~109°56′ east, and the majority of population distribution lies in the center and the east area of the island, which is in the 1800 mm isoline of annual rainfall. The wild banana is further proved as the species of Musa itinerans according to Simmonds taxonomy. Based on the factors of geomorphologic, landform, climate, vegetation and space, the distribution area of wild banana are zoned into Limuling, Fulongxiang, Nangaoling, Yinggeling, Baihualing, Atuoling, Dabenshan and Diaoluoshan units. About 28 species, including 4 trees, 5 shrubs, 8 herbaceous plants, 4 lianas and 7 ferns, were found within the investigated area of the Fulongxiang population. The results revealed that the singleness, symbiosis and competition to some extent among species existed within the population. Due to the human-disturbed and ecosystem stress, the germplasm resource of wild banana have been quickly lost and coevolution was changed. The germplasm resource protection of wild banana by in-situ and construction of modernized monitor system were proposed.

  目次

  The Effects of Land Use on the Soil Organic Carbon and Aggregate Content of Soil in Hainan Deng Wangang, Wu Weidong, Luo Wei, Xia Fujun, Cheng Mingzhi, He Liangyan 2007, 23 (8):  482-482.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   The effects of land use changed from natural secondary forests to rubber forests and rubber planted history on soil organic C were studied by analyzing the content of natural secondary forests and rubber forests soil organic C in Tunchang county, Hainan province. The results showed that soil organic C content decreased significantly within soil depth of the 10~20 cm after natural secondary forests were destroyed and rubber forests were planted , soil organic C content decreased within soil depth of the 0~10 cm,20~50 cm and 50~100 cm ,but not significant; the mainly factors that cause soil organic C changed remarkably were land use changed from natural secondary forests to rubber forests, not rubber forests history.

  热带农业科学

  Advances in Tissue Culture of Coconut Advances in Tissue Culture of Coconut 2007, 23 (8):  485-485.  Abstract + ( 1611 )   It is the most effective method of rapid propagation on tissue culture of coconut. The tissue culture technique of coconut still belongs to the world difficult problem at present. The article reviewed the progress on clone proliferation from embryo, immature inflorescences, tender bud, tender leaf and so on at home and abroad. The significance and existing problem in coconut tissue cultures presently are also discussed at the same time. The prospects of future research was viewed to provide references for tissue culture s in coconut based the existing problem.

  The Standardized Technical System of Balanced High-yield of Largescale Producing Seed in Hainan Winter of Hybrid rice Zhang Hongyu, Yi Quanhua, Zhong Ping’an, Tang Pinlong, Yu Qiuping, Huang Yingjin 2007, 23 (8):  490-490.  Abstract + ( 1497 )   【OBJECTIVE】Centering on the two crucial factors yield and quality in producing seed of hybrid rice, improving and integrating the technique of high-yield producing seed of hybrid rice to form a set of standardized technical system of stable high-yield and large-area balanced increasing-yield of large-scale producing seed in Hainan winter of hybrid rice is especially necessary【METHOD】Taking zhongjiuyou801, a new indica hybrid late season combination as example, according to the large-scale producing seed practice, the key technique of large-area balanced high-yield and better quality seed of hybrid seed production in the winter of Hainan were summarized【RESULTS】They include selecting best plot of producing seed, making March 25th around as the best heading flowering, using different age as the main basis of the lag period of parents and the leaf drop, fostering more tiller seedlings, strengthening paternal management, managing to promote maternal to grow quickly in early, constructing better out-crossing groups owning the strong father and many mother directly, spraying gibberellin properly, driving powder scientifically, improving the field environment, controlling pest and pests damage, purifying strictly and harvesting timely to ensure the quality of seeds【CONCLUSION】These results can provide referential basis of large-scale producing seed in Hainan winter for other new combinations.

