Current issue

• 2009 Vol.25 No.6 Published:20 March 2009

  畜牧兽医科学

  Extraction and determination of Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharide 2009, 25 (6):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1987 )   PDF ( 519810KB )   ( 1477 ) The objective of this experiment was to extracted and purified capsular polysaccharide from Staphylococcus aureus,and detected it is contents. Supersonic wave was used to crushed bacteria liquid, CTAB was used to combine capsular polysaccharide, CaCl2 decollement and ethanol precipitation of chemical method was used to extracte and purify capsular polysaccharide, phenol-vitriolic colorimetry was used to detecte its contents.The result showed that obtained capsular polysaccharide 0.31g,its contents was 65.06%. The result indicated that this experiment successed to extract capsular polysaccharide,and determined its contents, preliminary determined methods of crudely extracted capsular polysaccharide of Staphylococcus aureus.

  Determination Metabolizable Energy of Feed Ingredients in Broilers 2009, 25 (6):  5-8.  Abstract + ( 1468 )   PDF ( 437150KB )   ( 1118 ) 192 22-day-old AA broilers were randomly assigned into 4 treatments, with 8 replicates each treatment (4 replicates for male and female broilers respectively). Four diets were prepared based on corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal. AME and AMEn of corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal were evaluated by collecting parts of excreta. The results were as follows: AMEn of male broiler was greater than that of female broiler in soybean meal and cottonseed meal (p<0.05). Sex of broilers had no significant effects on AME and AMEn in corn and rapeseed meal (p>0.05). The utilizable efficiency of AME and AMEn of male broiler were greater than that of female broiler in corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal (p>0.05). AME of corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal were 14.82, 12.10, 11.17, 9.79MJ/kg, and AMEn were 14.80, 11.81, 10.81, 9.60MJ/kg respectively.

  Comparison of 16S rRNA and VITEK-32 Identification Results for Enterococcus Isolates from Clinical Swine Infections 2009, 25 (6):  9-12.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 485377KB )   ( 869 ) [Objectives] To compare the two bacteria typing methods as used in Enterococcus identification for swine infection. [Methods] Forty-two Gram-positive coccal isolates were acquired from infection cases in Luoyang, Jiyuan, Xuchang and Nanyang of Henan Province, and were analysed by means of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Vitec-32 automatic identification system respectively. [Results] 34 out of 42 isolates were determined to species level by Vitec-32, among which were 10 isolates of E. faecalis, 2 of E. faecium, 22 of E. casseliflavus, whereas the other 8 failed to be identified. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that all the isolates were Enterococcus species, with 12 of E. faecalis and 30 of E. faecium. In comparison, among the 10 isolates of E. faecalis by Vitec-32, 9 were verified as the same and the other 1 was identified as E. faecium by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Both methods showed identical results with the two E. faecium isolates. All the 22 Vitec-32-determined E. casseliflavus were re-decided by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as 1 of E. faecalis and 21 of E. faecium species. The 8 unidentified isolates turned out to be E. faecalis(2) and E. faecium(6). [Conclusion] Vitec-32 results showed good consistence(75%) to that of16S rRNA gene sequencing when applied to E. faecalis identification, and significant discrepancy（93.3％） occurred in identifying the E. faecium sp isolates.

  Molecular Cloning and Mutation Site Analysis of LPL Gene in Swine 2009, 25 (6):  13-16.  Abstract + ( 1120 )   PDF ( 1194778KB )   ( 622 )

  Prevention strategy for stock raising pollution in Taiwan and its use for reference 2009, 25 (6):  17-20.  Abstract + ( 1432 )   PDF ( 459743KB )   ( 1046 ) In Taiwan, the measures to control stock raising pollution is to reduce waste and reuse resource, extend pollution control technologies, strengthen pollution management; there are edicts to control pollution such as water pollution control, air pollution control, offal cleaning, reuse the resource. Use the experience for reference, some countermeasures for China main land are put forward such as to increase invest to environment protection, study to clean production, perfect the lawmaking of pollution control, the location and scale should be controlled in moderation.

  Effects of different dietary cation-anion difference on ruminal pH, NH3-N and enzyme activity of Laoshan dairy goats 2009, 25 (6):  21-24.  Abstract + ( 1295 )   PDF ( 438239KB )   ( 688 ) The present experiment was conducted to determine effects of different DCAD in diets on ruminal fluid pH, protein degradation and activity of three kinds of digestion enzyme in rumen of Laoshan dairy goats. A 4×4 latin square design was adopted in this experiment. DCAD in different groups was 0、50、100、200mEq/kgDM, respectively. The means of different sampling points showed that DCAD of diet could could significantly influence the ruminal pH, content of NH3-N and activity of carboxymethyl cellulase (P<0.05) , and there was no effects of DCAD on activity of α-amylase and neutralprotease(P>0.05).It could be concluded from results that the DCAD of 100mEq/kgDM was advantaged to non-pregnancy, non-lactication Laoshan dairy goat.

  Detection of Cattle and Sheep-derived Materials in Feed Products of Ruminant Feed and Animal-derived Feed 2009, 25 (6):  25-28.  Abstract + ( 1308 )   PDF ( 1320748KB )   ( 844 ) The products of ruminant feed including pre-mixed feed, concentrate supplementary material, the full price feed and cattle or sheep-derived feed including fish meal, poultry meat powder, etc from the enterprise in He Nan province were detected by qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . The results showed that the qualified rate was 99.14% in 350 batches of ruminant feed and animal-derived material feed. Among these products, the qualified rate was 99.03%in 310 batches of ruminant feed and the qualified rate was 100% in 36 batches of animal-derived material feed. In the three batches of unqualified products, one batche contains cattle and sheep-derived material .Two batches simply contain cattle-derived materials.

  Performances and Ecological Characteristics on Diandongnan buffalo 2009, 25 (6):  29-32.  Abstract + ( 2050 )   PDF ( 445206KB )   ( 835 ) The performances of growth and devolopment, reproduction and draft on Diandongnan buffalo were observed in this paper, which present that Diandongnan buffalo belongs to medium-small and classical draft type. The adult bull and cow body weights, body heights, heights at hip cross are 476.64±101.18 kg and 392.16±64.25 kg, 131.00±7.39 cm and 123.33±4.50 cm, 125.85±6.08 cm and 120.22±2.91 cm, respectively, which are less than Dehong buffalo and Binlangjiang buffalo; and of which the dressing percentage and net meat ratio are close to Binlangjiang buffalo, and decreased by 10 percentage points than Dehong buffalo. Some devolopment strategies were pointed out in the later years about Diandongnan buffalo.

