Spectroscopies of Soil Humic Substances: A Review

Abstract

Abstract: The application of organic matter spectroscopies to characterization researches of soil humic substances have promoted the structural study achieves more development. Compared with the classic chemical analysis methods，the advantages of spectroscopies are minimal sample preparation，as well as being rapid, sensitive, noninvasive, accurate, informative and repeatable. However, people had not made sure of the structure characteres of soil humic substances, due to the complication and lack of advanced research means. For conquering the influence of extraction and pyrolysis on the structures and the limitation of spectroscopies, the main future researches are: (1) the extraction of soil humic substances. Extractant，methylating，hydrolysis，oxidation and reduction have influence on humics characterization; (2) the response to substances. The structure and chemical property of the same soil humic substances can vary with climate，parent material，altitude，vegetational form and soil management; and (3) the development of chemical analysis. Every spectroscopy has certain limitation because of some influencing factors，such as，sample preparation，analysis and operating condition，according，can attect the structure. And the standard spectrogram has not included all soil humic substances.

CLC Number:

Chen Lan, Tang Xiaohong, Wei Chaofu. Spectroscopies of Soil Humic Substances: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2007, 23(8): 233-233.

References

[1] 武天云,Jeff J.Schoenau,李凤民,等.土壤有机质概念和分组技术研究进展.应用生态学报,2004,15(4):717-722.
[2] Kosuke Ikeyaa, Shuichi Yamamoto,Akira Watanabe. Semiquantitative GC/MS analysis of thermochemolysis products of soil humic acids with various degrees of humification. Organic Geochemistry,2004,35:583-594.
[3] Keijo Lehtonen, Kari H?nninen, Martti Ketola. Structurally bound lipids in peat humic acids. Organic Geochemistry,2001,32:33-43.
[4] Artinger R.,Buckau G.,Geyer S. et al. Characterization of groundwater humic substances: influence of sedimentary organic carbon.Applied Geochemistry,2000,15:97-116.
[5] Lu X.Q.,Hanna J.V.,Johnson W.D. Source indicators of humic substances: an elemental composition,solid state 13C CP/MAS NMR and Py-GC/ MS study. Applied Geochemistry,2000,15:1019-1033.
[6] 燕启社,孙红文. Fenton 氧化对土壤有机质及其吸附性能的影响.农业环境科学学报,2006,25(2):412-417.
[7] Baran?íkováG.,Senesi N.B,Brunetti G. Chemical and spectroscopic characterization of humic acids isolated from different Slovak soil types. Geoderma,1997,78:251-266.
[8] Ingrid K?gel-Knabner. Analytical approaches for characterizing soil organic matter.Organic Geochemistry,2000,31(7-8):609-625.
[9] Jose C. del Ri’o,Hatcher P.G. Analysis of aliphatic biopolymers using thermochemolysis with tetramethylammonium hydroxide(TMAH) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Organic Geochemistry,1998,29(5-7):1441-1451.
[10] Benny Chefetz, Myrna J Salloum, Ashish P Deshmukh, et al. Structural components of humic acids as determined by chemical modifications and Carbon-13NMR, Pyrolysis-, and Thermochemolysis-Gas Chromatograp by Mass Spectrometry. Soil Science Society of America Journal,2002,66(4):1159-1171.
[11] Guignard C.,Lemée L.,Amblès A. Lipid constituents of peat humic acids and humin. Distinction from directly extractable bitumen components using TMAH and TEAAc thermochemolysis. Organic Geochemistry,2005,36:287-297.
[12] 朱淮武.有机分子结构波谱解析.北京:化学工业出版社,2005:29-74.