  Biological Characters of Anthesis of Paspalum atratum cv. Reyan 11 Wang wenqiang, Fu lingling,Bai changjun 2007, 23 (8):  495-495.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   The variety Paspalum atratum cv. Reyan 11 is most significant as forage in southern China. For improving seed production technology and varietal improvement by hybridization technology, the author studied the flowering behavior of Paspalum atratum cv. Reyan 11 by observation individual plant and inflorescence. The result showed that the flowering period of single inflorescence lasted for 6 to 9 days.Blooming peaking in a day is between 9 and 13 o'clock, with 93.6% of whole bloom. The most suitable to match temperature for blooming is between 33℃ to 37℃ , and the most suitable to match degree of humidity for blooming is between 60% to 70%.In order to increase seed production, the seed field should be located area with air temperature between 33℃ to 37℃, and degree of humidity between 60%to 70% in the flowering stage. The crossing day should be in 2nd to 4th after opening flower stage, and the crossing time should be between 9h and 13h.

  Exploring the Formulation of Sugarcane Special Fertilizer for Designated Cane Growing Area Fan Baoning 2007, 23 (8):  499-499.  Abstract + ( 1425 )   The proper formula of sugarcane special fertilizer, which were adaptable to the sugarcane growing areas in Chongzuo, Tuolu, Fusui, Ningming in Guangxi, includes 29.8% of total nutrient(N,P,K) and the ratio of N, P and K was 8:11.8:10, on the base of the model and parameter for fertilizing on upland in Guangxi. The trial results showed that, by applying 29.8% sugarcane special fertilizer, 30% conventional compound fertilizer and conventional fertilizer (used as the control, CK) respectively to the sugarcane field, the number of millable stalks was 61650, 60150, 61350 per hectare, and the average yield was equivalent to 102435kg/hm2, 91530kg/hm2, 84345kg/hm2. Besides, the average sugar content was 14.49%(absolute value, hereafter)，14.30% and 14.06% respectively. The net agricultural income attained per hectare with the application of 29.8% sugarcane special fertilizer was 1962.9 RMB yuan and 3256.2 RMB yuan respectively more than that with the application of 30% conventional compound fertilizer and conventional fertilizer.

  Study on The Remediation Effect of Different Ameliorant to the Pb Polluted in Granitic Latosol Sang Aiyun, Xia Weilin, Wang Hua, Cao Qimin, Zhang Liming,Qi Zhiping 2007, 23 (8):  503-503.  Abstract + ( 1301 )   Through the methods of adding the heavy metal Pb into unpolluted Granitic latosol in Hainan, after 2 fortnight’s equilibrium, adding lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, cow dung, calcium magnesium phosphate and the cow dung mixture match executes, taking Brassica chinensis as instruction crops, according to its different quality of physics and chemistry such as growth dynamic change and the biomass of the harvest, the absorbing capacity of the heavy metal, the soil pH, the content of heavy metal in the soil, we had appraised the improvement effects of each kind of modifiers to the Pb polluted in Granitic latosol. Then we could provide the reference for improving the Pb polluted in Hainan Granitic latosol. The results indicated that the Pb pollution soil could be remedied by each modifier and the poison symptom of Brassica chinensis could be reduced. The best treatment was Calcium magnesium phosphate and the cow dung mixture, the Brassica chinensis had higher biomass and lower Pb content next treatment was calcium magnesium phosphate processing.

  目次

  The Development and Utilization of Siderophore on Plant Growth Promotion and Plant Disease Control Yu Xianmei, Zheng Fucong 2007, 23 (8):  507-507.  Abstract + ( 1661 )   The iron element is essential to most of the organisms. Siderophore is a kind of chelate factor with strong affinity to Fe3+, it play an important role in the plant growth promotion and plant disease control, and it has some relation to red tide. In this article, the function of siderophore on plant growth promotion and plant disease control, as well as the utilization of siderophore on the red tide research, the screening of siderophore secreting microorganisms were reviewed. And the prospect of the utilization of siderophore were summaried.

