Abstract: The study was carried out by using the principle of agricultural ecology and the qualified design of three square saturated D，in which the factors of density(X1), application quantity of nitrogen(X2) and phosphorus(X3) were taken as the adjusting factors，and the yield (Y) of each hm2 as target function，Through the study we got a mathematic model for cultivation of peppermint. The result indicated that, under the condition of this experiment design，factors affecting yield of the essential oil of peppermint in experiment region were in order as application quantity of nitrogen(X2)> density(X1)> application quantity of phosphorus(X3) when the target yield was greater than 100.5 kg•hm-2，the optimum formula of peppermint this region was as follows: density X1 was 175500～220500 plant﹒hm-2, application amount of N fertilizerX2 was 172.5～217.5 kg﹒hm-2, application amount of P2O5 fertilizer X3 was 118.5～150kg﹒hm-2；Quality analyses show: quality of the essential oil were influenced significantly by density, while the effect of nitrogen application quantity on the essential oil quality had close related to density, quality of the essential oil was not influenced obviously when density was lower, but quality of the essential oil was influenced obviously when density was higher, quality of the essential oil was improved by controlled nitrogen application quantity, quality of the essential oil was turned bad by nitrogen over-quantity application, quality of the essential oil was not influenced obviously by phosphorus application quantity.