Current issue

• 2009 Vol.25 No.18 Published:20 September 2009

  Optimization of PCR system for pig component detection 2009, 25 (18):  1-6.  Abstract + ( 1256 )   PDF ( 10218015KB )   ( 624 ) The purpose of this study was to optimize the PCR reaction system of molecular technique for detecting the pig component in the food and feed. The PCR reaction system of 20μL was used by this test . The PCR reaction system was optimized when the Taq DNA polymerase are 0U、1U、2U、3U, and the MgCl2 are 0μL、2μL、4μL、6μL, and the dNTP are 0μL、0.1μL、0.2μL、0.4μL and the other reaction factors of PCR reaction system are the maximum. The result is that :1、the fitting concentrations for the Taq DNA polymerase, 25mMol?L-1 MgCl2 and dNTP in the PCR reaction system are 2U, 2μL and 0.4μL respectively; 2、the minimum concentration of DNA of pig components in this optimizational PCR reaction system can be detected is 0.04 ng?μL-1. The conclusion: The optimal PCR reaction system for the pig component which has been validated by the Duplex PCR technique showes that it can work accurately and efficiently.

  Genetic relationships of goat breeds using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers 2009, 25 (18):  7-12.  Abstract + ( 1696 )   PDF ( 1656517KB )   ( 925 ) Here, we examined the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of domestic goats by determining mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA）and microsatellite DNA. The genetic diversity of five goat breeds including Angora goat, Shandonglaiwu black goat, Hanshan white goat, Taihang goat and Wuzhumuqin goat was surveyed using twenty-five microsatellite loci，The UPGMA phylogenetic trees constructed with the Dcoa genetic distances between the five goat breeds supported a closer relationship between Hanshan White goat and Wuzhumuqin goat. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that there were two mtDNA lineages （A,C） identified in five goat breeds including Angora goat, Shandonglaiwu black goat, Lubei white goat, Taihang goat and Wuzhumuqin goat. Population genetic structure and population expansion were carried out. Comparison with mtDNA and microsatellite DNA revealed that microsatellite DNA is good marker for analyzing genetic diversity and genetic structure at the breed level , while mtDNA variation seems to be a poor assay in this aspect,but Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has represented the most informative genomic element for untangling the origins of domestic animals

  Serological investigation of antibody against hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus infection in swine of Liaoning regions 2009, 25 (18):  13-17.  Abstract + ( 1271 )   PDF ( 544455KB )   ( 662 ) Abstract: The swine serum samples were collected from various regions of Liaoning Province, and the investigation was carried out by the application of hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition test for detection of hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus, HEV) antibody. As a result, there were 451 samples with HEV positive antibodies in the total 910 samples detected, of which the positive rate reached 49.6%. Among a total of 280 samples selected from 10 large-scale swine farms, the HEV antibodies’ positive rate was as high as 70.0%, and in a sample of different age stages of pig serum samples, the highest HEV antibodies’ positive rate of sows took up 73.8%, 67.5% went to the piglets and the lowest 37.0% finishing swine. Investigating results proved that there existed the prevalence of HEV infection at the regions of Liaoning Province. In addition, adult swine, from which serum was collected, showed no clinical symptoms, which might indicate that the disease mainly expressed in implicit infections, and a small number of piglets showed clinical symptoms. Taken together, the diagnosis result was HEV mixed infection with SFV and /or such as PRRSV. Keywords: HEV; serological investigation ; swine

  Cloning, Sequence and Express Patterns Analysis of Porcine LXRα Gene 2009, 25 (18):  18-21.  Abstract + ( 1377 )   PDF ( 1300705KB )   ( 639 ) Cloning and sequencing the Liver X Receptors α cDNA from porcine liver tissues by RT-PCR, the coding region length was 1344bp, coding 447 Amino Acids, Zinc finger and ligand-binding domain of nuclear hormone receptor are found based on the Pfam database, phylogenetic result showed that the LXRα genes in Mammalia clade were very conserved, the genetic distance between the Mammalia clade and non-Mammalia clade including chicken and zebrafish, LXRα mRNA level were detected in the adipose tissues showed that LXRα mRNA expression increased from 3-month to 12-month, the mRNA level was the most high in 9-month in large white pig, but the LXRα mRNA expression were detected in 9 month, and the expression in 12-month was high in crossed-bred wild pig.

  Isolation and Identification of Keratin-Degrading Bacillus Thuringiensis NJY1 2009, 25 (18):  22-24.  Abstract + ( 1893 )   PDF ( 2584405KB )   ( 979 ) To obtain high efficient keratin-degraded bacteria, strain NJY1 from environment soil was isolated by feather meal as its sole source of carbon, nitrogen. Strain NJY1 was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis based on morphology observation, physicochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA sequence analysis (GenBank ID: EU624205) due to100% homology with it. The degradation rate of feather was up to 72.5% after 72 h of fermentation at 37 °C, and soluble protein concentration in fermented liquid was 25.2mg/mL. We provided a high efficient keratin-degraded bacterium to product high quality protein feed.

  Study on immune effect of Newcastle disease used immunization program for Chicken eggs under the high maternal antibody 2009, 25 (18):  25-27.  Abstract + ( 1398 )   PDF ( 474562KB )   ( 571 ) This experiment' s aim is to evaluate the relationship between the immune procedure and the immune effect under the high ND maternal antibody through immuning chicken eggs with high ND maternal antibody at different ages and different levels.The results show that the maternal antibody has much more influence on chicken' s immune effect after using the live vaccine and oil-emulsion vaccine at the same time and the influence is much obvious to the younger chicken eggs. When the first immunation is got to 6log2 (11 ~ 13 days) and the second 14 days later,the level of protection (6log2) antibody ND can be the fastest, the highest and maintain the longest.So the best immunization procedure is the first when the chicken maternal antibody reducing to 6 log2 and the second 14 days later.

  Correlation and cluster analysis of weight and size of Dehua Black Chicken in Fujian Zhang li 2009, 25 (18):  28-31.  Abstract + ( 1149 )   PDF ( 584752KB )   ( 591 ) Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the body type traits, including body weight and body size of Dehua Black Chicken ,a native breed of Fujian, by correlation and cluster analysis. The results indicated that the correlations between body weight and body length, chest depth, chest width, chest angle ,sternum length，shank length ,shank girth ,were significantly positive for the male, and the largest correlation coefficient is body length ( r =0.796). The correlations were also positive significantly between body weight and chest width, chest angle , shank girth for the female. But the largest correlation coefficient is chest width ( r =0.454). With cluster analysis ,body type traits of those chickens were divided into four types in male and three types in female. The results of this study will provide the scientific basis for breeding and improving of the native breed.

  Study on the Anaesthetic Effects of Compound Xylazole in Goats liu huanqi 2009, 25 (18):  32-35.  Abstract + ( 1184 )   PDF ( 1218315KB )   ( 578 ) This study was aimed to evaluate the anaesthetic effect of Compound Xylazole in goats. Six goats were anaesthetized intramuscularly with Compound Xylazole at a dose of 0.11ml/kg body weight. Respiratory, cardiac function were monitored by multifunctional physiologic recorder. Clinical anaesthetic effects were also observed. The results showed that sedative, analgesic and muscular relaxing effects were in a complete and well-balanced way. Respiration rate, heart rate, and temperature were all in normal physiological ranges．The test indicated that Compound Xylazole had good anaesthetic effects in goats. Keyword：Compound Xylazole；Goat；Anesthesia；Monitoring

  Construction of Plant Expression Vector on accD Gene From Gossypuum hirsutum and Its Genetic Transformation 2009, 25 (18):  36-40.  Abstract + ( 1232 )   PDF ( 2221132KB )   ( 745 ) Abstract: The acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) is the rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acids synthesis.The accD Gene and transit peptide of CAC3 Gene was amplified from Gossypuum hirsutum Genome and Arabidopsis thaliana Geneome. Plant Expression Vector of Fusion Transit Peptide of CAC3 Gene and accD Gene was constructed.The Vector of pBI-CAC3tp-accD were transferred into Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101. Using infiltration and leaf discs method, the gene were transferred into Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco cell. The seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana were selected on solid medium containing Kanamycin. Transferred leafs of tobacco were selected on solid medium containing Kanamycin. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (T1) and tobacco plants were found containing purpose gene by PCR. After RT-PCR, it shows that the CAC3tp-accD gene could transcript normally.

  Optimization of SRAP-PCR amplification system for wild cynodon dactylon by uniform design 2009, 25 (18):  41-46.  Abstract + ( 1443 )   PDF ( 2481619KB )   ( 675 ) Uniform design was applied to optimize SRAP(Sequence-related amplified polymorphism)-PCR(polymerase chain reaction) system of cynodon dactylon. Five main factors influenced on SRAP-PCR, including MgCl2, primer, dNTP, TaqDNA polymerase and DNA template were tested using uniform design U16(45 ) and U12(35 ). A 25 ul suitable SRAP-PCR system for cynodon dactylon was established. The SRAP-PCR amplification reaction system was consisted of 3.5 mmol/L MgCl2，0.20mmol/L dNTPs, 0.44umol/L primer,1.50U TaqDNA polymerase and 28g/L template. Annealing temperature was further researched and found that it has no significant influence on amplification results. By using this optimal system，the genomic DNA of other 10 samples of cynodon dactylon was amplified，and DNA bands with high polymorphism were clear. In conclusion, the optimization of SRAP-PCR amplification system can be used to study genetic relationship，systematic evolution and genetic diversity of cynodon dactylon.