  Initial Establishment of Lactic Acid Animal Model in Mouse Intestine 2009, 25 (6):  33-36.  Abstract + ( 1271 )   PDF ( 3038595KB )   ( 620 ) Abstract：Lactic acid is a kind of organic acid which was excreted by lactic acid bacteria. This article is to determine the maximum concentration excreted by Lactobacillus acidophilus. Lactic acid in 4 different concentration were drenched to 4 teams respectively, 12.89ul/ml、30ul/ml、60ul/ml、90ul/ml. The result was obtained throw body temperature, clinical symptom, dissecting detection，biochemistry test and pathological section. The change in blood serum was tiny after 60ul/ml Lactic acid drenching. No lesion had be found in 60ul/ml for small intestine. Lactic acid in 60ul/ml is the suitable concentration to establish Lactic acid animal model in mouse intestine.

  The Effect of Tenebrio Antiviral Peptide Induced By Newcastle Disease Virus 2009, 25 (6):  37-39.  Abstract + ( 1477 )   PDF ( 436763KB )   ( 746 ) The experiment was conducted to observe inhibition of anti-viral substances in Tenebrio Molitor induced by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) to Newcastle disease virus. Chook embryo was used to culture Newcastle disease virus to enlarge its amount, and then NDV liquid was extracted from it, and Tenebrio Molitor larvae was stabbed by needle containing NDV, after 2 to 3 days anti-viral substances was picked up from Tenebrio Molitor larvae. The blood coagulation capability of anti-viral substances was confirmed and the experiment that chook embryo was induced to bring on of a disease was done. The results reveal that The blood coagulation capability of anti-viral substances was 1∶64. The effect in inhibition of NDV induction chook embryo to disease has certain, but it was not obvious.

  农业生物技术科学

  Molecular cloning and homologous sequence analysis of the gene fragment of the second subunit of NADH dehydrogenase ( ndhB) in Fraxinus velutina Torr 2009, 25 (6):  40-46.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   PDF ( 751546KB )   ( 746 ) A novel cDNA encoding the second subunit of NADH dehydrogenase (NDHB) was cloned from Fraxinus velutina Torr by RT-PCR and designated as FvndhB. The cDNA was 893 bp in length, encoding 288 amino acid with a predicted molecular mass of 32.4kD and a pI of 10.17. Sequence alignment showed that FvndhB presented higher similarity with other ndhBs at the level of nucleic acid. The similarity was the highest between Fraxinus velutina Torr and Morus alba, the second was Populus alba, and Cryptomeria Japonica was the last. Phylogeny tree was constructed by the software of DNAMAN, the genetic relationship was far between Fraxinus velutina Torr and other plants. In this research, FvndhB gene segment was obtained, and the phylogenetic analysis was researched. It established basis on cloning the span of FvndhB and studying the characteristics of FvndhB gene expression in Fraxinus velutina Torr.

  Combining Ability Analysis for the Lodging Resistance of Restorer Lines Stem from Indica-Japonica Cross of Rice 2009, 25 (6):  47-53.  Abstract + ( 1508 )   PDF ( 544040KB )   ( 649 ) The method which could continuously polymerize and accumulate different favorable subspecies gene was used in this study. 12 restorer lines of different Indica-Japonica differentiation types and 8 sterile lines of two and three-lines were used as materials in this study. The combining ability and group genetic parameters of 6 lodging resistance traits were synthetically analyzed based on p×q incomplete diallele cross (NCⅡ) design by using 12 restorer lines and 8 sterile lines (12×8) as experiment materials. The results show that: The heredity of lodging resistance in 6 stem traits is influenced by the additive gene effect and non-additive effect of parent at the same time. The heredity of lodging index and breaking resistance is mainly controlled by the non-additive effect of parent. Plant height, bending moment and stem elliptic sectional area are mainly controlled by additive gene effect. The functions of additive gene effect and non-additive effect of parent on stem wall sectional area of the progeny are quite consistent. The genetic effect of the restorer lines play an important part in the lodging resistance of stem traits for hybrid combinations. The breaking resistance and bending moment are influenced not only by the specific combining ability of parent but also by the general combining ability of the restorer lines. K17A , Guangkang13A and II-32A could play down the transgressive heterosis of plant height in the Indica-Japonica hybrid and enhance the lodging resistance. Minghui509, Minghui512, Minghui502 and Minghui398 have more obvious advantages than other restorer lines in reducing lodging index, what is more, the general combining ability in plant height is negative effect. The 4 restorer lines have important utilizable value to enhance the lodging resistance of stem in breeding practice.

  Application of Trehalose and the Study Progress of Trehalose- 6- phosphate synthase Gene in Transgenic Plants 2009, 25 (6):  54-58.  Abstract + ( 1471 )   PDF ( 467721KB )   ( 956 ) The physical and chemical properties and the bio-function of trehalos were summarized. The composition and function of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae trehalose synthase complex were introduced. The application of trehalose-6-phosphate synthetase gene in transgenic plants(especially in stress tolerance of plant) was expatiated.

  Cloning and bioinformatic analysis of fibrinolytic enzyme from Gloydius intermedius 2009, 25 (6):  59-63.  Abstract + ( 1467 )   PDF ( 944334KB )   ( 745 ) Objective: Fibrinolytic enzyme gene of Gloydius intermedius was cloned,then analysis the gene sequence and function. Methods:Total RNA was extracted from venom cells from Gloydius intermedius,FLE gene was amplified by RT-PCR.Then it was connected to pMD18-T vector by TA cloning.At last,sequencing and analysis the gene sequence. Results:FLE gene was successfully cloned.Its length was 777bp including whole open reading frame(ORF). Conclusion:Gene sequence of FLE of Gloydius intermedius was cloned successfully and deduced the animo acid sequence.The ORF codes 258 animo acids,including lots of hydrophobic animo acids.19 animo acids is a secretory signal peptide.Based on the animo acid sequences of other fibrinolytic enzyme,the His65、Asp110 and Ser204 constitute the catalytic resduces and the frame is high identity;the whole sequence includes 12 cys what matching 6 disulfide bridges are essential to the tertiary structure and stability of FLE .Cloning the gene of FLE successfully affords basis for the research of genetic character of this gene and prokaryotic expression or eukaryotic expression.

  Genechip Technology and Its Applications in Plant Research 2009, 25 (6):  64-65.  Abstract + ( 1191 )   PDF ( 327474KB )   ( 914 ) Genechip was a high flux，rapid，parallel nucleic acid sequence detection and quantitative analyse technology．It fixed a great deal of specific nucleic acid sequence on carrier as probe，and hybridized with marked nucleic acid molecular．It estimate the constitutions and quantity of target molecular in samples through detecting the hybridized signal．Principle and character of Genechip technology and its applications at plant were summarized in this article.

  食品科学

  The Study of Compose of Coconut Water Protein 2009, 25 (6):  66-69.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   PDF ( 735346KB )   ( 930 ) this paper study compose of coconut water protein by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis. The results showed that there were nine subunits in coconut water protein. It was in order to improve the study of coconut.

  Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene treatment on the cucumber fruit quality during low temperature storage YANG Shao-Lan 2009, 25 (6):  70-72.  Abstract + ( 1394 )   PDF ( 471047KB )   ( 745 ) In this study, cucumber (Cucumis sativus ‘yesan’) were used to investigate the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the postharvest fruit quality. Before 0℃ storage, the cucumber were treated with 10 ppm 1-MCP for 24 h, and the fruit organoleptic quality, relative electric conductivity, Vc content, TA content and the weight loss rate were measured during the low temperature storage. As the results, 1-MCP could delay the increasing of the relative electric conductivity, alleviate the occurrence of chilling injury. The decreasing of Vc and TA were also inhibited by 1-MCP treatment. In all, 1-MCP can maintain the good quality of cucumber.

  Analysis of Main Chemical Components of Flue-cured Tobacco Grown in Zhangjiajie of Hunan Province 2009, 25 (6):  73-76.  Abstract + ( 1380 )   PDF ( 518792KB )   ( 622 ) The characteristic of chemical components of flue-tobacco leaf were studies by detecting total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, potassium and chlorine of 90 flue-tobacco samples with 3 grades(B2F,C3F,X2F) from the typical tobacco-growing town of Zhangjiajie City. The results showed that total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, chlorine were at right levels, and nicotine was slightly high, and potassium was slightly low in top leaf. The concentration difference of chemical components in tobacco samples between grown years was significant, but that between tobacco-growing counties and between tobacco-growing town was not statistical significant. The main chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves in 6 typical tobacco-growing towns of Zhangjiajie City were divided into 2 types(high sugar and potassium, low sugar and potassium) by the cluster analysis.

  农业基础科学

  Advancements in Phosphorus Deficiency Tolerance Study in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) 2009, 25 (6):  77-83.  Abstract + ( 1374 )   PDF ( 546290KB )   ( 1087 ) The low availability of phosphorus in soils is a major yield-limiting factor in rice production. Developing cultivars with high phosphorus efficiency may represent a more sustainable solution than sole reliance on fertilizer application. This paper summarized the research progresses in QTL mapping of traits related to phosphorus efficiency in rice. The mechanism of tolerance to phosphorus deficiency of rice and the screening system of high phosphorus efficient genotype was also briefly discussed. Meantime, the problems and perspectives on rice phosphorus efficiency study were proposed.

  林业科学

  Research on the Effects of Stand Density on understory vegetation Diversity of Larix principis-rupprechii plantation 2009, 25 (6):  84-88.  Abstract + ( 1535 )   PDF ( 734592KB )   ( 773 ) The study site was located in Saihanba mechanical forest farm of Hebei province, through the research on the effects of stand density on understory vegetation diversity of Larix principis-rupprechii plantation by using of sample plot investigation method, the result showed that the effects of stand density on Simpson index D of shrub and Shannon-Wiener index H of herb are biggest in each of the diversity index of understory vegetation of Larix principis-rupprechii plantation. There were a certain extent effects of stand density on families and genera compositions, species richness, species diversity, species evenness of understory vegetation of Larix principis-rupprechii plantation and they showed decreasing trend in different degree with increasing of stand density.

  A Mathematic Model for the Plantation Fuelwood Trees’ Choise 2009, 25 (6):  89-92.  Abstract + ( 1432 )   PDF ( 611523KB )   ( 671 ) Fuelwood forest is an important kind of plantation. It is closely linked with people’s living. The author based on the idea that searched for some main local fuelwood forest trees and established multi-variable regression equation with the weight of samples and the calorific value of burning, in order to found one or some dominant species of fuelwood forest which have the maximum calorific value of burning. It provides the theory basis for selecting the appropriate plantation fuelwood trees scientifically and accurately.

  Study on Cold-resistance Characteristics of Prunus domestical L. 2009, 25 (6):  97-100.  Abstract + ( 1155 )   PDF ( 490777KB )   ( 634 )

  农艺科学

  Genetic analysis of cold tolerance trait in maize germplasm seedling stage 2009, 25 (6):  101-106.  Abstract + ( 1328 )   PDF ( 491448KB )   ( 722 ) Abstract: The low temperature in early spring maize area is one of important natural disaster of Heilongjiang province and has become the important factor that elevated the corn yield level in this district. 8 inbred lines that come from different cold tolerate and origins in this research and made by Griffing Ⅱ design, gain the genetic regularity in emergence period and seedling period with low temperature adverse circumstances. Correlation analysis indicates that correlations exist between relative germination index, relative seedling ratio, relative plant dry weight, relative root dry weight each other. Relative seedling ratio has correlation with relative root total length. These traits can be used as seedling indexes for cool-tolerance identification. There are significant differences in the traits among GCA variance in different parents, SCA variance in relative seedling rate, relative seedling index, relative height of seedling, relative dry weight of seedling, relative dry weight of root, relative number of side root and relative length of the entire root. Additive gene effect is important in relative emergence ratio ,relative germination index , relative plant dry weight, relative root dry weight, relative total root length ,and narrow-sense heritability are generally lower than 50% ,the sequence from high to low are relative germination index, relative seedling ratio , relative root dry weight ,relative plant dry weight , relative root total length. These traits should be selected in higher generations.

  The Relationships between Water Use Efficiency and Related Physiological Traits in Wheat leaves on dryland of Loess Plateau 2009, 25 (6):  107-112.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 807118KB )   ( 712 ) Influence of environmental factors on photosynthetic physiologic indexes and water use efficiency of winter wheat leaves was studied in semi-arid rain feed agriculture region in Loess Plateau. Diurnal fluctuation of physiological rate(Pn) of leaf was a not obvious two-hump curve and diurnal fluctuation of transpiration rate(Tr) was a typical resupinate “U” and the Pn and Tr in a.m. were distinctly higher than in p.m.,but the time at which the maxium appeared was different in different growth stage.The time of maxium appeared of Tr and Pn was same in elongation stage and the time of maxium appeared of Tr was later than that of Pn in grain filling stage.The infuence of environmental factors on physiologic indexes in elongation stage was more obvious than that in grain filling stage. The most important environmental influencing factors on Pn and Tr were photosynthetic active radiation(PAR) and CO2 concentration.the influence of Temperature (T) and relative humidity(RH) on stomatal conductance(Gs) was progressively increased and the influence on Intercellular CO2 concentration was obvious.The diurnal fluctuation of water use efficiency was a not obvious two-hump curve and the time of maxium appeared was earlier than those of Pn and Tr.The daily mean WUE in filling stage was lower than that in elongation stage to 30.5%.The correlations among Pn,Tr and Cond were very significant and there was a significant negative correlation between temperature of leaf and Gs.The correlation inconsistency between temperature of leaf and Pn, Tr revealed that the wheat had some adaptability to dry because of the deficiency of precipitation in loess plateau and this is a opportunity in cultivating wheat of high WUE.

  Advances in breeding of cold-tolerance rice 2009, 25 (6):  113-116.  Abstract + ( 1515 )   PDF ( 507944KB )   ( 1077 ) Abstract：This paper discusses mainly the research progress, the strategies and questions in cold-tolerance breeding in rice, and finally proposes the research trend in this region.