[13] 周学秋,朱雨杰,刘旭,等.现代傅立叶变换近红外光谱仪器技术及其应用.现代仪器,2002,4:29-33.
[14] Huang W.E.,Hopper David,Goodacre Royston, et al. Rapid characterization of microbial biodegradation pathways by FT-IR spectroscopy. Journal of Microbiological Methods,2006,67(2):273-280.
[15] Ludmila Timofeevna Shirshova, Elham A. Ghabbour, Geoffrey Davies. Spectroscopic characterization of humic acid fractions isolated from soil using different extraction procedures[J]. Geoderma, 2006,133:204-216.
[16] Heike Knicker, Kai Uwe Totsche, Gonzalo Almendros, et al. Condensation degree of burnt peat and plant residues and the reliability of solid-state VACP MAS 13C NMR spectra obtained from pyrogenic humic material. Organic Geochemistry,2005,36:1359-1377.
[17] 粱重山,刘丛强.现代分析技术在土壤腐殖质研究中的应用.土壤,2001,3:154-158.
[18] Conte P.,Piccolo A.,Van Lagen B., et al. Quantitative aspects of solid-state 3C-NMR spectra of humic substances from soils of volcanic systems]. Geoderma,1997,80:327-338.
[19] Conte P.,Piccolo A.,van Lagen B., et al. Quantitative differences in evaluating soil humic substances by liquid- and solid-state 3C-NMR spectroscopy]. Geoderma,1997,80:339-352.
[20] 张丽君.核磁共振技术的进展.河北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(2):224-227.
[21] 王明雷,杜江,王嗣,等.核磁共振法在天然有机化合物绝对构型测定中的应用.有机化学,2002,21(5):341-349.
[22] Ingrid K?gel-Knabner. 13C and 15N NMR spectroscopy as a tool in soil organic matter studies. Geoderma,1997,80(3-4):243-270.
[23] Ronald J. Smernik,J. Malcolm Oades. The use of spin counting for determining quantitation in solid state 13C,NMR spectra of natural organic matter 1. Model systems and the effects of paramagnetic impurities]. Geoderma,2000,96:101-129.
[24] Garry S. H. Lee, Michael A. Wilson and Brent R. Young.The application of the “WATERGATE” suppression technique for analyzing humic substances by nuclear magnetic resonance. Organic Geochemistry,1998,28(9-10):549-559.
[25] Schnitzer M., Schulten H.-R. A contribution to solving the puzzle of the chemical structure of humic substances: pyrolysis-soft ionization mass spectrometry]. The Science of The Total Environment,1992,117-118:27-39.
[26] Gaffney J.S., Marly N.A.,Clark S.B. Humic and fulvic acids isolation,structure and environmental role]. Washington: Americas Society Press,1996,378-385.
[27] 闫娥,孙文凤.土壤腐殖质的分析化学研究现状.青海大学学报,2000,18(5):17-18.
[28] Cook R.L.,Langford C.H. Structural characteriation of a fluvic acid and a humic acid using slate ramp-CP-MAS 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. Environmental Science Technology,1998,32:719-725.
[29] Leenheer J.A.,Wershaw R.L.,Brown G.K., et al. Characterization and diagenesis of strong-acid carboxyl groups in humic substances. Applied Geochemistry,2003,18(3):471-482.
[30] Xianzhi Song,Farwell S.O. Pyrolysis gas chromatography atomic emission detection method for determination of N-containing components of humic and fulvic acid. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2004,71(2): 901-915.
[31] Rice J.A.,MacCarthy P. Comments on the literature of the humin fraction of humus. Geoderma,1988,43(1):65-73.
[32] Fabbri D.,Chiavari G.,Galletti G.C. Characterization of soil humin by pyrolysis(/methylation)-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: structural relationships with humic acids. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,1996,37(2):161-172.
[33] Leinweber P.,Schulten H.-R. Adwances in analytical pyrolysis of soil organic matter. Journal of analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,1999,49(1-2):383-359.