  Development of SRAP Fingerprinting in 19 Maize Hybrids 黄进勇，盖树鹏，张恩盈，夏连胜 2009, 25 (18):  47-51.  Abstract + ( 1453 )   PDF ( 2062662KB )   ( 630 ) Abstract：【OBJECTIVE】Sequence-related amplified Polymorphism(SRAP) is a fairly new PCR-based molecular marker technique developed recent years. The objective of this study was to discuss the possibility of applying SRAP in maize hybrid identification, and to develop identification system. 【METHOD】Nineteen maize hybrids were analyzed by SRAP technique with 25 pairs of SRAP primers. 【RESULTS】Nineteen pairs out of 25 pairs of SRAP primers were selected, which displayed polymorphism, stable and repeated amplification profiles. A total of 152 polymorphic SRAP bands were detected and one primer pair produced 8 polymorphic bands on average. The ratio of polymorphic bands was from 44.4%（me4/em3）to 91.7%(me4/em1). The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) for the SRAP varied from 0.752 to 0.922 with an average of 0.879. Prominently, primer pair me4/em1 can distinguish the 19 maize hybrids by itself. Furthermore, 5 primer pairs were selected and fingerprinting of 19 maize hybrids were developed, which would be basement of maize identification by SRAP technique. 【CONCLUSION】The results verified very high discrimination ability of SRAP markers, moreover, considering its simple, stable, co-dominant and well- proportioned distribution, conclusion could be made that SRAP might be a potentially useful marker technique and supplement for SSR in maize hybrid identification.

  Optimization of total DNA extraction and test of suitable molecular markers in Taihanggia rupestris 2009, 25 (18):  57-60.  Abstract + ( 1231 )   PDF ( 636248KB )   ( 658 ) The total DNA was isolated from the leaf of Taihanggia rupestris YU et LI by the conventional CTAB method，improved CTAB method and SDS method. The extracts by improved CTAB method were tested as the template for several molecular marker types．The results showed the extracts by conventional CTAB method were brown and could not dissolve completely, and those by SDS method had a low quality and yield. As for the improved CTAB method, there was a high production rate of the extracts，that was pure with little degradation，and A260/ A280 was 1.8 or so. With these leaf DNA serving as template, PCR at two loci of mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes was effective and special highly. Besides, these total DNA were good templates for SSR and RAPD molecular markers. So improved CTAB method is a good protocol by which the total DNA was isolated from the leaf of T. rupestris, its product meet the requirement of PCR amplification for the nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes.

  An Overview of “Omics” in Modern Biology 2009, 25 (18):  61-65.  Abstract + ( 1132 )   PDF ( 482976KB )   ( 1719 ) In modern biological study, a variety of “omics” have come forth, and they have accelerated the development in the field of system biology. With respect to all the aspects of nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites, and phenotypes as well, “omics” mainly includes genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabonomics, plant ionomics, interactomics, and physiomics / phenomics. By integration of the latest achievements and the coming trends, the concept, new technologies and progress are systematically reviewed in current article, which is helpful to well understand system biology and keep up with the advances.

  The Study of Adventitious Buds Inducement and Rooting from Glehnia litteralis 2009, 25 (18):  66-70.  Abstract + ( 1158 )   PDF ( 2925646KB )   ( 657 ) Abstract：【OBJECTIVE】the research aimed to study the tube propagation process of induction, differentiation, rooting,transplanting of Glehnia litteralis,and to screen fine tube seedlings.【METHODS】the rhizome of Glehnia litteralis was used for explant,MS for basic medium,adding different hormone mixed at different ratio, under different conditions of light intensity and other measure.Then the research of adventitious buds inducement, rooting, acclimatization and transplants was carried out to find the best cultivation.【RESULTS】the suitable medium for adventitious buds inducement from rhizome in vitro is MS medium+6-BA2.2~2.4 mg?L-1+NAA 0.2mg?L-1+Sucrose30mg?L-1＋Agar8mg?L-1. The suitable medium on rooting of adventitious buds in vitro is 1/2MS+IBA 0.2 mg?L-1+Sucrose 15mg?L-1＋Agar 6mg?L-1.The survival rate of adventitious buds cutted with stem segments was significantly enhanced. 1/2MS medium with 0.02%active carbon could increase average roots per plantlet and could improve root hair’s development. Semienclosed-type acclimatization that MS medium covered about 2 days and then in mixed medium about 10 days is effectly helpful to improve plantlets’ survival rate. The suitable two mixed mediums for transplant are 1/3peat+ 1/3 sand+1/3garden soil and 1/3vermiculite+1/3peat+1/3garden soil.

  Application RAPD on Identification of systematic status of Pingguoli pear MA Yan-Zhi 2009, 25 (18):  71-73.  Abstract + ( 1614 )   PDF ( 503349KB )   ( 622 ) 【OBJECTIVE】Pingguoli pear were excellent germplasm resource with cold resistance, but the ownerships of it was not find out clearly. The objective was to find out the ownership of Pingguoli pear. 【METHOD】 Using RAPD markers, delving and clearing the genetic relationships of partly Pyrus germplasm was studied, by the existent demurral and the dendrogram. 【RESULTS】By the existent demurral on systematic status of Pingguoli pear, the general Euclidean distances between P. Bretschneideri Rehd., P.pyrifolia Nakai, P. ussuriensis Maxim, P. communis L. and Pingguoli pear were 5.022, 5.713, 6.099, and 6.703 respectively. From the dendrogram, Pingguoli pear was clustered with P. Bretschneideri Rehd. 【CONCLUSION】That was to say Pingguoli pear should be most similar to White-pear system.

  Studied on the characteristics of lotus-seed starch pastes 2009, 25 (18):  74-78.  Abstract + ( 1112 )   PDF ( 887504KB )   ( 759 ) In this paper, the solubility, turgidity, viscosity, transmittance, retrogradation, freeze-thaw stability of the lotus-seed starch pastes were studied, in order to provide theoretical basis of deep processing of lotus-seed. The results showed that the solubility of lotus starch was low, the turgidity was closed to sweet potato starch, accordingly was a restrictive swelling starch. A lower transparency (10.4%) was researched in the lotus-seed starch pastes, condensation speed was faster, but it decreased at acidic or alkaline condition. Stronger freeze-thaw stability and lower gel strength was researched in it. It can be from the Brabender viscosity that the lotus-seed starch has a higher gelatinization temperature (77.1℃), better thermostability, stronger retrogradation, weaker cold viscosity stability. The results accorded with its molecular characteristics.

  Introduction of Food safety supervision system and quality certification in Taiwan 国 伟1，周 昱2，王文枝1，聂雪梅1，李 立1，储晓刚1 2009, 25 (18):  79-83.  Abstract + ( 1150 )   PDF ( 1305402KB )   ( 1289 ) This paper introduces Taiwan's food safety supervision bodies (such as Council of Agriculture, Department of Health of Executive Yuan, Metrology and Inspection Bureau of Standards etc.), laws, regulations, quality certification system, and the revelation from Taiwan's food safety regulatory mechanism. Understanding the status of Taiwan is important for the implementation of the two sides agreement, promoting food safety communication and mutual trust, protecting the safety and health of Chinese people.

  Study on the Alcohol Extraction Technology of Chlorogenic Acid from the Leaf of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. 2009, 25 (18):  84-88.  Abstract + ( 1270 )   PDF ( 804864KB )   ( 966 ) Objective The extraction technology of chlorogenic acid from Eucommia ulmoides leaf was studied with Ethanol as solvent. Methods Main factors influencing the extraction of chlorogenic acid from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides were studied by single factor experiments, and then the optimized conditions for the extraction of chlorogenic acid were studied by orthogonal test.Results Optimized conditions were obtained as follows: Ethanol concentration 60%;extraction temperature 60℃; extraction time 2.5h; material to solvent 1:12. Conclusion The extraction ratio of chlorogenic acid was 2.434% in the optimized conditions.

  Effects of acetylsalicylic acid treatment on the Yali pear fruit shelf-life quality characters YANG Shao-Lan 2009, 25 (18):  89-92.  Abstract + ( 1272 )   PDF ( 578320KB )   ( 622 ) Yali pear were used in this study to investigate the effects of ASA on the shelf-life fruit quality. The fruit were treated with 2.5mM ASA after transferred from 0 ℃ to 20 ℃, and then the fruit firmness, TSS, respiration rate, ethylene production rate, TA content and the weight loss rate were measured during the shelf-life. As the results, ASA could delay the decreasing of the pear fruit firmness, inhibit the fruit respiration rate and ethylene production rate, and alleviate the fruit weight loss and rot rate. ASA treatment can maintain the longer shelf-life and keep good fruit quality of Yali pear.

  Study on Characteristics of Yoghurt Fermentation Strains 邵秀丽，王吉庆，菅广宇 2009, 25 (18):  93-95.  Abstract + ( 1317 )   PDF ( 514025KB )   ( 873 ) Abstract：In this paper, The viable cells number and OD and pH were studied to get the optimum harvesting period of fermentation. The results showed that the were 16 hour and 14 hour,St and Lb 1∶1 mixed was better than single fermentation and the viable bacteria counts in skimmed milk could reach 8.5x108 cfu／g

  The Fusion-PCR added Self-Extension Process 刘亮伟1，杨海玉1，胡 瑜1，李相前2 2009, 25 (18):  96-98.  Abstract + ( 1248 )   PDF ( 584702KB )   ( 1898 ) In this paper, we discussed the fusion-PCR by adding self-extension process. The self-extension procedure was cycled for 2 times. When the extension length of self-extension procedure was 2, 3, or 5 minutes, the fusion-gene band amplified by fusion-PCR was significantly brighter than that of traditional PCR. However, when the extension length of the self-extension was 1 minutes, the genes amplified were similar between these two PCR processes. This indicates that the extension length of self-extension procedure is an important factor influencing gene amplified in Fusion-PCR.

