Abstract: In current developing socialism new countryside construction, both in the theory and in the practice have the question of neglecting farmer's idea transform. If farmers can not completely change their traditional idea to modern, all the construction of new countryside will become empty，even cause modern crisis such as ideas confusion, lopsided economic in urban modernization process. Using integrated history and logic method, the article analyzes from the theory, the history and the present situation, and thinks that although the economic base determines the superstructure, ideas as the superstructure also can have the certain reaction; In modernization process, it is the neglect of idea transformation in different stages that led to the modern crisis during the process of Chinese modernization. Meanwhile farmer's idea is behind the process of modernization. Therefore, farmer's idea transformation such as ethics standard, the moral reconstruction, the tradition inherits become the important content and the key of success or failure in the new countryside construction.