Abstract: By the optimum of quadratic regression for 4 factors,the regression model between fertilization,the living bamboo density and the bamboo timber output of Phyllostachys pubescens was established in the paper,meanwhile ,the economic benefit equations of the fertilization and the standing culm based on the prices of in input and output,which were tested by F-value in goodness of fit;By bi-frequency analysis of yield and the economic benefit,the optimal fertilization and culms density scheme were obtained within the confidence interval of 95% as follows:urea490～609.8kg.hm-2 (average549.9kg.hm-2),superphosphate250.8～262.4kg.hm-2 (average256.6kg.hm-2),potassium chloride43.2～123.6kg.hm-2 (average83.4kg.hm-2),and culms density2364～