  Isolation and Identification of common corrupt bacterium from chilled meat 朱维军1，焦 镭1，石明生1，崔俊林2，李 东1 2009, 25 (18):  99-101.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   PDF ( 500473KB )   ( 733 ) Abstract The important reason of putrescence from chilled meat was the reproductive bacterium. In order to study on secure opinion and predictive technique of bacterium from the coolled meat, this paper shows the isolation and identification of primary colony of bacterium from chilled meat. The result showed that the primary colony of bacterium to be bring from chilled meat was the E.coli, the lactic acid bacteria (acidilactici), the pseudomonassp, the brochothrix thermosphacta

  Effects of slow cooling treatment on chilling injury and physiological changes of Pomegranate fruit during cold storage 赵迎丽，李建华，施俊凤，张晓宇，王 亮，王华瑞 2009, 25 (18):  102-105.  Abstract + ( 1124 )   PDF ( 827510KB )   ( 612 ) Physiological changes of the 0 ℃ low temperature stress and slow cooling treatment on chilling injury of the pomegranate fruit were studied. The results showed that the slow cooling treatment could lower the membrane permeability and reduce the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) content ,inhibit the polyphenol oxidase activity and decrease the oxidation of phenolic substances of the pomegranate pericarp of stored at 0℃.The slow cooling treatment could postpone the symptom of chilling injury appearing and lighten the degree of chilling injury of pomegranate fruits and reduce pericarp browning and maintain fruit quality.

  Observation of effects of taking barley grass powder orally on human health 2009, 25 (18):  106-109.  Abstract + ( 2098 )   PDF ( 512028KB )   ( 605 ) In this study, the effects of daily taking barley grass powder orally on the human health were observed. The results showed that taking a small number of barley grass powder orally every day could effectively improve sleeping, repair memory, enhance immunity, build up their strength, promote wound healing, ease various discomfort reactions, maintain heart and normal blood indicators, enhance detoxification capacity of the body, and slow human ageing process, especially for the population of older, sub-health body, or even with physical health problems. No any side effects of long-term daily taking a small number of barley grass powder on the human body were found.

  A simple method for distinction between pork and beef by molecular biological technique 2009, 25 (18):  110-112.  Abstract + ( 1398 )   PDF ( 1242406KB )   ( 831 ) A method was set up based on microsatellites for distinction between pork and beef. According to the inter-species specificity of the microsatellites, some loci of bovine and porcine were selected from Genebank, named SignⅠand Sign II, and the primers were designed for each microsatellite according to the flanking sequence. The DNA samples were extracted from 48 individuals of cattle and pig for PCR reactions, which products were used to Electrophoresis. The results show that the target strips were observed which were 379bp and 585bp separatively. These strips can identify which sample from cattle or pig. This method is accurate, specific, quick and simple, and the result is easily judged.

  Content of Amino Acid in cereal protein and Its Nutritive Evaluation 2009, 25 (18):  113-117.  Abstract + ( 1448 )   PDF ( 929824KB )   ( 613 ) Using the egg protein as a standard protein and WHO/FAO reference model of essential amino acid (EAA) as an appraisal criterion, the nutritional value of the proteins in the nine cereals were evaluated by fuzzy pattern recognition and ratio coefficient of amino acid (AA). The results showed that the protein contents of nine cereals ranged from10.37% to 11.84% in the dried samples. The total amino acid contents of Jingu 13 and Jingu 30 were higher, which were 991.11 mg/g and 989.56mg/g .The cereals were rich in all kinds of AA and EAA took up39%~40% of total EAA. The first limiting AA was Lys. Score of ratio coefficient of AA （SRC）was 65.47~67.64.The cereal considered as a fine plant proteins’ source that can be exploited and used.

  Effects of Low Temperature Storage on Postharvest Physiology and Storage Property of Mudong Red Bayberry 2009, 25 (18):  118-121.  Abstract + ( 1305 )   PDF ( 676455KB )   ( 518 ) Experiment was conducted with Mudong Red Bayberry. The effects of different temperature on storage quality and physiological changes of Mudong Red Bayberry fruits during storage were investigated.Changes in respiration rate,relative leakage rate, MDA content, total soluble solids(TSS),titratable acidity(TA) and Vitamin C of Mudong Red Bayberry were investigated at 0±0.5℃、2±0.5℃、5±0.5℃和24~28℃.The results indicated that compared with 0±0.5℃、5±0.5℃和24~28℃, storage temperature at 2±0.5℃ could maintain contents of total soluble solids and titratable acidity,inhibit the respiration rate and alleviate membrane lipid peroxide.The experiment proved that optimal storage temperature of Mudong Red Bayberry was 2±0.5℃.

  Preliminary Discussion on the Cleaning Production of Pu-erh Tea 2009, 25 (18):  122-125.  Abstract + ( 1171 )   PDF ( 509810KB )   ( 986 ) This paper summarized the basic requirements of Pu-erh tea’s cleaning production，and pointed out the necessity of Pu-erh tea’s cleaning production according to food safety requirements. It proposed some main measurements of Pu-erh tea’s cleaning production, including the cleaning of factory production environment, Fuel, production equipments, technologies of production and worker operation. This paper also gives some advices to factories improving technique and producing safety Pu-erh tea.

  Research Advancement in Relation of Enzymes for Cell Wall Metabolism with Fruit Softening 2009, 25 (18):  126-130.  Abstract + ( 1396 )   PDF ( 547933KB )   ( 1222 ) Softening is significant factor affecting postharvest life of fruit, and is the result of sequence action of a series of enzymes for cell wall metabolism. Different enzymes showed various characteristics during ripening or softening of different fruits. Focusing on various enzymes for cell wall metabolism, with regard to enzymes activity and their genes expression during ripening or softening of different fruits, the latest research advancement was reviewed, and mechanism of fruit softening was speculated in this paper.

  The Technique of Sulphur Dioxide Prevention of Discolouration for Drying Fruits in Foreign Countries 2009, 25 (18):  131-134.  Abstract + ( 1303 )   PDF ( 487940KB )   ( 979 ) The methods of sulfur dioxide prevention of discolouration is popularized in many countries in drying fruits production ,which can be conducted in simple ,practical, effective ways .This thesis introduces that the technique has been used in preventing discolouration of sulfur dioxide for dried fruits in foreign countries and its time ,methods ,doses .Moreover, it specifies the factors of influencing sulphur dioxide effects during the sulphuring .With a result ,For Chinese dried fruits enterprises this thesis will be helpful and supported in producing good quality dried fruits within international standard that also welcomed in international market .

  The Effects of Allogenic Material on Cold -Resistance of Tomato in Flowering Period 2009, 25 (18):  135-139.  Abstract + ( 1292 )   PDF ( 679189KB )   ( 607 ) The tomatoes were selected as the experimental material, effect of treat with different concentrations of exogenous growth regulators on physiological reaction during the flowering period. It was showed that the cold resistance was increased through the abscisic acid, salicylic acid, paclobutrazol, jasmonic acid, and the cold resistance was increased in higher concentrations. Conductivity was reducing significantly in 150μg/g ABA and 300 mg/L salicylic acid. With growth of induced concentrations, proline and soluble soluble sugar were higher than in the control, but soluble protein was decreased. In addition, there are different effects of exogenous growth regulators on varieties but enhance cold-resistance were appearance.

  Preliminary Study on Identical and Different Analysis Method in the Evaluation of Meteorological Factors and Rice Yield Relationship FU Ding 2009, 25 (18):  140-145.  Abstract + ( 1450 )   PDF ( 506011KB )   ( 539 ) Main climatic factors of Xinyang were analyzed and evaluated by identical and different analysis method during rice growth and development in 1996～2005. The results showed that 1997, 1999 and 2001 were high yield years; 1996, 1998, 2002 and 2004 were normal yield years; 2000, 2003 and 2005 were low yield years. A new method was provided on scientific evaluating annual rice yield, the method was feasible, above conclusion was objective and reasonable.

  Comparison with photosynthetic characteristic of wheat between precipitation growth and irrigation growth 2009, 25 (18):  146-150.  Abstract + ( 1307 )   PDF ( 942244KB )   ( 547 ) Abstract：Under precipitation and irrigation condition, we took wheat variety Qingmai 6 as the object of study. Studying the response that rate of photosynthesis and transpiration, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency to light intensity in the wheat filling period, researching the relativity to each photosynthetic characteristics. It showed that photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were increasing with the light intensity under precipitation and irrigation conditions, which were all simulated with Michaelis-Menten equation. Photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance with irrigation treatment were higher than that of precipitation under higher light intensity, transpiration rate with irrigation treatment was higher than that of precipitation, but water use efficiency was lower than that of precipitation. The rate of photosynthesis and transpiration had remarkable linearity relation because of in-phase of gas exchange, but the effect of water lack to transpiration rate was more direct and intense than that to photosynthetic rate.

  Discussion on the Bilingual Education for Genetics in the Newly-constructed Universities 2009, 25 (18):  151-154.  Abstract + ( 1133 )   PDF ( 460226KB )   ( 501 ) Genetics, one of the most active developing scientific fields in the world nowadays, is a key course in the associated majors of agronomic, forestry and biological subjects. Bilingual education for genetics in universities of our country is of importance. Newly-constructed universities, as playing an important role in our state higher education, are at the beginning and exploring stage with the questions of serious shortage of teachers, students’ lack of English knowledge basis and schools’ administrative lagging in the genetics bilingual teaching. It is primarily discussed and analyzed in this paper that: for guaranteeing the quality of genetic bilingual education, five factors should be given special attention, namely, teachers, students, textbooks and courses, as well as teaching methods and teaching means.