  Breeding Report on the New Wheat Variety of Yunong 035 Examined and Apporved by Chinese Variety Examination and Approval Committee 2009, 25 (6):  117-119.  Abstract + ( 1533 )   PDF ( 416851KB )   ( 847 ) The breeding work of Yunong 035 was finished by Henan Agricultural University. Its yield is 4.05% higher than that of contrast variety in two-year national regional tests.In production testa, its yield is 4.4% higher than that of contrast variety.It was examined and apporved by Chinese Variety Examination and Approval Committee in 2007,and its number was 2007006 .The variety is appropriate planted in Huang-huai region.

  植物生理科学

  Studies on the heat tolerance of 4 Wild grasses of Poa L. 2009, 25 (6):  120-125.  Abstract + ( 1381 )   PDF ( 701919KB )   ( 784 ) Taking the variety “mid-night” as the CK ,Variation of several physiological indices including the lethal temperature,membrane permeability,proline accumulation and malondia1dehyde of four grasses under h- igh temperature stress was measured. The result showed that the lethal temperature of P. pratensis L.、P. spho- ndy lodes Trin.、P.annua L.、P.angustifolia.L. and “midnight” was 56.56℃、55.95℃、52.88℃、53.78℃、和56.09℃respectively ; cell membrane permeability and the content of malondia1dehyde raised, proline accu- mulation were gradually increaset then decreased with the temperature grades going up. It was found that there existed some difference of heat resistance among the four grasses. The ranks of heat resistance of four grasses were P. pratensis L.、P. sphondy lodes Trin.、P.annua L.and P.angustifolia.L..

  Dynamic changes in endogenous polyphenol content during phase transition in apple(Malus domestica Borhk.) 2009, 25 (6):  126-130.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   PDF ( 499387KB )   ( 637 ) Endogenous polyphenol contents in leaves,buds and phloem of different nodes of 3-year-old open pollinated apple seedling trees Malus domestica Borhk. (Jonathan×Golden gelicious) were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Phloridzin was not detected in bud samples from the base to node no.80,However,it appeared abruptly in alarge amount in buds starting from node no.80, little caffeic acid was detectable above node no.80 in the barks and leaves. Myricitrin was not detected in the bark around node no.120, the contents of chlorogenic acid in buds changed significantly.Indicating that node no.80 and no.120 was the physiologically critical point of apple seedlings in phase change.

  Effects of Organic Fertilizers on Several Physiologic Indices of Flue-cured Tobacco 2009, 25 (6):  131-135.  Abstract + ( 1335 )   PDF ( 685120KB )   ( 739 ) The effect of different kinds of organic Fertilizers on several physiologic indexes of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that compared to the application of inorganic fertilizer, the application of organic manure can improve the content of chlorophyll, carotenoids and Pro in the leaves in the early time and lower PPO activity. But the effect on the content of MDA and POD activity is not obvious.

  The Effect of NaCl-stressed on Resistance Enzymes Activity in Sweet Sorghum Seedlings 2009, 25 (6):  136-139.  Abstract + ( 1659 )   PDF ( 643096KB )   ( 1191 ) 【OBJECTIVE】The resistance enzymes activity,MDA and dissoluvable protein contents effects of different degree salt-stressed on sweet sorghum seedlings was discussed in the paper. 【METHOD】Sweet sorghum seedlings were cultrued in the water, we seted up three salt degrees,and one CK.【RESULTS】Above 50 mmol•L-1 NaCl resulted in membrane lipid per-oxidation, and membrane system is destroys,the action of POD,SOD,CAT and APX declined.Enzyme action of 200 mmol•L-1 NaCl treatments has the largest descendence.100mmol•L-1NaCl treatments are less than 200 mmol•L-1 NaCl treatments. 【CONCLUSION】In the light salt-stressed(when NaCl concentration was 50 mmol•L-1 ),active oxygen did not destroy the membrane system,as a result of resistance enzymes.By the incressing of salt concentration, resistance enzymes activity declined, active oxygen content arised,and the destroy degree of membrane system incressed too.

  土壤肥料科学

  Effectiveness of combined application for potassium-magnesium fertilizer on crops 2009, 25 (6):  140-145.  Abstract + ( 1336 )   PDF ( 612331KB )   ( 642 ) Due to an intensive increase of crop yields, an application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer is gradually growing, resulting in imbalance of fertilizer application. It urgently needs to adjust the proportion of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application and call for the combined application of potassium-magnesium fertilizer. Magnesium ions are found in the center of chlorophyll molecules, and as chlorophyll is an essential component in the reaction of photosynthesis, which produces energy for growth, magnesium ions are therefore essential. Potassium is needed for chemical reactions of the plant cell and helping to transport other ions needed by the plant. It helps in the formation and movement of carbohydrates. Potassium and magnesium facilitate plant energy production by improving the production and regeneration of ATP, the biochemical battery molecule that stores and releases energy supply of plant. Focusing on the combined application of fertilizer in farmland for increase of crop yields and fertilizer use efficiency, we conducted a field experiment to study an effectiveness of combined application for potassium-magnesium fertilizer on different crops in Xi’an and analyzed an optimal application amount for different crops. The results showed that the combined application of potassium-magnesium fertilizer has significant effect on wheat, corn and cucumber. Crop yields of wheat increased by 13.54%, 22.56 % and 9.81% after application of 375kg ha-1, 750kg ha-1and 1125 kg ha-1 potassium-magnesium fertilizer, crop yields of corn increased by 5.9%, 11.56% and 16.09% after application of 750 kg ha-1 , 1125 kg ha-1and 1500 kg ha-1 potassium-magnesium fertilizer. Application of same quantity fertilizer from the different potassium-magnesium fertilizer varieties has significantly increased the yield of cucumber based on the same amount of N, P. Application of potassium-magnesium to cucumber has an significant increasing yield by 29.06 %. The yield of cucumber increased by 9.7％, 6.3％ and 18.85％ by application of only potassium sulfate of 437 kg ha-1, magnesium sulfate of 360 kg ha-1 and the combined application of potassium sulfate of 437 kg ha-1 with magnesium sulfate of 360 kg ha-1. The treatment with fertilizer of magnesium potassium sulfate provides higher yield and quality than that only with potassium sulfate. The yield of Kiwifruit increased by 13.81％ after application with potassium-magnesium of 2.0 kg per plant. The relative fruit quality an

  Effecet of Biological Manure Fertilizer on Yield and quality of Rice(1) 2009, 25 (6):  146-150.  Abstract + ( 1401 )   PDF ( 533821KB )   ( 873 ) Abstract: The growth, yield, quality and nutritive elements content of rice were coparatively studied by using biological manure fertilizer and chamical fertilizer in this article. The result showed that nitrogenous fertilizer redued 176.7kg/hm2(256.83%) when biological manure fertilizer was used, and it had also get the same increasing ratio of yield as using chamical fertilizer. When Biological manure fertilizer was used, the growth period of rice cut down 2~11 days, hight of plant reduced 6~8cm, the ablity of lodging resistance increased and maturity stage was been to shift to an earlier date. If biological manure fertilizer was used, the full and mix 1000-grain weight, rate of group maturity increased, and it could also increase the beown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, leugth/width of milled grain and percentage of ripened grains. And the percentage ofchalky grains, chalkiness decreased. Using biological manure fertilizer can raise content of Fe, Ca and Mg and reduce the Cu content in the grains. Using biological manure fertilizer can improve nutrient content of rice and increase vital minerals content of humanbeing.

