Abstract: The Primary dieases and pests of Palm in South China area are investigated and researched. It includes six species of the dieases and seven species of the pests that are worse for the Palm. The dieases are Rldzoctonia satani, Phytophthora, Colletotrichum gloeosporides, Pestalotiopsis palmarum, Graphiola phoenicis, Thielaviopsis aethacetica and the pests are Oryctes rhinoceros, Brontispa longissima, Diocalandra frumenti, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Acanthopsyche subferalbata, Odontotermes formosanus and larva of Scarabaeoidea. The symptom and pathogen of the dieases and the form of the pests are discribed in the article, especially the injury course and the work rule. The effective controlling measure are brought forward.