  Regulation Mechanisms of Nitrogen Form on Water Utilization of Maize Seedlings under Fixed Partial Root-zone Water Stress 2009, 25 (18):  155-160.  Abstract + ( 1438 )   PDF ( 587536KB )   ( 741 ) Abstract: In order to investigate the regulation mechanisms of nitrogen form on water utilization of maize seedlings under fixed partial root-zone water stress conditions, a split-root system composed of two root compartments was used. Polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) was added to one root compartment simulating fixed partial root-zone water stress. Physiological indices, such as xylem water transportation rate, physiological water use efficiency and abscisic acid concentration in different parts of plant were examined at different time after water stress treatments. Nitrogen was set as three forms (50%NO3--N+50%NH4+-N；NO3--N；NH4+-N), and added to two root compartments homogenously. It showed that, under fixed partial root-zone water stress conditions, plant supplied with mixed nitrogen could maintain relative higher water transportation rate as time of water stress prolonged comparing with NH4+-N and NO3--N supplement. Thickness of mesophyll and leaf, vessel number and diameter in plant supplied with mixed nitrogen was also high. These traits could adapt plants to water stress by improving water absorption and translocation. However, ammonium nutrition had a greater effect on the increment in xylem sap pH and ABA concentration in different parts of plant compared to other nitrogen sources. Xylem sap pH in plant supplied with ammonium increased evidently at late stage of the water stress treatment, which could enhance the regulation of plant transpiration. Ammonium nutrition improved water use efficiency of maize seedlings under fixed partial root-zone water stress.

  The Regression analysis between Fertilization and the Output , the Economic benefit in Phyllostachys pubescens for Culm-producing 2009, 25 (18):  166-169.  Abstract + ( 1037 )   By the optimum of quadratic regression for 4 factors,the regression model between fertilization,the living bamboo density and the bamboo timber output of Phyllostachys pubescens was established in the paper,meanwhile ,the economic benefit equations of the fertilization and the standing culm based on the prices of in input and output,which were tested by F-value in goodness of fit;By bi-frequency analysis of yield and the economic benefit,the optimal fertilization and culms density scheme were obtained within the confidence interval of 95% as follows:urea490～609.8kg.hm-2 (average549.9kg.hm-2),superphosphate250.8～262.4kg.hm-2 (average256.6kg.hm-2),potassium chloride43.2～123.6kg.hm-2 (average83.4kg.hm-2),and culms density2364～

  Research of Financing about Property Rights of Forestry Mortgage Loan in Fujian 2009, 25 (18):  170-173.  Abstract + ( 1442 )   PDF ( 485563KB )   ( 817 ) The forestry property rights mortgage loan takes as the ownership of forests system reform product， is an important way of stimulating the forest property value and promoting the forestry financing development.The article has elaborated the connotation of the forestry property rights mortgage loan financing， the correlation theories， the system foundation and the fundamental mode， and then mainly analyzed the current existence question in Fujian Province forestry property rights mortgage loan financing.At last，the article put forward the related proposal.

  Study on technical efficiency and strategy for optimizing sturcture of Wheat of Shandong 2009, 25 (18):  178-183.  Abstract + ( 819 )   PDF ( 2371643KB )   ( 448 )

  The Influence of Different Ecological Condition on Growth and Yield of Corn Variety Zhengdan 23 2009, 25 (18):  184-188.  Abstract + ( 1314 )   PDF ( 476533KB )   ( 647 ) The Influence of Different Ecological Condition on Growth and Yield of Corn Variety Zhengdan 23 Ma Ruixia, Liu Wencheng (Biology and Food Engineering College, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan Anyang 455000) Abstract: The influence of different ecological condition on growth and yield of corn variety Zhengdan 23 was studied through sowing-date experiment at Ayang city. The yield, length and chinckness of ear, and weight of a hundred seeds dropped, the growing process quickened , the maximum leaf area index and dry matter accumulation declined, along with the postponement of summer sowing, The ecological adaptability for high yield of Zhengdan 23 was that whole growing accumulated temperature was 2835.1~3038.2℃ and whole growing daily mean temperature was 25.3~25.7℃, whole growing accumulated sunshine hour was 484.2~630.4h and whole growing daily mean sunshine hour was 4.3~5.3h. Key words: Corn, Growth, Yield, Eco1ogical Condition

  Effects of accurate humidity control on the flue-cured tobacco during curing 2009, 25 (18):  189-193.  Abstract + ( 1564 )   PDF ( 525798KB )   ( 648 ) The effects of accurate humidity control on the flue-cured tobacco during curing were studied by using the electric-heated temperature and humidity auto-controlled flue-curing barn supplied by Henan Agricultural University. The results indicated that when the tobacco were cured by the accurate humidity control, the proportion of orange and reddish brown increased significantly, but the proportion of varied also added; the content of nicotine, chlorine, total nitrogen increased a little, while the content of total sugar, reducing sugar decreased, and the proportion of total sugar and nicotine was closed to 10, and the contents of chemical compositions were all in the fitting range; the quality and quantity of aroma, the cigarette ash and the physiological strength were all better than that cured by temperature controlled, and it was little irritancy, but the offensive taste was bad than that cured by humidity controlled, it also increased the quality and quantity of aroma, the aroma substance were more harmonious.

  Studies on Breeding Method of the High Oil Content Line T057-7 in Brassica napus 2009, 25 (18):  194-197.  Abstract + ( 1700 )   PDF ( 541447KB )   ( 663 ) In recent years, Breeding of Brassica napus has got a great progress in China, but the oil contents of conventional varieties was in a low level. High oil content has become the main breeding objective. Institute of industrial Crops Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences had selected high oil content lines in Brassica napus by polymerization hybridization and microspore culture technique, and analysed oil content by the NIRS (near infrared reflectance spectroscopy). Oil content of T057-7 was 50.15％ and 52.38％, the result analysed by Quality and Safety Inspection Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture in 2003 and 2004. T057-7 was a high oil content restorer line with resistant to virus disease, tolerance to Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum and excellent agronomic characters, it can be used in breeding of high oil content Brassica napus cultivars.

  Research for the rained corns’suitable sowing period in Beijing plain. 2009, 25 (18):  198-201.  Abstract + ( 1169 )   PDF ( 589725KB )   ( 587 ) Abstract：The worst drought in Beijing continues in these years, since 2006, the corn production methode shifted from irrigable cultivation to rained dry field cultivation, which brought the changefully items during the breeding period by taking advantage of natual precipitation, plus the unsuitable way of corn selection, these items will cause the reduction production of corn.This dissertation is focused on the corn breeding period by sowing in installment of corn in Beijing plain, to ensure the suitable season for sowing in order to be the reference for rained dry field corn selection in Beijing plain.

  Effect of PEG stress on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase(POD) and the content of Malonaldehyde (MDA)in the seedlings of triticale 2009, 25 (18):  202-204.  Abstract + ( 1359 )   PDF ( 460472KB )   ( 785 ) The effect of water deficit on leaf protective enzymes and permeability of plasma membrane of ten triticale cultivars with different drought resistance was studied.Under 20 % PEG 6000 simulated drought stress , superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity，peroxidase(POD) activity and Malonaldehyde (MDA) content of triticale with different drought resistance were measured .The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD)，peroxidase(POD) and Malonaldehyde (MDA) content are higher than that of control. While they changed apparently between different cultivars. The stress coefficient of SOD activity are as follows: S4＞S2＞S7＞S8＞S6＞S9＞S10＞S1＞S5＞S3, the biggest of which is S4(Prego) that is 7.48, the stress coefficient of POD activity are as follows: S2＞S9＞S6＞S4＞S8＞S7＞S5＞S10＞S1＞S3，the biggest of which is S2(Fidelio) that is 3.19 , and the stress coefficient of MDA content are as follows: S3＞S10＞S1＞S5＞S8＞S2＞S7＞S6＞S9＞S4, the biggest of which is S3(Tewo) that is 4.71 ,This indicted that Prego might was a cultivar with the strongest drought resistance and Tewo might was drought-sensitive cultivar in all cultivars.

  The physiological property comparison of three kinds of gold and silver wood 2009, 25 (18):  208-211.  Abstract + ( 1082 )   PDF ( 680893KB )   ( 515 ) Abstract: In order to explore the resistibility of evergreen Amur honeysuckle, normal Amur honeysuckle and red-leave Amur honeysuckle, sample different types in April, May, July and November, systematically test activity indexes as soluble sugar, soluble protein, free proline, contents of malonaldehyde and SOD, POD. Get a primary understanding of the changing rules of osmotic adjustment and protective enzyme activities of these three kinds of Amur honeysuckles. It shows that under the normal growing process, evergreen Amur honeysuckle and normal Amur honeysuckle have stronger abilities of osmotic adjustment, and evergreen Amur honeysuckle has the strongest abilities of protective enzyme activities among the three types.

  Studies on Distribution of Assimilation Product in Different Position of Cassava Varieties 2009, 25 (18):  216-218.  Abstract + ( 1150 )   PDF ( 605821KB )   ( 612 ) Abstract: Taking five cassava varieties, SC124, GR911, Baxizhong, GR891 and Nanyanghong as a test material, analyze the distribution of photosynthetic product starch and sucrose content in different position of cassava, the results showed that sucrose of assimilation product of leaves is transported to earthnut through phloem, then sucrose transform into starch with the starch synthase. With earthnut starch content of cassava adding ,the sucrose content in leaves and earthnut have increasing trend, the starch content in leaves and leaves stalks have descending trend.

  Studies on Appropriate Chlorine Amounts and Relationship between Chlorine Amount and Material Accumulation of Flue-cured Tobacco 2009, 25 (18):  221-225.  Abstract + ( 931 )   PDF ( 518447KB )   ( 429 ) There was a markedly plus linear relationship between amounts of chlorine applied and chlorine content or accumulation of flue-cured tobacco in growth period. There was a markedly plus linear relationship between amounts of chlorine applied and total sugar content and reductive sugar content of X2F and C3F, total nitrogen content or total chlorine content of flue-cured tobacco leaves; and there was a markedly minus linear relationship between amounts of chlorine applied and total potassium content. Bases on the relationship between amounts of chlorine applied and chlorine content of different parts in final harvest, or different grade of flue-cured tobacco leaves, there was safe for flue-cured tobacco leaves, and assuring for chlorine content of flue-cured tobacco leaves more than 0.3% when tobacco field was applied chlorine fertilizer with 24 kg/hm2.