  The Influence of Spring Wheat and Green Manure to the Soil Fertility of the Continous Cropping Cotton Fields 2009, 25 (6):  151-154.  Abstract + ( 1460 )   PDF ( 444585KB )   ( 654 ) Experiment about spring wheat and green manure(Melilotus suaveolens,Rape,Oil sun flowers,soybean)on the continous cropping cotton fields, study their biomass ,plant nutrient content and the effect of green manure application on soil nutrients in cotton fields.The results showed that: biomass in the Melilotus suaveolens is the highest in four green manure; after pressed four green manure in the Green the cotton fields, soil organic matter,nutrients are available certain influence; after Melilotus suaveolens and soybean pressed in the soil,organic matter increased by 8.58% and 1.01%;four green manure pressed in the soil available nitrogen increased by0.30%-5.96%,except soybean, the soil available potassium of the other three dealt is 1.08 times that of the control; the role of rich potassium in Rape and Oil sun flowers are even more significant .This experiment researched spring wheat mutiple Melilotus suaveolens is a relatively good crop rotation.

  Application and Effect Analysis of Soil-testing and Fertilizer-applying Prescription Technique in Paddy Rice 2009, 25 (6):  155-158.  Abstract + ( 1435 )   PDF ( 431832KB )   ( 873 ) The “3414” field experiment on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization were carried out in a rice field in Yubei of Chongqing. With the field test data, we established the fertilizer effect function of local paddy rice, analyzed and got this conclusion: to the rice with middle-level soil fertility, the best economic output is 642 kg/667m2; the best fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is: N 5 kg/667m2, P2O5 3 kg/667m2, K2O 4.5 kg/667m2; the appropriate ratio between the three fertilizers was: N: P2O5: K2O = 1.0: 1.0: 1.5. Meanwhile, the experiment also indicated that nitrogenous fertilizer was the most remarkable than the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the three factors of impacting the rice growth. The results were useful in choosing variety of fertilizer, the ratio and suitable quantity.

  Spatial Variability of Available Phosphor of Meadow Albic Bleached Soil 2009, 25 (6):  159-161.  Abstract + ( 1432 )   PDF ( 605112KB )   ( 704 ) Soil nutrients often appear great variability in spatial, and their variability characteristic change with the types of soil and nutrient. The variability characteristic of available phosphor of meadow albic bleached soil is analyzed by traditional statistics and geo-statistics technique. The soil samples were collected at two layers(0-20cm and 20-40cm) from a long-term test field in Mishan city Heilongjiang province long-term. The result from traditional statistics shows that the variability available phosphor of meadow albic bleached soil is between moderate and strong degree. The result from geo-statistics shows that the major range of available phosphor of meadow albic bleached soil is 85m around. the radios of nugget to still of to layers is 47.63% and 34.87% respectively, so the spatial correlation of them is between moderate and strong degree.

  The Effect of Soil Decontaminant Ronbao on the Yield and Economic Returns of Sweet Corn, Tomato and Green Pepper 2009, 25 (6):  162-164.  Abstract + ( 1693 )   PDF ( 439515KB )   ( 750 ) The comparative experiment on the application of soil decontaminant Ronbao was performed to determine its effect on the yield and economic returns of the sweet corn, tomato and green pepper. The results showed that under the application of soil decontaminant Ronbao, the yields of the sweet corn, tomato and green pepper increased respectively by 19.9%，20.1% and 15.5%, and the economic returns of the three crops respectively raised 10.9%, 17.5% and 13.8% than their controls. In addition, soil decontaminant Ronbao, when applied in the greenhouse, will have a better yield-increase effect due to its control effect on soil-borne diseases and soil obstacle factors.

  园艺园林科学

  Research Progress of Association Analysis in Plants and the Application Prospects in Breeding of Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) 2009, 25 (6):  165-170.  Abstract + ( 1545 )   PDF ( 589101KB )   ( 764 ) Tea is an important economic and beverage crop in China. The tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) is self-incompatible, long-term allogamy contributes to high heterogeneity. It takes a long time for the successful breeding of a new tea cultivar. It is very important to improve the efficiency of early appraisal of individual selection and the evaluation accuracy of target traits in the breeding procedure. Association analysis was a new approach of studying the relationship of molecular markers and/or candidate genes with target phenotypic traits. It was widely used to in allelic gene mining, functional gene appraisal, generation and application of functional markers in plant breeding, which also might be a new promising approach for the breeding of tea plant. In this paper, the basic statistic principles, strategies, characteristics and current successful applications of association analysis in plants were reviewed. Finally, we also discussed the potential application of association analysis in the marker assisted selection of tea breeding.

  Analysis about the Effects of Gibberellins Promoting Flowering of Chinese Cabbage 2009, 25 (6):  171-174.  Abstract + ( 1810 )   PDF ( 589105KB )   ( 1223 ) The paper studied the effects of gibberellin acid treatment on flowering of chinese cabbage. The results showed that GA treatment promoted flowering of chinese cabbage. Mensurating the content of materials related to flowering, the content of soluble sugar and protein all increased after GA treating, the total C/N ratio increased. In addition, not noly the content of GA but also IAA increased after GA treatment, while the content of ABA was reduced, then rising. GA/ABA, GA/IAA and IAA/ABA were increased by GA treatment.

  Study on Pollen Morphology of Nelumbo nucifera 2009, 25 (6):  175-178.  Abstract + ( 1764 )   PDF ( 2235826KB )   ( 780 ) Abstract: The pollen grains of 10 cultivars in Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn were observed under SEM(Scan Electronic Microscope) and had the principal component analysis with the data.The results showed that they were subglobose.The length between poles varied from 37.5～50.9μm and diamerter of the equator ranged 41.6～51.3μm.They all had three germinal furrows.The cover was embellished with cerebroid or rugulate.With the principal component analysis result, the accumulative contribution rate of the former five principal components reach to 96.3789%. So we choose the former five principal compoents as the new principal components.The characters in importance one by one are the length between poles(P),volume index,diamerter of the equator(E),the length of germinal furrow(L),P/E, distance of lirae, style of exine ornamentation, fossa width and shapes in polar view in the analysis of palynology.

  Cluster anysis of variety resources in bitter gourd 2009, 25 (6):  179-182.  Abstract + ( 1539 )   PDF ( 459506KB )   ( 858 ) Abstract：Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE) of seed water-soluble protein, seed salt-soluble protein, seed alcohol-soluble protein and alkali-solube protein were carried out by using 14 green, white and Guangxi wild cultivars in this experiment. At the same time, quantitative genetic distances were calculated by using 8 quantitative characters. Cluster anysis were conducted for the experiment data. The results showed that Guangxi wild bitter gourd was significantly different from other 13 cultivated cultivars in the protein fingerprints and quantitative genetic distances. However, The protein fingerprints showed a little differences among other 13 cultivars.Guangxi wild bitter gourd was regarded as a different subspecies from other 13 cultivars because of a larger genetic distance.All cultivars could not be clearly classified for the little difference.