[34] 李云峰,徐建民,袁可能.土壤和沉积物胡敏素的研究现状.土壤通报,1999,30(1):17-20.
[35] 徐建民,李云峰,袁可能.土壤胡敏素的分级及其特性研究.中国学术期刊文摘(研究快报),1996,2(10):117.
[36] 梁重山,党志.核磁共振波谱法在腐殖质研究中的应用.农业环境保护,2001,20(4): 277-279.
[37] 王旭东,胡田田,张一平.不同结合态胡敏酸的性质、结构研究.西北农业学报,1998,7(1):75-78.
[38] Béatrice Allard. A comparative study on the chemical composition of humic acids from forest soil,agricultural soil and lignite deposit Bound lipid,carbohydrate and amino acid distributions. Geoderma,2006,130 (1-2):77-96.
[39] 李丽,贾望鲁,彭平安,等.裂解技术研究Pahokee泥炭腐殖酸的组成和来源特征.分析化学,2005,33(2):150-154.
[40] Li Li,Wanglu Jia,Ping’an Peng, et al. Compositional and source characterization of base progressively extracted humic acids using pyrolytic gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Applied Geochemistry,2006,21:1455-1468.
[41] 孙伟亚,何广平,吴宏海,等.珠江河口水体沉积物中腐殖酸的提取与表征.应用化工,2006,35(1):63-66.
[42] Spaccini R.,Mbagwu J.S.C.,Conte P., et al. Changes of humic substances characteristics from forested to cultivated soils in Ethiopia. Geoderma,2006,132(1-2):9-19.
[43] Chen Z., Pawluk S. Structural variations of humic acids in two sola of Alberta Mollisols. Geoderma,1995,65:173-193.
[44] Camille Keeler, Eugene F. Kelly,Gary E. Maciel.Chemical–structural information from solid-state 13C NMR studies of a suite of humic materials from a lower montane forest soil,Colorado,USA]. Geoderma,2006,130:124-140.
[45] Conte P.,Spaccini R.,Chiarella M. et al. Chemical properties of humic substances in soils of an Italian volcanic system. Geoderma,2003,117:243-250.
[46] Lu X.Q.,Hanna J.V.,Johnson W.D. Source indicators of humic substances: an elemental composition,solid state 13C CP/MAS NMR and Py-GC/MS Study. Applied Geochemistry,2000,15(7):1019-1033.
[47] Malcolm R.L. The uniqueness of humic substances in each of soil, stream and marine environment. Analytica Chimica Acta.,1990,232:19-30.
[48] Zinati G.M.,Li Y.C.,Bryan H.H. Utilization of compost increases organic carbon and its humin,humic and Its Humin,Humic and Fulvic Acid Fractions In Calcareous Soil. Compost Science & Utilization,2001,9(2):156-162.
[49] 李吉进,郝晋珉,邹国元,等.高温堆肥碳氮循环及腐殖质变化特征研究.生态环境,2004,13(3):332-334.
[50] Leinweber P.,Schulten H.-R. Dynamics of soil organic matter studied by pyrolysis—field ionization mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,1993,25(7):123-136.
[51] Amir S.,Hafidi M.,Lemee L., et al. Structural characterization of humic acids,extracted from sewage sludge during composting by thermochemolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Process Biochemistry,2006,41(2):410-422.
[52] Véronique Réveillé,Laurence Mansuy,émilie Jardé, et al. Characterisation of sewage sludge-derived organic matter: lipids and humic acids. Organic Geochemistry,2003,34(4):615-627.
[53] Grube M.,Lin J.G.,Lee P.H.,S. Kokorevicha. Evaluation of sewage sludge-based compost by FT-IR spectroscopy. Geoderma,2006,130(3-4):324-333.
[54] Martin D.,Srivastava P.C.,Ghosh D., et al. Characteristics of humic substances in cultivated and natural forest soils of Sikkim. Geoderma,1998,84:345-362.
[55] Gondar D.,Lopez R.,Fiol S., et al. Characterization and acid–base properties of fulvic and humic acids isolated from two horizons of an ombrotrophic peat bog. Geoderma,2005,126:367-374.
[56] 张晋京,窦森.施用猪粪对棕壤富里酸结构特征的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,2003,9(1):75-80.
[57] 吴景贵,王明辉,姜亦梅,等.施用玉米植株残体对土壤富里酸组成、结构及其变化的影响.土壤学报,2005,43(1):133-140.
[58] 吴景贵,景凤英,汪冬梅,等.玉米植株残体还田后土壤胡敏酸理化性质变化的动态研究.中国农业科学,1999,32(1):63-68.