  Comparison of Flow Injection Analysis Method and Traditional Methods for the Determination of Nitrogen in Soils 2009, 25 (18):  226-230.  Abstract + ( 1094 )   PDF ( 480973KB )   ( 828 ) The contents of NH4+-N, NO3--N and NO2--N in different use types of soil from the same valley were determined using flow injection analysis method (FIAstar 5000) and traditional methods (MgO extraction and diffusion method, phenoldisulfonic acid colorimetry method and copperized cadmium reduction method), respectively. The average value, the determined error, the recovery rate and standard deviation were compared between the two methods. The result shows that flow injection analysis method is more rapid than traditional method and has a good stability in the determination of NH4+-N and NO3--N in soil (RSD <5%, n=5). Flow injection analysis method is also comparable with the recovery rate 96.7~98.3% and 98.5~102.0%. However, the flow injection analyser is unstabler than phenoldisulfonic acid colorimetry method in determination of NO2--N in soil (RSD>6%, n=5), and the analysis results are generally lower than true value and need to carry out the necessary correction. Therefore, if we measure NH4+-N and NO3--N in large amount soil samples, using the flow injection analyser is feasible, but when measuring the NO2--N content, there is a significant error existed and need to be corrected.

  Analysis about Amount and Ratio of Basal Fertilizer and Top-dressing Fertilizer on Peanut in Different Region of Shangdong Province ZHAO ZHAO Xiu-Fen 2009, 25 (18):  231-235.  Abstract + ( 1343 )   PDF ( 484436KB )   ( 582 ) An investigation was conducted to research the amount and ratio of base and top-dressing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on Peanut in different region of Shangdong province, and the problems in peanut fertilization were detailedly analysed. Aiming at the actuality of base and top-dressing fertilizer on peanut in Shandong province, some conclusions were put forward in this paper. As far as concerned nitrogen fertilizer, it was proper to reduce amount of basal fertilizer and to increase amount of top-dressing fertilizer, or to apply controlled/slow-release nitrogen fertilizers. For phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, the compound fertilizer varieties and largest basal fertilizer proportion should be carried out on peanut fertilization in Shandong province.

  The Analysis and Distribution of Soil Heavy Metals Enrichment in Main Grain Producing Area of Shandong Province LIU Yan-Jun 2009, 25 (18):  236-240.  Abstract + ( 1255 )   PDF ( 905369KB )   ( 623 ) The arable land in Liaocheng was distributed as 136 points to be monitored. 11 kinds of heavy metals had been monitored. The enrichment of all heavy metals had been calculated. The enrichment index showed that the pollution degree of 11 kinds of soil heavy metals were different. Their order was: Cu>Hg>V >Zn>Ni>Cr>Co>As>Mn>Pb >Cd. The heavy metals in 8 different regions had been counted, which showed that the largest enrichment index of As、Co、Hg、Cu、Ni、Mn were in Dong’e town. At the same time, the smallest enrichment index of Cd、Zn、V were in Don’t’e town too. There’s difference during different regions in Liaochent city.

  Effect of urea, ammonium bicarbonate and their combined application with organic fertilizer on successive plantation of leafy vegetables 2009, 25 (18):  241-244.  Abstract + ( 1403 )   PDF ( 492568KB )   ( 627 ) Abstract: Yields of leafy vegetables tend to increase with temperature decreasing under high-intensity successive plantation in winter in Pearl River Delta Area. Under the condition of four successive plantation of leafy vegetables with the same amount of phosphorus and potassium, Urea, ammonium bicarbonate and their combined application with organic fertilizer experiment indicated that growth and yields of leafy vegetables in the urea treatment was better than those in ammonium bicarbonate treatment, but the difference declined with temperature decreasing. Little difference was obtained between treatments of Urea and ammonium bicarbonate combined application with organic fertilizer respectively. The nitrate content of leafy vegetables was affected by the difference in variety, temperature and fertilization, and Urea, ammonium bicarbonate combined application with organic fertilizer tended to reduce the nitrate contents. In addition, under continuous leafy vegetables cropping, combining application of organic and inorganic fertilizer could improve soil fertility.

  Effects on foliar fertilizer to leaf gas exchange of Tobacco（Nicotiana tobacum L.） 2009, 25 (18):  245-248.  Abstract + ( 1310 )   PDF ( 838204KB )   ( 601 ) Abstract：In order to reveal the effects on foliar fertilizer to photosynthetic rate, and increase the photosynthetic productivity of tobacco, we researched and analyzed the response characteristics of photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency to light intensity during the fast-growing period. It indicated under application foliar fertilizer conditions, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance all gradually increased with the light intensity enhancement. Under no application foliar fertilizer condition, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance gradually increased with the light intensity enhancement. Yet, when light intensity exceeded 1200μmol s-1m-2, it appeared photons saturation. Photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance under application foliar fertilizer conditions were higher than those under no application, but water use efficiency was no change. So, application foliar fertilizer would remarkably improve photosynthesis and leaf gas exchange of the tobacco.

  Study on the Effect of Soil Water Content to Yield in Corn 2009, 25 (18):  249-252.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   PDF ( 505953KB )   ( 699 ) The ear length, ear diameter, row grains, 100 grain weight etc of corn were studied in dry codition. The result showed that ear length was significantly positive correlated with yield, 100 grain weight and ear length were lightly positive correlated with yield, and row grains was lightly negative correlated with yield. Soil water content was highly negative related with yield, plant height, leaf number and planting density were lightly negative correlated with yield. The variety relatively resistant to dry in filling period were Fenghe7, Suiyu7 and Fenghe332. Xianyu335 was the mediem one, and Longdan13 and Sidan19 were poor ones.

  Effects of Spraying NASEO3 on Yield of Wheat 2009, 25 (18):  253-255.  Abstract + ( 1286 )   PDF ( 476736KB )   ( 547 ) Abstract: Test of spraying NASEO3 on winter wheat was carried out on alluvial soil in east of Henan province,the results are as follows, sodium selenite could improve wheat yield signifcantly and has a significant economic impact, spraying NASEO3 can improve wheat yield 1691.4~2443.2kg?hm-2 compared with water spraying only,the improve rate is 13.6~15.2%,and can improve wheat se 0.07-0.14 Se?ugkg-1compared with water spraying only,the improve rate is 124.1-148.3% net income per hectare is 2653.2 yuan ~ 3820.8 yuan.

  Establishing phosphorus fertilization recommendation index based on the “fertilizer rate” field experiments in Jilin province CAO Ning 2009, 25 (18):  256-258.  Abstract + ( 1150 )   PDF ( 503043KB )   ( 629 ) Taking the spring maize “fertilizer rate” experiments in Jilin Province as an example, the process of establishing fertilization recommendation index was investigated. Soil Olsen-P were classified as low(<75% relative yield), medium(75%-90% relative yield), high(90%-95% relative yield) and very high(>95%relative yield) based on the relative yields. P fertilizer recommended rates were simulated by the models of one-factor for each “fertilizer rate” field experiment. The results indieate that phosphorus fertilizer rates (P2O5) are 83 kg/ha, 60 kg/ha, 45 kg/ha and 0 kg/ha。When soil fertility are classified as low, medium, high and ver high（Olsen-P＜5 mg/kg, 5-21mg/kg, 21-34mg/kg, ＞34mg/kg）, respectively.

  Research on Heredity Trend of Morphological Characters of Tomato Germplasm Resources ＸＩＥ　Ｆａｎｇ－ｌｉ 2009, 25 (18):  259-266.  Abstract + ( 1455 )   PDF ( 1115796KB )   ( 923 ) Abstract: To understand the relationship among species, this paper research on heredity trend of morphological characters of tomato germplasm resource.The experiment hopes to provide theoretical basis for the exploitation of tomato germplasm resources. Inheritance of some characters including stem length, foliage index, canopy were studied with 50 jianhuang,47（A-6t）,93-29,A33-1,46（A-10t）,93-11,A-17,49（7-1t）,48(7t)and F1 progenies from 93-29×A33-1,50jianhuang×47（A-6t）,46（A-10t）×93-11,50jianhuang×A-17,93-11×49（7-1t）,3-11×48（7t）.Results show that(1)There existed commonly the heterosis in crosses of 93-29×A33-1 in stem length.The other five species show the mid-parent heterosis.(2)There also existed the heterosis in crosses of 93-29×A33-1,93-11×48（7t）,93-11×49（7-1t）,50jianhuang×A-17 93-29×A33-1 in canopy,and,The cross-breeding method to increase canopy is feasible.(3)There existed the heterosis in crosses of 93-11×48(7t)and 50jianhuang×A-17 in foliage index, the other four combinations show the mid-parent heterosis.(4)F1 progenies from 93-29×A33-1 and 93-11×49(7-1t) are resistant to bacterial wilt of tomatoes.The cross- breeding can change the partial morphological characters of the tomato, so as to improve the yield, quality and resistance of the tomato.

  Research on Planning and Design of Urban Residential Landscape Planting Road ——Yuanmou Yunnan feature landscape planning Design 2009, 25 (18):  267-272.  Abstract + ( 1251 )   PDF ( 3322901KB )   ( 665 ) In landscape environment design of residential areas in a city,embodiment of characteristics and cultural atmosphere is an important issue. In this article, in order to explore the design ideas and theory of residential plants landscape in urban road constructions,the author takes the status of some roads in Yunnan Yuanmou and its improved design as an example and makes some investigations and data analysis。 This article provides a reference for future urban road plants landscape design。

  Analysis of ornamental plants in the interior landscape design 2009, 25 (18):  273-277.  Abstract + ( 1768 )   PDF ( 6781570KB )   ( 2674 ) Abstract: Multilayer the day afer tomorrow has appeared on building and interior air-conditioner during the past 20 centuries, interior space contact with outside natural scenery has been difficult. Gradually be grave but breaking away from natural being all cut off, make modernist's physical power come down. Therefore, somebody has brought forward natural view of return , has thought of sunrise but has done, sunset but cease and breathe at ease together life-style, before present have aroused very big echo. Houseplant is that the turn off that interior bad boundary reforms is good for a factor. The basis in the important effect having discussed the person is listed in the main body of a book main part having set forth houseplant throughly applies a form and designs principle, and plant's choice.