  Resources of Wild Flowers in Mt. Lao and Its Exploitation and Utilization 2009, 25 (6):  183-185.  Abstract + ( 1289 )   PDF ( 440145KB )   ( 909 ) By investigating the main resources of wild flowers in Mt.Lao, this article mainly reveals the characters of 10 wild flowers morphologically and ornamentally that can be introduced and utilized. Their landscape application and prospect are discussed. Some suggestions are made on the introduction, cultivation and rational exploitation and utilization of the wild flowers.

  植物保护科学

  Analysis of Isozymes and Proteins Related to Physiological Differentiation of Curvularia lunata in Maize 2009, 25 (6):  186-189.  Abstract + ( 1205 )   PDF ( 1023247KB )   ( 553 ) Utilizing the technology of electrophoresis on isozyme, the soluble protein 、SOD、 ETS、PPO、MDH、PO and so on which are obtained from 23 Curvularia lunatas in maize are analyzed. The results show that there is much difference among different strain.The finding obtained by cluster analysis on these stains shows that the stains may be generally divided into 7 series when they get together on the interconnection distance of 0.36.This finding is similar to the grouping by pathogeniciy, but there is also some difference or less close relationship.

  Fungicides Controlling Diplocarpon mali on Apple Tree and Their Suitable Applying Time 2009, 25 (6):  190-194.  Abstract + ( 1795 )   PDF ( 469504KB )   ( 1115 ) The control effect of 11 fungicides against Diplocarpon mali were tested on Malus robusta Rehd seedlings and Fuji apple trees by applying the fungicides after inoculating the pathogen to the hosts. Four fungicides, the mixture of tebuconazole and SYP-1620, flusilazole, propiconazole and prochloraz showed significant control effect against Diplocarpon mali. Other 4, difenoconazole, polyoxin, thiophanatemethyl and SYP-1620 also showed control effect, but the efficiency was not effectively. Whereas, the other 3, pyraclostrobin, the mixture of pyraclostrobin and metiram and carbendazim did not show any control effect. The effective applying time of the 4 fungicides, the mixture of tebuconazole and SYP-1620, flusilazole, propiconazole and prochloraz, to control the disease were also examined. Results indicated that the 4 fungicides would inhibit the appearance of lesions when applied before the disease show symptoms. The more effective the control efficiency of the 4 fungicides, the earlier when they were applied. The mean control effect of 4 fungicides was 96% when applied at the third day after inoculation. However, the control effect dropped to 77% when applied at the fifth day after inoculation. When applied on the early stage of the disease show symptom, the 4 fungicides could inhibit expansion and sporulation of the lesions. Whiles, when applied before sporulation, they could inhibit the sporulation of the lesions. The results indicate that the effective applying time for the system fungicides to control Diplocarpon mali is within 1 week after infection of the pathogen on apple orchards.

  The interaction effect of Yingxian small black soybean and Heterodera glycines race 3 2009, 25 (6):  195-199.  Abstract + ( 1365 )   PDF ( 1205491KB )   ( 817 ) Abstract: The reaction and population dynamics were studied between the resistant cultivar Yingxian small black soybean and Heterodera glycines race3(SCN3). The results showed that Yingxian small black soybean was against the development of SCN3, especially J2 to J3 and J3 to J4; and the ratio of female-male was affected. Most of J4 found in resistant cultivar was male, the female was extremely little, but SCN3 was developed normally in the susceptible cultivar Liaodou15 and most of the J4 was female. Cryo-sectioning technique was used to observe the resistant cultivar and susceptible cultivar. The different soybean cultivars existed different resistant mechanisms to the SCN3. The histopathological responses to the SCN3 showed that the adjacent necrosis and the lignifications to the bodies of juveniles was occurred in the roots of resistant cultivar Yingxian small black soybean ,whereas the necrosis was not found in the susceptible cultivar Liaodou15. The syncytia was founded in the root of the resistant cultivar.

  Control effects of urinary wash mixture on mustard aphid MIAOLiang 2009, 25 (6):  200-202.  Abstract + ( 1328 )   PDF ( 439289KB )   ( 832 ) The antifeed activify ,toxicity and control effects of urinary wash mixture with different proportion of urea and washing powder on mustard aphid were studied in this paper.The results showed that the urinary wash mixture with the proportion of urea(4):washing powder(1):water(100)had the best effecys on mastard aphid.The antifeed rate in 24h,rectified mortality in 96h and population dropping rate in 7d of mrtand aphid were 75.08%,86.7% and 55% respectively.

  Study of Relevant Factors of Pathogenic on Phaseouus Vulgaris L. Resistance to Anthracnose 2009, 25 (6):  203-205.  Abstract + ( 1288 )   PDF ( 438956KB )   ( 723 ) It is the most important work of screening the parent on breeding of Phaseouus Vulgaris L. resistance to Anthracnose. There have been many reported about the identification of resistance to the use of appraisal seedling inoculation at home and abroad. In order to more accurately identify the resistant, easy to operate, based on the relevant research, the author researches the relevant the Pathogenicity to other factors, such as the anthrax bacteria were inoculated in different temperatures, in different culture, in different vaccination, and etc. The results show that it is early for spot to appear, and at the same time the pathogenic is the strongest, when the anthrax bacteria were cultured in 21~23 ℃ of the MA medium about 15~20 days, the concentration of vaccination is about 2.56 × 106 spores / ml.

  生态农业科学

  Increasing yield and population dynamics of azolla in rice-duck-azolla integrated farming 2009, 25 (6):  206-209.  Abstract + ( 1450 )   PDF ( 532566KB )   ( 689 ) The article studied increasing yield and population dynamics of azolla in rice-duck-azolla integrated farming. The results showed that it improves rice yield and rice quality, because of food chain complexity and system stability in rice-duck-azolla integrated farming. Ducks’ activity make for azolla growth, and decreasing speed of azolla is lower than rice-azolla treatment. The amount of ducks eating azolla is 40.8kg in total integrated period. In a word, rice-duck-azolla integrated farming is a safe and high efficiently ecological approach.

  Study on Plant Diversity at an Early Ecological RestorationStage on an Abandoned Quarry 2009, 25 (6):  210-214.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 573402KB )   ( 795 ) In order to understand and master the principles of natural vegetation restoration on abandoned quarry,the plant community structures at an early natural recovery stage of vegetation were investigated on an abandoned quarry in Xiaojia Mount in April and August,2007. The results show that:(1)The main types of vegetaon in the area are shrub and herbage.The shrub species are rather simple,with only 4 families,5 genera and 5 species,but the herbage communities are much more abundant with 26 families,49 genera and 67 species in total.The dominant herbages species on each site type are similar to each other,with no distinct difference; (2)The species diversity is quite low in the area.As to the richness and diversity index,the results are:LH＞NS＞PT＞SL＞LS＞DL＞CS,but the evenness is contrary;(3)The same species in the plant communities show similar trend with the thickness of the soil in the site types.Soil is the main limiting factor to natural vegetation recovery.

