Abstract: This article analyzed 16 winter wheat varieties which tested in the state dry-land variety-examination in 1997~1998. The result shows that there is always positive correlation between yield and yield components ,its sequence is: grain number＞1000-grain weight＞spike number. The sequence of direct path coefficient is :grain number＞spike number ＞1000-grain weight. Then , during breeding of dry-land wheat , we should coordinate the relationship ,and base on certain population spike , emphasize the characters of grain number and 1000-grain weight.