Abstract: Abstract: The purpose is to investigate the Genetic diversity of peanut varieties from the Region Tests of Shandong province. 45 peanut varieties were analyzed using SSR markers, including of 28 Shandong peanut varieties and 17 peanut varieties from other provinces.Total 57 bands were generated with 10 SSR primers, of which 45(78.95%) were polymorphic. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was varied from 0.369~0.857, with an average of 0.683. The genetic diversity indices of Shandong peanut varieties (0.2476,0.3723) were all lower than other provinces(0.2929,0.4268) and Henan province(0.2928,0.4241). The value of GS from Shandong peanut varieties ranged from 0.440 to 1.000, on an average of 0.730. The value of GS from other provinces varieties ranged from 0.311 to 0.962, on an average of 0.638. The significant test showed that the similarity of Shandong peanut varieties was higher than others provinces, and the difference was greatly significant at 0.01 level. The results of cluster analysis indicated that, the genetic basis of Shandong peanut varieties tends narrow, and most of varieties from Shandong were clustered into II group. The genetic basis of Shandong peanut varieties tends narrow. It is necessary to broaden its genetic basis by introducing diversed and distant varieties as parents in breeding program from other provinces.