  农业信息科学

  The Preliminary Research and Realization of the Key Technology for the Development Information System of Irrigation with MapX Model Cui Yan,,, Li Rui, Yang Qinke 2007, 23 (8):  511-511.  Abstract + ( 1141 )   Modern management of using water is one measure to improve the efficiency of agriculture irrigation. It’s difficulty to manage irrigation region by hand and use GIS to manage irrigation is an important way to improve the efficiency of irrigation. GIS has strong function of spatial database management and it could easily analysis geography data. According to the researching accomplishment on the irrigation management and the analysis of the process of the irrigation, the author preliminarily attempts to design the form of information system of irrigation in order to provide data to irrigation region management in the future. By the practice of development the Information Management System of Fengjiashan irrigation of shaanxi province, the author expounds the process of realization the key technology for the development information system of irrigation with MapX model as follow:(1)With the function of visual and exchanging data by Internet, where visual program tools, database, GIS model, and Internet are introduced. (2)The author especially introduces the MapX model and the method of set up spatial database and internet. (3)At last, the author put forward some helpful discussion on this field.

  农业工程科学

  Slow-release and Water Absorbency Properties of Chitosan-g-poly(acrylic acid) /sodium Humate Superabsorbent Liu Jianghua,, Yang Kui, Wang Aiqin 2007, 23 (8):  515-515.  Abstract + ( 1191 )   【OBJECTIVE】A novel superabsorbent of chitosan-g-poly(acrylic acid)/sodium humate (CTS-g-PAA/SH) was synthesized through graft polymerization among chitosan, acrylic acid and sodium humate in aqueous solution. 【METHOD】The water absorbency in various saline solutions, resweling behaviors, the slow-release behavior of SH and the practical water absorbency in soil of CTS-g-PAA/SH superabsorbent were systematically investigated. 【RESULTS】The CTS-g-PAA/SH superabsorbent with 10% sodium humate gave water absorbency of 183g/g in distilled water and 41g/g in 0.9% NaCl solution. The CTS-g-PAA/SH superabsorbents have better reswelling behaviors. Comparing with CTS-g-PAA, 6.75% of water can still be saved in the sand soil containing 1.0% superabsorbent after 20 days. SH reacts with PAA during the polymerization process and forms a more intact polymeric network. When the SH content is above 30% in superabsorbent, the excess SH only acts as filler in the polymeric network and the slow-release of SH is easy.【CONCLUSION】Introducing SH could improve water absorbency of the CTS-g-PAA superabsorbent. CTS-g-PAA/SH superabsorbent not only can reduce significantly production cost, but also have slow-release capacity of humic acid.

  Research Progress on Deficit irrigation Diagnosis Index of Crop Guo Yanbo,,, Feng Hao,,, Wu Pute,, 2007, 23 (8):  520-520.  Abstract + ( 1216 )   The diagnosis methods of soil and crop moisture deficit are studied for effective deficit irrigation, which could formulate scientific irrigation index. In this paper, the present situation and main problem of index study on soil, irrigation and crop is illustrated, the research directions in deficit irrigation index are also discussed. According to the international study situation, the technique in diagnosis of crop moisture content condition from the changes of leaf water potential, plant stems diameter and canopy surface temperature etc, has gradually been the hotspots in the field of deficit irrigation, but the basic theory, observation method and application on different crops need to be lucubrated and perfected. Therefore, it is not a comprehensive method to confirm the irrigation capacity by using a single irrigation diagnosis index, and how to found the index system of deficit irrigation of different areas and crops will become an important study in the future.