  Tourist effect on species composition and diversity of plant community in the middle way of Mountain Taishan 2009, 25 (6):  215-219.  Abstract + ( 1396 )   PDF ( 784099KB )   ( 684 ) Taishan is the first of China’s World Natural and Cultural bouble inheritance units have been approved for the 2007 World Geopark.By using richness indexes,eveness indexes and diversity indexes, the change tency and regularity of the plant diversity of four communities in the middle way of Taishan influenced by tourism interference were studied,along with ANOVA.The results were as follows (1) Tourism interference caused by the species richness of the community to reduce (2) In spite of the variation of the relative coverage and the relative dendity of main dominants were not significant, the regularity of variation showed that the different Grades correspondes to higher relative coverade and density of the dominant species,individual species even disappear, For example, the Polygonum aviculare (3) The difference of tourism effect on tree layer and shrub layer was not significant (p>0.05) by using ANOVA,.With the decrease of the different grades, the richness indexes and the diversity indices raised, Maximizing during the period of 2 grades (4) Tourism reduce the degree of tree and shrub plant’s renewa species、quantities and frequency. Based on the disturbance degree of tourism on plant diversity in the middle of Mount Tai, some management strategies are proposed for the development of tourism and for plant resource conservation and its utilization.

  A Summary of the Studies on Chinese Forest Carbon Storage 2009, 25 (6):  220-224.  Abstract + ( 1330 )   PDF ( 485785KB )   ( 1678 ) This paper deals with the time and space variation rate of Chinese forest carbon storage. The main influence factors such as temperature and precipitation, concentration of CO2, land use change are analyzed in this paper. The development direction for the future are also considered.

  农业资源与环境科学

  Preliminary Appraise on Different Materials of Ramie Wild Germplasm Resources 2009, 25 (6):  225-230.  Abstract + ( 1207 )   PDF ( 523430KB )   ( 488 ) The different ramie wild species germplasm resources were appraised Preliminarily.The result shows that：①The yield，fiber cell diameter and cell wall thickness of materials are lower which indicated they are not too worthiness on increasing yield，but the ratio wall and cavity of them are higher than the CK except B.densiglomerataand which indicated they have certain using worthiness in improving fiber quality，and it can offered excellent gene especially in fiber denaturalization.②The diversity of cellulose content is no markedness between them and the CK，but the tall guley factor lead the difficulty in peeling original hemp，so they are not compatible in direct useability.③The variation coefficient of fiber fineness，breaking strength（tenacity）and breaking work are higher in fiber physical properties which indicated they have a big potential in improving agronomic characters.④In cluster analysis，the materials are divided into three groups which the groupⅠare used compatibly as high quality resources in breeding，the groupⅡare used compatibly as over fiber fineness resources in breeding，the group Ⅲ are used compatibly as low textile resources in breeding.

  Research on land use and cover change in Wangdonggou watershed on Regional Gully Watershed on Loess Plateau 2009, 25 (6):  231-235.  Abstract + ( 1226 )   PDF ( 540650KB )   ( 575 ) The status of land use and cover in Wangdonggou watershed on regional gully watershed on loss plateau has a big change in the past 20 years. Those are the dynamic index of land use in the area: cultivated land: 3.21%, orchard and perennial plantation: -36.11%, forest land: -4.05%, pasture and grazing land: 4.24%, rural settlement area and mining area and isolated industrial area: -0.62%, land for transportation: -12.27%, unused land: 1.85%. This is the tendency of those changes: cultivated land has been transferred to orchard and perennial plantation, the change of orchard and perennial plantation is obvious, the changes of the other land are inconspicuous. The reasons of those changes are Natural causes, society causes, economy causes, technology causes and policy causes. Because of this change and the real situation of regional gully watershed on loss plateau, for the part of land management and land administration we should attach importance to the relationship between the benefit of land production and the safety of foodstuff. First, we should ensure the safety of foodstuff in this area, and then we can realize the biggest benefit of land production.

  GC—ECD detection of Chlorothalonil、Tradimefon、Beta-cyfluthrin、Deltamethrin in straw manure shen zhefeng 2009, 25 (6):  236-240.  Abstract + ( 1274 )   PDF ( 1306250KB )   ( 720 ) GC-ECD detection of Chlorothalonil、Tradimefon、Beta-cyfluthrin、Deltamethrin in banana straw manure, analyse and determine are based on choice of chromatogram、eluent-collocated、Leaching column packing。The method is very cxactitude，the recycle rate is between 80.96% to 113.55%, the mininum detectable is between 0.0003ug/ml to 0.004ug/ml.

  Forecasting Models of City Dustfall Environmental Pollution Based on Grey Theory Zhang Yong-shuai Yong-Shuai, , , 2009, 25 (6):  241-243.  Abstract + ( 1416 )   PDF ( 606365KB )   ( 632 ) Forecasting model of Kuitun city dustfall was designed in this paper. It showed high precision and C＝0.029＜0.35 after variance examines.

  热带农业科学

  Karyotype Analysis on Hevea Clone PR107 and Haiken 1 2009, 25 (6):  244-248.  Abstract + ( 1744 )   PDF ( 1237054KB )   ( 739 ) Hevea brasiliensis is an important tropical cash crops.PR107 and Haiken 1 are two important species of Chineses rubber tree planting and breeding.The chromosome number and karyotype of PR107 and Haiken 1 were studied by applying fingertip pressing method. The results indicated that the number of the somatic chromosome of PR107 was 64，and its karyotype formula was 2n=36=30m(2sat)＋6sm. As to Haiken 1，the karyotype type formula was 2n=36=22m(2sat)＋14sm(2sat)， the　karyotype of PR107 and Haiken 1 were 2B.

  The Medical and Health Values of Vanilla 2009, 25 (6):  249-251.  Abstract + ( 1670 )   PDF ( 487452KB )   ( 1441 ) Vanilla, a kind of spice plants with a variety of chemical components, is widely used in food, medicine, cosmetics and other industries. This article introduced the main chemical constituents of vanilla and the research progress in clinical, medical, health and other fields.

  农业信息科学

  Design and Implementation of Perennial and Asexual Crops Germplasm Resources Database Management System Based on Internet 2009, 25 (6):  252-256.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   PDF ( 532885KB )   ( 675 ) Fruit Trees，Tea，Mulberry , Potato，Vegetable，Ramie，Sugar Cane，Rubber and other perennial and asexual crops are play important roles in agricultural production of China. In order to accelerate collection, collation, evaluation and innovative of perennial and asexual crops germplasm in China, Strengthen the standardization of the Germplasm Resources management, Promote the exchange of information resources, Improve the management of Crop Germplasm Resources database, The author used the strategy of dynamic Web-database and performed the architecture of Browser rver(B/S) to develop Cloning and Perennial Crop Germplasm Resources Database Management System Based on internet technologies. The system could be used by Multi-unit, multi-crop data unified, standardized management and shared easily in the community.

