Abstract: Abstract: The pollen grains of 10 cultivars in Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn were observed under SEM(Scan Electronic Microscope) and had the principal component analysis with the data.The results showed that they were subglobose.The length between poles varied from 37.5～50.9μm and diamerter of the equator ranged 41.6～51.3μm.They all had three germinal furrows.The cover was embellished with cerebroid or rugulate.With the principal component analysis result, the accumulative contribution rate of the former five principal components reach to 96.3789%. So we choose the former five principal compoents as the new principal components.The characters in importance one by one are the length between poles(P),volume index,diamerter of the equator(E),the length of germinal furrow(L),P/E, distance of lirae, style of exine ornamentation, fossa width and shapes in polar view in the analysis of palynology.