  Impact of Climate Variation on the Yield of Crop in Wuchuan County of Inner Mongol AGRO-PASTORAL Pan Xuebiao,,Gou Shiwei,Wei Yurong, Long Buju, 2007, 23 (8):  526-526.  Abstract + ( 1820 )   【OBJECTIVE】Wuchuan County of Inner Mongol lies in north of Yinshan Mountain, where is warm-cool droughty zone and agro-pastoral ecotone, and which is fit production region of spring wheat and naked oats. Because of annual variation of climate, the crop yield is low and unstable. The practices may be taken to mitigate disasters and climate risks by analysis between climate and yield. 【METHOD】Depending on the previous work, such as yield data, growth season observation, and meteorologic data, the correlation between yields and the average temperature, total hours of sunshine, and total precipitation monthly was analyzed and the pattern including multi-factors was developed to assess crop yields. 【RESULTS】The result showed that the yields of spring wheat and naked oats were negatively related to the monthly average temperature and the sum of them; the yield was positively related to the monthly precipitation and their sum.; and the yield didn’t have distinct relation to the monthly sunshine hours. Then a prediction model was made for the crop yields through multi factors analysis of regression, and which could be used assess the crop yield of Wuchuan. 【CONCLUSION】All the works showed that the climatic risk for wheat and naked oats yield would increase as climate become warmer and more drought at Wuchuan.

  A correlation research between mangrove growth and meteorological conditions of Zhangjiang estuary in Yunxiao, Fujian province Xu Zonghuan, Fang Baizhou, Chen Jiajin, Li Lichun, Lin Liangfa 2007, 23 (8):  532-532.  Abstract + ( 1316 )   Zhangjiang Estuary national nature reserve, as the unique reserve of mangrove in Fujian province, is very important for eco-environment. For a logical management for mangrove distribution, relationship of mangrove growth and meteorological condition was analyzed by agro-meteorological method. The influence of meteorological factors such as temperature, precipitation, strong wind and sunshine on the growth of mangrove were also studied. The result showed that the abundant rainfall from May to August was advantageous to the growth of mangrove, while the extreme low temperature in the early month of January to March, the extreme high temperature from early June to middle August and the cloudy and drizzly conditions from February to March had an adverse effect. It also showed that both typhoon perpendicularly landing on Yunxiao and typhoon landing on Guangdong that effected Yunxiao, which may reach 11 levels, could cause damage to the growth of mangrove. Therefore, analyses of the relationship between mangrove and meteorological conditions, and special meteorological services can offer scientific suggestions, which can benefit the mangrove management, keep mangrove away from disasters and contribute to eco-environment.

  Energy Balance Closure at Rice Paddy Fields in Subtropical Region Zhu Yongli ,, Wu Jinshui, Hu Jingliang, Tong Chengli, Han Jiangang 2007, 23 (8):  536-536.  Abstract + ( 1381 )   Eddy covariance (EC) method measuring carbon and energy fluxes provides a unique contribution to the study of the environmental, biological and climatological controls of net surface exchange between vegetation and the atmosphere. Independent methods of evaluating the reliability of the eddy covariance measurements at different ecosystem sites are highly desirable. From 2003, EC technique was used in rice paddy fields to measure carbon flux, latent (LE) and sensible (H) heat flux, the net radiation (Rn) and the heat flux (G) into the soil substrate. In the research, the objectives were to assess the accuracy of eddy covariance method, evaluate the energy balance closure and analyze the change trend during the whole year. Energy balance closure was evaluated by statistical methods of ordinary linear regression, energy balance ratio (the ratio of turbulent energy fluxes to available energy, viz. LE and H against Rn less G) and remnant frequency distribution. These methods indicate a general lack of closure during the whole year, with a mean imbalance of 13% or energy balance ratio of 0.87. The imbalance was greater (15%) during from May to Aug than the other period during the year (8%). The results suggest that estimates of the scalar turbulent fluxes of sensible and LE were underestimated and/or that available energy is overestimated.

  The climatic change to the Ju county Agriculture Meteorology Disaster Influence and Countermeasure Cheng Zhaojin,Zhao Zaiquan, Jin Huimei, Lv Xuemei 2007, 23 (8):  540-540.  Abstract + ( 1594 )   The climate changes warmly has become the climatic change the main characteristic. Through to Ju county from from 1951 to 2005 55 year observed data statistical analysis, finally indicated that, after before the Ju county 70's and the 80's have had the very big change, the warm winter phenomenon is day by day obvious, the year precipitation assumed the drop tendency, agricultural meteorology disaster and so on drought, flooding, freeze injury, hail, continual rain, gale, tornado, plant disease has had the corresponding change, mainly displayed at disaster and so on drought, gale, hail, plant disease increases, disaster and so on flooding, frost, dry hot blast, continual rain, freeze injury reduces. In view of the climatic change all sorts of influences which produces to the agricultural meteorology disaster, needs the people in to take measures against natural disasters in the disaster reduction to formulate the corresponding measure, through the implementation afforestation, plants the grass in the barren hill, does on large scale the farmland water conservancy construction, positively develops the weather modification work, does on large scale the pollution the government, grasps the agricultural meteorology the automatic observation station construction, completes work and so on weather forecast meteorological service, achieved seeks victory minimizes losses, the safeguard ecological environment sec.