  Discussion on the methods of the county level land-use database counsruction efficiency and accuracy based on ArcGIS 2009, 25 (6):  257-260.  Abstract + ( 1516 )   PDF ( 490776KB )   ( 1106 ) The construction of land-use database is very important and helpful for advancing the level of scientific programming and reasonable exploitation and utilization of land resources as well as for making the information of state-land resources standardization and scientificalness. However , the problemes of the construction efficiency and accuracy cann’t be neglected. The paper tries its best to discuss the key technique in the process of the database construction such as the key technique to establish mathematical foundation, selection of vectorization method, disposal of topology-fragment polygon , the method of quality control and so on, which provide the realistic significance for the Land-use database construction in future.

  Application Study on the Secondary Development in Farm Management System based on Google Earth 2009, 25 (6):  261-264.  Abstract + ( 2129 )   PDF ( 812407KB )   ( 2869 ) Google Earth is a satellite image browsing software, it provides a wide range of global image data by using “virtual earth” manner. Since its inception in 2005, its using group has been expaned, it can be used as a tool and software development platform in many applications.This paper explored the concrete steps and methods of secondary development by using the object-oriented programming language based on Google Earth, it provides a new way of thingking and methods to build a farm GIS system by using Google Earth.

  Study and Development on Management Information System of Rice Standardization Production Based on VB in Shanghai Farm 2009, 25 (6):  265-268.  Abstract + ( 1390 )   PDF ( 918899KB )   ( 684 ) Abstract: The Management Information System V1.0 of rice standardization production based on VB in Shanghai Farm were developed by using the principle and methods of agricultural information technology. The system has such functions as standard query, decision-making support and study tutorship and so on. By practice, the system has usability, dependability, availability and practicability, the users approve of it.

  水产渔业科学

  Application of Multiplex Molecular Markers of RAPD and SCAR in Germplasm Identification of Fishes 2009, 25 (6):  269-273.  Abstract + ( 1081 )   PDF ( 477085KB )   ( 931 )

  RAPD analysis on genetic diversity of Coreius heterodon in the lower reach of the Yangtze River 2009, 25 (6):  274-277.  Abstract + ( 1398 )   PDF ( 799299KB )   ( 698 ) Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)technique was employed to detect the DNA polymorphism in 20 individuals of Coreius heterodon in the lower reach of the Yangtze River． 19 arbitrary primers were used and 90 repeatable RAPD bands were generated．The length of the fragments varied from 100bp to 1500 bp．The percentage of polymorphic fragments was 31.58% ，while the index of Shannon diversity was 0.1940．The genetic distance between individuals was from 0.0003 to 0.0976．Comparing the genetic diversity of Coreius heterodon with that of other fishes，the experiment revealed that the genetic diversity of Coreius heterodon in the lower reach of the Yangtze River was a little lower． Owing to lack of historic data，we could not judge the effect on its genetic diversity caused by excessive fishing and environment destruction according to the results of this research．

  三农问题研究

  The Practise and Adjustment of China’s Agricultural Subsidies Since Entered WTO 2009, 25 (6):  278-284.  Abstract + ( 1122 )   PDF ( 532744KB )   ( 755 ) Since China had entry into WTO, the government has had series of agricultural subsidies, and then enlarged the capital scale, enhance the subsidy standard year by year. It costs 633 billion just within two direct subsidies, this paper mainly work on the subsidies those China had since entered WTO, research on the change of the policies in goal, criterion, strength and range. Through the analysis, we find from the criterion, though every provinces had increased, the main output province increased most, the criterion of Jilin and Hei Longjiang increased most, the main distribution city like Beijing and Tianjing change little, the ways on how to distribute to the farmers, many provinces change to according to checked acreage.

  Research and Analysis of the Capacity of Grain Production in Anhui 2009, 25 (6):  285-289.  Abstract + ( 1453 )   PDF ( 441301KB )   ( 647 ) The yield of Anhui Science and technology project for food production is a reachable yield under the current natural and technical condition. Based on this yield of the Science and technology project for food production, it is much precise to calculate the total capacity of grain potential productivity of arable land in Anhui. In the study 13 agro-ecological regions was selected as study area and the potential productivity of grain was analyzed; and cropping system in every agro-ecological region was determined under the principle that the water and thermal potential could be sufficiently developed; based on the yield of the Science and technology project for food production, the potential unit yield of crop for every agro-ecological region and the total grain production capacity was calculated. The results showed that: the average grain potential productivity of the whole province was 8029.47 kg•hm-2, be approximately 1.37 times of the past three years of Anhui Province grain actual per unit area yield, total grain potential production of the province to 48.362 billion kilogram, it can increase nearly 15.893 billion kilogram per year for Anhui province.

  Practice and Experience in Livestock Production caused by Consumption Structure Changes——Taking U.S. and Japan as Examples 2009, 25 (6):  290-294.  Abstract + ( 1178 )   PDF ( 528154KB )   ( 606 ) This paper discussed the features of animal production and consumption structure changes in the United States and Japan in the last 50 years. By analyzing the practice and experience in developed countries, this paper put forward the development direction of animal husbandry in China.

  Study On The Effective Models Of Circulation Agricultural Land Based On Cultivated Land Protection 2009, 25 (6):  295-298.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   PDF ( 534640KB )   ( 867 ) The cultivated land Protection has important significance in the process of circulation agricultural land. At first in this paper,Careful analysis of the circulation between the circulation agricultural land and the cultivated land Protection. Then on this basis, Construction the models of circulation agricultural land based on cultivated land protection,Trying to release contradiction between the circulation agricultural land and the cultivated land Protection, So as to better promote the circulation agricultural land.

  Social justice and the urban-rural income gap 2009, 25 (6):  299-302.  Abstract + ( 1193 )   PDF ( 439340KB )   ( 751 ) With the economical sustained growth of China, the income differential between city and countryside also was unceasing expansion. Income differential enlarging is the market economy common phenomenon. Because the national institutional arrangements create the opportunity is not equal, will then enlarge the city and countryside income disassimilation. This will cause the social distribution condition not to conform to the socialism fair principle. Embarks from the construction harmonious society goal, solves a city and countryside income differential oversized starting point is also the farmer by the national treatment, forms integrated the labor market, enables the farmer to have many enters a city the opportunity, enjoys the equal employment and the fair income treatment.

  Analyzing on Application and Requirements of the Fujian Rural Sci-Tech 2009, 25 (6):  303-306.  Abstract + ( 1131 )   PDF ( 497381KB )   ( 664 ) Based on application and Requirements of the Fujian Rural Sci-Tech, the present situation of the Fujian Rural Sci-Tech service is described..In order to Promoting the lever of the Fujian Rural Sci-Tech Application and the Modernization of the Socialism new Countryside, the mechanism of gricultural technology extension must be attempted in diversified forms.