Abstract: Drought stress is the first constraint affecting wheat production remarkably in the world.In the past decades, with the development of molecular marker technology and quantitative statistical methods, a large number of papers had reported much about mapping and location of complex quantitative traits, such as water use efficiency(WUE).The evaluation standards for high WUE and QTL(Quantitative trait loci) mapping on wheat chromosomes were summarized. Furthermore, problems and prospects of QTL mapping were discussed in this review.It would benefit researches involving in QTL mapping and breeding for drought tolerance in wheat.