  The Present Advancement on the Study and Application of Enzymes for Soil Stabilization in China Peng Hongtao,, Gu Hanlai, Zhang Xingping, Su Haitao 2007, 23 (8):  544-544.  Abstract + ( 1434 )   Enzymes for soil stabilization have been used for stabilizing the foundation soil, waste treatment, dam stabilization, embankment, and road building since the 80s in the twentieth century. Enzymes for soil stabilization in China were firstly used for road construction in 1995. Some experiences were obtained, but there were some problems with the works too. The present advancements on the study and application of enzymes for soil stabilization in China are introduced in this paper. The environmental protection value, economic efficiency, and the problems are analyzed in the application and development of enzymes for soil stabilization. It is cited that enzyme as a soil stabilizer have been used to improve the strength of compressed soil, by the test for comparing strengths of soil stabilized by conventional stabilizers (anhydrate lime, Portland cement), Perma-Zyme 11X. The implications for future investigations are given

  The Analysis of Economic Benefits In the Ways to Raise the Temperature of Pig houses In Cold Days Fu Shilun, Xie Baoyuan 2007, 23 (8):  548-548.  Abstract + ( 1164 )   The objective of the investigation was to find out a formula which can express the relationship of unusual environment temperature and growing pigs, meanwhile, summarize a variety of the tradition architectural styles of pig houses all over the country. In an addition, synthesize, estimate and then make a compare with the economic benefits of the ways which can raise the temperature of pig houses in cold days. The result of comparison shows that the way which aimed at use solar energy is the best one.

  水产渔业科学

  Consideration on the Enhancement of Construction of Fishery Technical Extension System Jiang Gaozhong, Li Qun 2007, 23 (8):  552-552.  Abstract + ( 1458 )   Fishery Technical Extension System plays an important role in developing fishery Industry. At present, the Fishery Technical Extension System in China exists five major problems: (1) The functional dysfunction lagging behind the development trend of fishery; (2) severe constraint in extension funds making the commonwealth of the extension system difficult to practice; (3) The atrophy of grass root extension institutions; (4) comparative low quality of extension workers; and (5) weak and unclear exertion of combined advantages of extension system. This paper put forward the measures in seven aspects to enhance the construction of China’s fishery technical extension system, i.e., stabilize and enhance the fishery technical extension institutions; strengthen the functional commonwealth role of extension system; reinforce the service ways of fishery technical extension system, expedite the technical conversional velocity; establish a series of methods to meet the different demands of fishermen; develop and intensify the cooperation among different institutions; and potentate the financial support to fishery technical extension funds.

  Study on Hanging Culture Technique of Portunus trituberculatus in Ponds Xu Guocheng,，Ma Shen，Wan Dongshan，Zhang Bin，Yan Binlun 2007, 23 (8):  557-557.  Abstract + ( 1528 )   In order to solve mutual killing, high death rate of mating period and low market price during traditional culture of Portunus trituberculatus in prawn ponds, contrast experiments of hanging culture in the ponds of culturing juvenile crabs（Eriocheir sisensis）and scattering culture in prawn pond during 2002 have been carried out. In the past years of 2003 and 2004, experiments of hanging culture of Portunus trituberculatus in the ponds of culturing juvenile crabs have been carried out. The culture area is 13.34hm2 in which 104720.0kg and 118625.0kg commercial crabs have been produced separately with average weight more than 0.300kg, average survival rate 68% and 73%, average yield per hm2 7850.1kg and 8892.4kg, average output value 628006.00/hm2 and 711394.30/hm2, average profits 368227.80/hm2 and 407940.50/hm2. Compared hanging culture in 2004 with scattering culture in prawn pond in 2002, the yield has increased by 70%, the profits has increased by 87%, the survival rate has increased by 52% and the income has increased by 189867.00/hm2. The technique of hanging culture Portunus trituberculatus in ponds of culturing juvenile is advanced in China because of its new pattern and remarkable result.