  Study on cutting propagation of medicinal plant Pterospermum heterophyllum Hance 2009, 25 (18):  278-282.  Abstract + ( 1084 )   PDF ( 532159KB )   ( 609 ) To obtain the best cutting effect, different kinds of hormones, hormone concentrations, hormone combinations and different types of cuttings were investigated. After treated by IBA, NAA, 2,4-D alone or their combinative solutions, the cuttings were compared in the survival rates, numbers and diameters of roots, and growing tendencies at the fiftieth day. The result shows that not only the young branches but also the old branches can be used as cuttings. For the younger cuttings, the better effect was obtained by treating for 60 min with IBA 20 mg/L + NAA 40 mg/L. The survival rate, root number and root diameter in average of cuttings were 82.2%, 5.50 and 2.00 mm, respectively. Growing tendency of cuttings was strong. But for the elder cuttings, the better effect was obtained by treating for 60 min with IBA 20 mg/L + NAA 60 mg/L. The survival rate, root number and root diameter in average of cuttings were 86.72%, 7.32 and 2.05 mm, respectively. Growing tendency of cuttings was also strong. The cutting effect from treatment by combinative hormones was better than that from hormone alone.

  Research on arrangement of landscape plants in taoist temple 2009, 25 (18):  283-287.  Abstract + ( 1568 )   PDF ( 563130KB )   ( 1014 ) Landscape plants in Taoism temple is an important part of Taoism temple landscaping. This article briefly introduces the developing history of Taoism temple landscaping and basic features of landscape plants utilize, as well as make the important conclusions of arrangement of landscape plants in Taoism temple as following :choosing the plants have the Taoism culture; using local plants first; appling Chinese traditional-style design and Taoist temple custom first.

  Advances in Research on Genetic Breeding and Biotechnology of Chinese Kale 2009, 25 (18):  296-299.  Abstract + ( 1036 )   PDF ( 505796KB )   ( 894 ) This paper reviewed advances in research relevant to genetic breeding and biotechnology of chinese kale in recent years. Prospects on future research were also discussed.

  Analysis on Growth and Yield of Cucumber Varities in Solar Greenhouse 2009, 25 (18):  300-303.  Abstract + ( 1104 )   PDF ( 573036KB )   ( 498 ) Abstract:For screening out with high yield and quality cucumber varities,the study selected 4 cucumber varities,their development and yield traits were studied and analyzed.The results showed, there were significant differences on plant height,stem diameter,number of caulis leaves, fruit per plant,weight per fruit and yield.Jinyou 12 and A70-40 were higher,Jizhou 6 was wider than others. Number of caulis leaves showed A70-40>Jizhou 6>2-107>Jinyou 12. Number of fruit per plant showed 2-107> A70-40> Jinyou 12> Jizhou 6. Weight per fruit exited biggest difference. Jinyou 12 and 2-107 showed better than others on development and yield, A70-40 fruit type was smaller but growed better,so it receives high yield through planting densely or training several trails.

  An optimization test on nutrient solution prescription of peanut shell substrate in tomato plug seedling 2009, 25 (18):  304-307.  Abstract + ( 1729 )   PDF ( 539544KB )   ( 662 ) The research for tomato plug seedling using the peanut shell: cattle manure: vermiculite=3：3：2（V/V/V）as a substrate studied matching simple nutrient solution prescription. The results showed that prescription 4(0.5%the ternary compound fertilizer+0.2%impact application organic fertilizer1) and prescription 2 (0.8%the ternary compound fertilizer)and prescription 6(biogas fluid dilution one time) had significant difference comparison of the clean water control respectively, and the testing indexes were better than other treatments ,of which prescription 4 was optimum, prescription 2 and prescription 6 were superior.

  Soil Characteristics and Fertilization Technology of Kiwifruit Cropland in the Mountain Areas Around the Sichuan 2009, 25 (18):  308-310.  Abstract + ( 1466 )   PDF ( 441220KB )   ( 884 ) The main and original production areas of kiwifruit in China are the mountain areas around the Sichuan, where cultivation areas of kiwifruit had exceeded 6666 ha. General quality of soil is poor, lacking of soil nutrients like available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, available boron and molybdenum. Moreover, excessive fertilizer applying, unreasonable using structure and improper method, these problems catholically existed in kiwifruit production. The key to fertilization technology lies in increasing investment of organic fertilizer, paying attention to microelement fertilizer’s application and extending fertilizer formula after soil testing.

  Three types of packaging materials on the effects of pepper seed germination 2009, 25 (18):  311-313.  Abstract + ( 1080 )   PDF ( 430633KB )   ( 723 ) Objective：To seek packaging material to preserve the safety of pepper seeds in humid climate in China’s south. Method: We checked the moisture content, germination energy and germination percentage of pepper seeds after Its been Packaged in different packaging materials under high temperature and humidity and Storage in different times Results: In three types of bags, aluminium foil bag was best , aluminium plating bags was better,paper bags was worst. Conclusion: What the structure was PET/AL0.7/PE was the most suitable ‘s packaging material of pepper seed in humid climate in China’s south.

  Rhizosphere colonization of Paecilomyces lilacinus strain PL050705 and it’s effects on community of rhizosphere fungi 2009, 25 (18):  324-328.  Abstract + ( 1222 )   PDF ( 634346KB )   ( 609 ) Abstract: The ability of Paecilomyces lilacinus strain PL050705 to compete with major fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of citrus with slow decline disease were determined in vitro. PL050705 have showed stronger antagonistic effects on all the fungi. Four treatment groups including water control(ck), PL050705+prawn shell powder（p+p），PL050705（p），ethoprophos (e) were made in field experiment. P. lilacinus strain could colonized with high population in rhizosphere of citrus in treatment group of p+p or p. Berger-Parker dominance index maintain higher lever（0.444～0.526）in treatment group of p+p, but decreased（0.590～0.256）in treatment group with p+p during the whole year. Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the fungi communities were in the order of p+p>p>ck>e. The results showed that PL050705 have antagonistic ability and good colonized ability in rhizosphere of citrus, could improved diversity of fungi communities especially treated with prawn shell powder.

  Disease causes and control of yellow leaves on plants 2009, 25 (18):  329-333.  Abstract + ( 1080 )   PDF ( 568237KB )   ( 1149 ) Disease of yellow leaves on plants becomes increasingly common and severe with the continuous deterioration of ecological environment. The disease can be caused by biotic and abiotic factors singly or in combination, so there are differences in the symptoms, occurrence law and control methods. In this article, the causes, diagnose techniques, occurrence law, control methods, and so on of the yellow leaves disease on plants were reviewed. And, the questions of deserving farther research and the control of the disease were discussed. It aims to provide reference for the research and control of the diseases.

  Pathogenic differentiation and identification technique of Curvularia lunata on Maize 2009, 25 (18):  338-334.  Abstract + ( 1226 )   PDF ( 601462KB )   ( 563 ) As the differential hosts, Shen135,78599-1、Mo17、477、C8605、E28、7922 were selected to studied by physiology and biochemistry, isozyme analysis of hereditary and RAPD from more than 20 main culture varieties and 20 skeleton inbred lines. Pathogenic differentiation were determined for Curvularia lunata on Maize at present. The result indicated that physiological differentiation were consistent between seedling stage identification in greenhouse and adult plant in field. Seedling stage identification had the features of simple operation and determining conditions were easily controlled. Based on 8 differential hosts from maize growing area, there were 6 pathogenic types in 20 Curvularia lunata strains. The type A was superior pathogenic group which showed high pathogenicity and wide distribution, however, type D was inferior one spreading small range. The result of different methods had correlation, especially for high pathogenic differentiation strains. All can be divided into the corresponding group in the same. 98-18,98-11 albino strains are divided in one group. with other strains in the pathogenicity, aspects of phenotypic differences.

  Pesticide Residues and their Countermeasures 2009, 25 (18):  344-347.  Abstract + ( 1084 )   PDF ( 464548KB )   ( 990 ) The essential and current situation of pesticide residues were introduced. On the basis of the analysis, four words countermeasures, as ‘pesticide’, ‘person’, ‘intendance’ and ‘remove’ were proposed.

  Trichoderma aureoviride 1010 Was Cultured with the Proper Condition wang tongyan 2009, 25 (18):  348-351.  Abstract + ( 1403 )   PDF ( 567396KB )   ( 587 ) Trichoderma spp. is fungus that is highly interactive in root, soil and foliar environments. They can biocontrol against a wide range of plant-soilborne-pathogen. Trichoderma aureoviride 1010 (T1010) strain was cultured in economical proper media will be important to be applied in agriculture. Hyphae were cultured in PD liquid for 3 days and the weight of hyphae was 5.75g/ml. The second growth was cultured in corn and soy-bean mixture media for 3 days, the weight of hyphae was 5.83g/ml. The economical proper solid media was wheat bran: vinegar residue: H2O=2:1:3.3. The mixing urea was 0.3%. T1010 grew at 26 ± 2°C. The number of T1010 spores was 2.46×1010cfu/g. This fermentation process parameter in this test will put high-effective, lower-cost, standardization to the proof of Trichoderma preparation.

  A recombinant RNA from Chuxiong isolate of Rice stripe virus(RSV) was sequenced 2009, 25 (18):  352-355.  Abstract + ( 1102 )   PDF ( 1617976KB )   ( 582 ) A recombinant RNA of one isolate of Rice stripe virus(RSV) from Chuxiong(YCX07), Yunnan Province, China, was sequenced. The RNA was recombined from the 3' segments of RNA2 and RNA3 of RSV. The recombinant RNA uses ambisense coding strategy and encodes two proteins, namely YCX07R-5P and YCX07R-3P. The two proteins located on the 5' end of the plus and minus strand, respectively. This is similar to the four RNAs of RSV. It was discussed that the RNA was recombined from abortion replication or linked by two recombinant fragments through the recombinant site directly.

