Abstract: [Abstract] Objective：To provide a scientific basis for the protection of medicinal peony resources and good breeding by studying the pollination characteristic of Chinese Medicine “Radix Paeoniae Alba. Method:To compare different ways to deal with the average fructication rate and seed quality by 11 different pollination methods.Result:Peony is kind of cross-pollination with weak capability of selfing; Paeonia of cross-pollination coming from different plants can increase the peony fructication rate of 3 times,the natural growth of flowers given to pollinate fructication rate can increase nearly 4 times; The average fruction rate of no-pollination is 0.17%, the average fruction rate of cross pollination in one flower is 0.84%,and The average fruction rate of cross pollination in one plant is 1.16%; Emasculation and Corolla to deal with the results of peony show to the main cross-pollination, at the same time in the Corolla pollination also play a strong role.Conclusion: Peony is kind of cross-pollination with weak capability of selfing,but no apomixes was found; Paeonia of cross-pollination coming from different plants can increase the peony fructication rate; At the same time, the reasons of Peony low rate give a preliminary analysis.