Abstract: Lignin is a complex polymer formed by the oxidative polymerization of hydroxycinnamyl alcohol derivatives termed monolignols. According to the latest development of the lignin researching field, we summarized the probably pathway of lignin biosynthesis and mainly introduced the genetics study on some important enzymes such as PAL, C4H, COMT, CCoAOMT, C3H, F5H, 4CL, CCR and CAD etc., and simply depicted the cellular and subcellular localization of PAL, C4H, COMT, CCoAOMT. At last we generalized the problems and prospects of the enzymology studies field of lignin biosynthesis, and supposed the probably potential application value of these fields in oil-seed research realm.