  The general research of occurrence regularity and control of golden yellow gracilariid 2009, 25 (18):  356-359.  Abstract + ( 1056 )   PDF ( 480833KB )   ( 563 ) The apple leafminer (Phyllonorycter ringoniella) is an important pest in the apple production area. The author summarized the new reaserch of occurrence and harm characteristics about Phyllonorycter ringoniella in recent years and control measures which are agricultual control, chemical control, natural enemies utilization, sex pheromone control, and so on. The Integrated Control of pollution-free which consists of agricultural control, physical control and biological control should be applied vigorously. At the same time, combined with controling natural enemies to apply biological pesticides, sex pheromone lure. they can get better control effect, do not pollute the environmentt, in order to achieve the economic, effective and security.

  The investigation on the annual population dynamics of Diaphorina Citri Kuwayama and correlation analysis about incidence rate of Huanglongbing of next year in the normal orchards Ming-Xue Deng 2009, 25 (18):  359-360.  Abstract + ( 1295 )   PDF ( 495613KB )   ( 650 ) The main reason for the outbreak of Citrus Huanglongbing is that the Diaphorina citric Kuwayama hasn’t been well controlled. Figuring out the annual regularity of outbreak for Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is the basis to effectively control Diaphorina citri Kuwayama and Citrus Huanglongbing. According to a six-year systemic investigation, we found that October to December is the peak time for population of Diaphorina citric Kuwayama, and followed by September, January and May respectively. The Huanglongbing’s incidence rate of next year is markedly positive correlated with the Diaphorina citri Kuwayama quantity of September to December.

  Selection by Mutation of Cypermethrin Degrading Strain Y-3 2009, 25 (18):  364-366.  Abstract + ( 1084 )   PDF ( 568992KB )   ( 513 ) Cypermethrin degrading strain Y-3 (Corynebacterium vitarumen) was used as the original strain, which was isolated from spinach leaves. The result indicated that its optimal condition induced by DES should be 2% 60min, 3% 40min and 4% 20min. The optimal condition of strain Y-3 induced by UV light was tested to be 5cm 8min, 10cm 20min and 15cm 30min. Thirteen mutants were obtained, among which seven mutants were proved to degrade cypermethrin on a higher level, compared with their original strain. Three of those mutants were tested to have hereditary stability to degrade cypermethrin.

  A Primary study on the ecology of Psammosilene tunicoides W. C. Wu et C. Y. Wu 2009, 25 (18):  367-371.  Abstract + ( 1044 )   PDF ( 546993KB )   ( 727 ) Abstract: The growing ecological conditions of Psammosilene tunicoides in part of northwest Yunnan and surrounding area were investigated. Results showed that Psammosilene tunicoides usually emerges open area to a certain extent of gravel or limestones brea at the altitude of 2400 m to 3400 m, where the soil is usually compaction and dry red soil or yellow-sand soil with poor manure. The soil, humidity and temperature are key factors for its distribution. The accumulation of ecological knowledge is helpful for its domestication and GAP.

  Research on Survey and Contermeasure of Ecological Civilization Consciousness in Socialis New Village 2009, 25 (18):  372-377.  Abstract + ( 1331 )   PDF ( 553649KB )   ( 605 ) Consciousness of ecological civilization is the impetus and precondition in construction of the Based on the connotation of ecological civilization society. Taking Shandong Province for ecample,we have investigated on the 34 experimental villages and 51 comparison villages in 17 cities of Shandong Province .The whole contents include Consciousness of ecological civilization,awareness of the people , ecological civilization behave,estimation and expection of ecological civilization construction.The results indicates that in Shandong Province experemental villages have elevated than before and haven’t changed into personal actions,ecological civilization conscienous still need to elevate next decades.

  Study on the Nitrate Content and the Influence Factors of Groundwater in Ningxia JIA Xiao-Fang 2009, 25 (18):  378-383.  Abstract + ( 1239 )   PDF ( 591213KB )   ( 797 ) The groundwater nitrate concentration and their influence factors under different cropping systems are studied in this paper, the quality of groundwater in Ningxia is evaluated. The result indicates that there are obvious differences in the content of nitrate in the groundwater under different cropping systems. Among them, Orchard>Greenhouse Vegetable>Grape>Forest land>Wheat-corn>Paddy rice>Saline and alkali land. The average content of nitrate in the groundwater is all lower than 20mg?L-1, which all meet the groundwater quality standard Ⅲ. The content of nitrate corresponding orchard in the groundwater is the highest, the average is 7.94mg?L-1, the lowest of the content of nitrate in the groundwater corresponds saline and alkali land, the average is 0.74 mg?L-1. As we've seen, the quality situation of groundwater in Ningxia is optimistic, but individual areas approach to pollution level. If not take the measures to prevent and control, the situation will deteriorate. The nitrate contents of the groundwater have no obvious regularity along with the burying depth, which may be affected by textures of local soil or recharge ways of groundwater. It also may be associated with places and numbers of sampling points.

  Evaluation of different sampling methods on the genetic diversity of wheat germplasm 2009, 25 (18):  388-393.  Abstract + ( 1124 )   PDF ( 525746KB )   ( 619 ) Abstract: The population was constructed using 733 wheat germplasm originating from 6 countries including China, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Netherlands and Chile. We evaluated the effect of 19 different sampling methods on traits means, variance coefficients and diversity index using country as subgroup. The results indicated that there were no significant effect on trait means and variance coefficient when the sample size below 60 using equilibrium sampling method, while there were significant effect on diversity index. There were no significant effect on means, variance coefficients and diversity index when the sampling size bigger than 120. Increasing sample size can reduce the effect of sampling method on variance coefficients and diversity index when the sample size above 150. Decreasing the ratio of subgroup difference can reduce the effect of disequilibrium sampling method on variance coefficients and diversity index when the sample size between 90 and 150. The effect was small to the means, variance coefficients and diversity index when the number of subgroup above 20. The accuracy can be improved by increasing the number of subgroup.

  Influence of Different Vegetation on Soil Organic Matter Content in Karst Rocky Desertification Region, Guangxi Province 2009, 25 (18):  394-398.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 562784KB )   ( 723 ) Taking experimental and mathematical statistics method, the soil organic matter content (SOM) and relevance between SOM and other soil fertility factors were comparative analysis. The result showed that the influence of different vegetation and different restoration patterns on SOM content are different, the relevance of vegetation types and SOM content is extremely significant. Native species play a very important role in eco-restoration of karst rocky desertification. The SOM content of the plots which dominant species is Pteroceltis tatarinowii are obviously higher than that of the primeval forest and any other plots. The SOM content of other native trees, such as Platycladus orientalis, Zenia insignis, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Vitex negundo, etc. plots are higher than that of the alien species, such as Pinus eliottii, Eucalyptus robusta plots. With the recover time increase, the SOM content also has the increase trend. But, after 50 years, the SOM content of the primeval forest plots decreased slightly. Base on the analysis related, some suggestion, such as rational allocating species, pay attention to local plants, full account of eco-economic benefits in karst rocky desertification management, etc. were put forward by the authors.

  Establishment and Optimization of SRAP Reaction System in Longan 2009, 25 (18):  409-412.  Abstract + ( 1453 )   PDF ( 4328536KB )   ( 582 ) To establish appropriate longan SRAP-PCR reaction system, factors that affected the amplified result of SRAP such as amounts of DNA and Taq DNA polymerase, concentrations of Mg2+, dNTP and primer were studied by staged optimization method. Reaction system suitable for SRAP analysis was established. The reaction mixture (25μl) contained, 1 ×PCR Buffer, 2.0mmol/L Mg2+, 0.5 mmol/L dNTPs, 0.3μmol/L primer, 10 ng DNA template, and 1.5 U Taq DNA polymerase. The results showed the reaction system could meet SRAP amplification requirement of longan genome, and SRAP marker for longan genetic study was feasible.

  Study on Cryopreservation of Hevea Callis 2009, 25 (18):  413-416.  Abstract + ( 1339 )   PDF ( 1172450KB )   ( 530 )

  An improved method of extracting genomic DNA from Warm season Turfgrass 2009, 25 (18):  417-419.  Abstract + ( 1312 )   PDF ( 1671073KB )   ( 688 ) Genome DNA was extracted by the inproved method from leaves of Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers,Zoysia spp,Eremorchloa ophiuroides.The detection performed on a nucleic acids and protein analyzer showed that A260/A280 were situated between1.74~1.98,A260/A230 were ranged from 1.74 to 1.99.The extracted products had a bright band and without tailing bands which could be observed through agar gel electrophoresis. These results showed that genomic DNA obtained by optimum methodWhich had a good integrity and high purity,and could be used in each kind of molecular biology research.

  Wheat production and fertilizers application in Henan province 2009, 25 (18):  426-430.  Abstract + ( 1754 )   PDF ( 491266KB )   ( 757 ) In order to understand the wheat production and fertilizer application in Henan province, more than 20 counties and 452 farmers were investigated through questionnaire method , the results showed that wheat yield between 6000-7500kg/hm2 taken up the maximal proportion, being 49.77％, while wheat yield higher than 7500 kg/hm2 and lower than 4500 kg/hm2 taken up 13.53％and 12.39％. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer on wheat changed from 3.9-861 kg N/hm2 , averaged 234.6 kg/hm2, nitrogen fertilizer applied as a base fertilizer totally accounted for 54.44% of the investigated samples, the proportion of base fertilizer less than 40% of the sample accounted for 29.11%.The amount of phosphate fertilizer changed from 15.5-362.1kg P2O5/hm2, the average amount is 75.2 kg/hm2; Changes in the amount of potassium is in the 2.7-400.5 kg K2O/hm2, the average amount is 70.7 kg K2O/hm2. The wheat yield has significant relationship with the total nutrient and the amount of phosphate fertilizer, but has no significant relationship with the amount of potassium fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer. PFP on nitrogen fertilizer changed between 15-30 kg/kg ,taken up the maximal proportion of 32.26%, 30-45 kg/kg taken up 26.96%; PFP of phosphate fertilizer between 45-75kg/kg taken up the maximal proportion of 38.30%, 75-105kg/kg taken up proportion of 29.24%; PFP on potassium fertilizer between 45-75kg/kg taken up the maximal proportion of 32.30%, 75-105kg/kg taken up proportion of 27.95%.It suggested that there existed big difference between various farmers for wheat yield ,fertilizer rate and fertilizer use efficiency.