  农史科学

  Failure of Rural Cooperative’s System Supply of Kuomintang Yang Yamei, Yang Yaru, Shen Peng 2007, 23 (8):  568-568.  Abstract + ( 1025 )   From the beginning of 1930s to the end of 1940s, rural cooperative has been supplied by Kuomintang. It is analyzed in the article that the reasons of failure were: scarceness of economy basic; contorted into win promotion and get rich for officials; changed into new tools of depriving poor farmers by persons who were rich or had authority

  农业传媒科学

  Improvement on Ability and Selfcultivation of an Editor Tao Yezhi 2007, 23 (8):  574-574.  Abstract + ( 986 )   The quality of periodicals on agricultural science and technology was determined by quality of an editor. Selfcultivation and improvement of ability of an editor in new situation were narrated according to author’s experiences working on periodicals on agricultural science and technology. As an editor, he should build up concept to learn for life and change experiences with coworkers.

  三农问题研究

  The Analysis for the Models of the Trainings of Farmers Zhang Yu 2007, 23 (8):  581-581.  Abstract + ( 1298 )   this article imposes on the principal part of the training of farmers, it introduces some important models of the training, including various basic truss and instances. The article also has the opinions on the problems of these models. All of these can supply the bases for the future research.

  Discuss the Tactics Prepared to Establish Provincial Key Laboratory ——Taking the establishment Key Laboratory of Regulation and Control of Crop Growth of Hebei as the Subject Meng Chengsheng, Liu Yuan, Zhang Junhong, Li Cundong 2007, 23 (8):  585-585.  Abstract + ( 1323 )   Taking Key Laboratory of Regulation and Control of Crop Growth of He bei as the Subject, this paper discussed the process origin, development and establishment construction of the high agriculture college during the course of establishing the provincial key laboratories and analyzed the related problems in the course of establishment of provincial key laboratories and put forward the thoughts and strategies of establishing the provincial laboratories serving the rural economy, rural development and rural demography and meeting market economy development in term of rare resource.

  Retrospection and expectation of Social Assessment Impact of Project Engineering Yang Huajun, Yang Qingyuan,Xie Deti, Xie Jinning, Lu Chunyang, Wang Zhaolin 2007, 23 (8):  588-588.  Abstract + ( 1897 )   With the emphasize on the principle of focusing on people and sustainable development ,Social Assessment Impact of project engineering was more and more important .but at present, SIA had not been standarded，in this paper, the author retrospected the history of social assessment ,concluded its concept、content, method ,discussed the key problems, and expected the trend of SIA.

  目次

  Studies on the Development Models in the Suburbs of Metropolis in China Zhou Ying, Yin Changbin, Guo Shumin 2007, 23 (8):  594-594.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   This paper discusses the necessity to develop circular agriculture in the suburbs of metropolis in China, summarizes three typical models in Fang-Shan district of Beijing. These models include following characteristics, such as utilizing waste materials of agriculture synthetically, extending agricultural industrial chains under the conduct of leading enterprise and building agricultural industrial parks by linking with main industries. This paper puts forward suggestions to develop circular agriculture in Fang Shan district of Beijing，first exploring the new technology of comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste materials, second extending the industrial chains of farm products processing enterprise, third making innovations of cooperative economy organizations in agriculture. At last the paper raises the development models in the suburbs of metropolis in China.

