Abstract: With aggravation of industrial pollution and increase of agricultural chemical material, the problem of heavy metal pollution becomes more and more serious in soil; soil animals can absorb and accumulate part of residue of heavy metal which threats health of animals and human through food chain. On the basis of discussion of Characteristics of heavy metals enrichment, the author analysis comprehensively toxic effect on the soil animals of heavy metal from individual, population and community level and detoxification strategy of soil animal in soil which is polluted by heavy metal. Finally, in order to provide a reference for further studying, the author analyzed these issues existed and forecast the research trends in terms of methods to detect toxicity of heavy metals, combined pollution mechanisms, research of molecular mechanisms and soil animals' ecological restoration function.