  Analysis of China's Rural Informationization Strategy 2009, 25 (18):  431-434.  Abstract + ( 1085 )   PDF ( 484384KB )   ( 583 ) Rural informationization， not only a process of the use of information technology to promote rural economic and social development but also the development trend of World agriculture, plays an important role in promoting China's rural modernization. On the basis of China's national conditions, the paper analyses the problems which existed in the countryside informationization construction, discusses the strategy of rural informationization from the guiding ideology, the basic principles and the major tasks, and put forward several proposals.

  The flue-cured tobacco disperses the leaf stack type curing techniques research Ⅰ- different stack way roasting effect 2009, 25 (18):  435-438.  Abstract + ( 1306 )   PDF ( 530123KB )   ( 771 ) In order to explore the flue-cured tobacco to disperse the leaf curing techniques, Tries to find out being suitable the stack way, Has carried on this experiment, The result indicated: Installs the flue-cured tobacco basket、Solid the flue-cured tobacco frame with Random stacking mode in three stack ways, Installs the flue-cured basket way to be advantageous to the leaf tobacco roasting quality enhancement, The appearance quality with hangs the bamboo pole way not to have the difference, The body is moderate, The orange smoke are many, On the medium smoke proportion is 91.87%, Compared to hangs the bamboo pole way high 0.49 percentage point, variegated and slick proportion is low, The fresh leaf and dry leaf's ratio is small, The even price is 12.85 Yuan /Kg, Compared to hung the bamboo pole way to enhance 3.05%, After the roasting, the leaf tobacco chemical composition is more coordinated, The starch content is low, The return to original state sugar content is high, smoke alkali content being suitable, Bakes in the process to dehydrate the speed with to the hanging pole means to be close; Solid the flue-cured tobacco frame curing quality Slightly worse than the hanging pole means; Random stacking mode difficult due to dehydration is not conducive to improving the quality of tobacco curing.

  Study on the Effect of Magnetized Astraglan and Astragalin on Chicken Lymphocyte Transforming 2009, 25 (18):  443-446.  Abstract + ( 1034 )   PDF ( 506667KB )   ( 442 ) Chicken lymphocyte transforming experiments were carried out using astrglan and astragalin magnetized by invariableness magnetic fields. The results show that the T and B lymphopoiesis induced by ConA and LPS respectively were evidently promoted by astrglan and astragalin with determinate magnetization parameters. The best magnetization parameters for T and B lymphopoiesis are different. The efficacy improvements have no obvious inerratic relations with the intensity and time of magnetization. “Window effect” is presented in these experiments.

  Effects of temperature on protein denaturation rate of oyster during frozen storage 2009, 25 (18):  447-451.  Abstract + ( 1002 )   The changes of Ca2+-ATPase activities and EPN contents in oyster were studied during storage at three different temperatures（-10±1℃、-15±1℃、-20±1℃）. The kinetics models of protein denaturation were established to correlate protein denaturation rate with temperature and time, and the changing equation of oysters’ protein denaturation system was set up during frozen storage. Results showed that: The changes of Ca2+-ATPase activities and EPN contents accorded with first order reaction kinetics model, and protein denaturation was related to temperature and time during frozen storage. The decreasing tendency of Ca2+-ATPase activities and EPN contents was uniform with the increasing of temperature and time. The result of protein denaturation was less at lower temperature than that at higher one. The changing equation of protein denaturation could describe the changes of frozen oysters’ qualities effectively within the range of experiment.

  A Preliminary Study on Determination of Biomass of the Phytal Meiofauna 2009, 25 (18):  452-456.  Abstract + ( 1214 )   PDF ( 538684KB )   ( 658 ) To study determination of the meiofaunal biomass, the phytal meiofauna of the two species on seaweeds was surveyed from October to December 2004 at rocky intertidal zone in Taipingjiao Qingdao. The biomass of each meiofauna group was estimated; at the same time the dry weight and the ATP content of the dominant species of nematodes was measured. Twelve meiofauna groups were collected from the two species of seaweeds in total, of which nematodes and copepods were the dominant groups. The abundance and biomass of the phytal meiofauna was 518.95 inds./g algae and 1270.05 μg/g algae on the average, respectively. The values of dry weight of the different nematodes species ranged from 0.14 to 32.65μg/ind., the ATP content from 1.18 to 297.64 ng/ind., the ratio of Carbon/ATP from 43:1 to 99:1.

  Study of Lymphocystis Disease Virus Infected to Flounder Gill Cell Line 2009, 25 (18):  457-460.  Abstract + ( 1147 )   PDF ( 965226KB )   ( 700 ) Abstract: Lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV), the causative agent of the lymphocystis disease, has resulted in a great economic loss in marine culture industry and become factor restricting aquaculture development. In this article, Flounder gill cell line (FG-9307) was used to confirm susceptive to LCDV. LCDV viral suspension was separated from lymphocystis cells of diseased flounder Paralichthys olivaceus by cell disruption, centrifugation. After passed through 0.45μm filter, the virus suspension was inoculated with FG-9307 cells cultured in 96-well plates. 1-2 days later, FG cells exhibit cytopathic effect (CPE). Indirect immunofluorescence assay test (IFAT) was employed to detect viral infected by using monoclonal antibodies against LCDV. The results of IFAT showed that LCDV was located at the cell membrance immediately after post infection, and then it reached strongest positive in cytosol after post inoculation 48-72 hours. These date proved that FG-9307 cell line was susceptive to LCDV.

  Evaluation of Global Bioenergy Resources 2009, 25 (18):  466-470.  Abstract + ( 883 )   PDF ( 513744KB )   ( 927 ) Following with the increasingly outstanding imbalance between supply and demand of global energy, great expectation has being placed on all kinds of new energy, one of which is bioenergy. Development of bioenergy is beneficial to ensuring energy security, cultivating new points of economic growth and promoting rural living standard. But then, unreasonable exploitation of bioenergy resources might threaten corn food security and lead to unfavorable influence on ecological environment. In this paper, systematic evaluation was made on global bioenergy resources, and drew the conclusion that the current bioenergy development model which has to take corns as its raw material are unsustainable, and cellulosic ethanol technology, the 2nd biofuel technology, which is free from corns should be encouraged.

  The Establish and Development Path of Medicinal Fruit Tree in Fujian Province was Gain Enlightenment from the Successful Experience of Lloquat Industry Chain in Butian 2009, 25 (18):  478-483.  Abstract + ( 1195 )   PDF ( 631832KB )   ( 692 ) Abstract: Based on the analysis on the successful experience from loquat industrial chain in Butian, this paper suggested that the industrial chain of medical fruit tree in Fujian shall develop towards the goal in combination with scale, compartmentalization and specialization. The industrial chain shall be extended by intensive and deep process. The products can be distributed in a variety of forms such as fresh food, health food and medicines etc. The formation, development and expansion of industrial chain would promote the development of relevant industries, thus improving the industrial benefit, social benefit and economic benefit.

  The countryside vocational education development difficult problem carefully examines with the way choice LI Wen_Zheng 2009, 25 (18):  484-488.  Abstract + ( 930 )   PDF ( 463226KB )   ( 499 ) Communist Party of China's 17 session of Third Session through "the Central Committee of the CCP about Advances Countryside Reform To develop Certain Major issue Decision" to point out that, must develop the rural education vigorously, the promotion education is fair, improves the farmer scientific culture quality, the cultivation literacy, understands the new peasant who the technology, can manage.Speeds up popularizes the countryside high school stage education, speeds up with emphasis develops the countryside medium vocational education and implements gradually free.The perfect county territory vocational education training network, strengthens farmer skill training, widely trains the countryside practical talented person.Therefore, current explores the countryside vocational education development positively the strategy and way watershed.

  Analysis of the Influencing Factors of the Income of the Farmers in China——A Case Study in Xinjiang 2009, 25 (18):  489-493.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   PDF ( 557510KB )   ( 1298 ) Problem of increasing the income of the farmers is an important aspect of issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area.It is of great significance to find influencing factors of the income of the farmers and thus to find ways to increase the income of the farmers.Empirical analysis and C-D function are used in the case study in Xinjiang.It proves that agricultural income plays an important part in the income of the farmers.At the same time,the level of education of labor force,the degree of agricultural mechanization and the factor inputs in agricultural production also contribute to the income of the farmers much.It is highly proposed to speed up the pace of urbanization and to develop the secondary industry and tertiary industry vigorously.To develop the education and to increase the investment in agriculture are also highly recommended.Only when we find the problem-oriented solutions can we increase the income of the farmers effectively. Key words: The income of the farmers; Influencing factors; Xinjiang; C-D function

  Valley Economy Development in Beijing Mountain Region 2009, 25 (18):  500-503.  Abstract + ( 1085 )   PDF ( 495594KB )   ( 724 )

  Scientific and Technological Progress Promoting the Sustainable Development of Land Resources of TaiHang Mountainous Areas in Hebei 2009, 25 (18):  504-506.  Abstract + ( 883 )   PDF ( 432315KB )   ( 463 ) Sustainable development of land resources, including of the economic, ecological and social respects, is the basic content of sustainable development strategy. Science and technology is an important support and a favourable means to promote the sustainable development of land resources. On the basis of the facing main problems of the sustainable development of land resources in Hebei TaiHang mountainous areas, this paper puts forward some measures depending on scientific and technological progress