  三农问题研究

  Cooperation with the Chinese Insurance Rural Insurance System Innovation Wang Chuanling 2007, 23 (8):  605-605.  Abstract + ( 1036 )   China's rural insurance system innovation has been the case, this issue is the conduct of a systems engineering, China's rural areas need to do in-depth studies in all directions. But I think the core of rural social insurance model of reform, need to build a new rural social insurance model, the cooperative insurance organizations. The author discussed the rural social insurance system as a major innovation, as well as cooperation in the establishment of insurance organizations, advantages and explain their operation. Cooperative insurance organizations on rural social insurance of various types of universal application of the new model, improve the study of a single rural insurance, limited, the theory of the status quo, farmers so as to improve the quality of life purpose

  Transform Farmer's Idea: the Key of Success or Failure in the Construction of Socialism New Countryside Li Weichao, Wang Wenchang 2007, 23 (8):  610-610.  Abstract + ( 1447 )   In current developing socialism new countryside construction, both in the theory and in the practice have the question of neglecting farmer's idea transform. If farmers can not completely change their traditional idea to modern, all the construction of new countryside will become empty，even cause modern crisis such as ideas confusion, lopsided economic in urban modernization process. Using integrated history and logic method, the article analyzes from the theory, the history and the present situation, and thinks that although the economic base determines the superstructure, ideas as the superstructure also can have the certain reaction; In modernization process, it is the neglect of idea transformation in different stages that led to the modern crisis during the process of Chinese modernization. Meanwhile farmer's idea is behind the process of modernization. Therefore, farmer's idea transformation such as ethics standard, the moral reconstruction, the tradition inherits become the important content and the key of success or failure in the new countryside construction.

  Potato Breeding and Development in Fujian Province Tang Hao, Cai Nantong, Luo Wenbin, Wu Qiuyun, Qiu Yongxiang, Xu Yongqing, Li Guangxing 2007, 23 (8):  615-615.  Abstract + ( 1473 )   The article review the history of potato, and analyze the potato production and breeding problems in Fujian Province. Combining with the nature and climate in Fujian Province, the writer brong forward the potato breeding objective, tactics and technology system construction which will provide some consults for potato breeding in Fujian Province in the future.

  Peasantry Livelihood Diversity Influence Factors Analysis Jin Xiaoxia, Guo Ling, Liu Xiuhua 2007, 23 (8):  619-619.  Abstract + ( 1064 )   Peasantry livelihood diversity of FengDu County has representation in the whole western area. However, case studies on the influence factors are scarce. Using Participatory Rural Appraisal method, this paper investigates the peasants’ livelihood and the influence factors of peasantry livelihood diversity in MingShan Town(LiangHuiKou, GuJiaDian, LuMingSi), SheTan Town(SanQiao, DeSheng, GanTan), WuPing Town(YinJiaBa, BaZhou) of FengDu County. The results show the factors included: nature resource, environment, manpower resource, substance element, society relationship, policy and so on.

  Development of the Rural Areas After High-Quality Farmers’ Leaving the Rural Areas ——Lucun of Pingyao in Shanxi as Case Wang Yuxiong 2007, 23 (8):  624-624.  Abstract + ( 1082 )   The fact that the young and the middle aged farmers go to the city leads to a series of problems, for example, brain drain of local country, widening disparity between education in the rural areas and that of city, reduction of efficiency of land’s utilization. In order to solve these problems, measures should be taken as follows:Speeding up perfection of the system of the land’s flow, actively facilitating the development of education in the rural areas, creating various favorable conditions for the pioneering farmers who return to their home village, refining the social security system for the farmers

  A Discussion on Regional Development Strategy of Tea in Jiangsu, China Liu Aijun, Zhang Yihong, Ding Zhengqiang 2007, 23 (8):  628-628.  Abstract + ( 1202 )   Tea is an important cash crop in Jiangsu, China. Since 1978,tea production has increased steadily while there are some problems such as poor quality and ineffective marketing system. The paper suggests that Jiangsu has a suitable environment and many advantages for wheat production. Finally, the paper put forward some policy suggestions for further development