Abstract: In order to exploring correlation of aerial part traits and root traits of rice in cold region at different growth stage, 3 super rice varieties and 3 common varieties of Heilongjiang province were tested in this study by field experiment。The results indicated that root length was positive correlation with seed setting rate, length and diameter of each internode, seed number per ear and number of first stalk per ear at each stage; volume of root was negative correlation with seed number per ear, plant height, number of the first and the second stalk per ear, respectively at tilling stage, but which was positive correlation after booting stage; dry matter weight was super significant negative correlation with number of panicle (r=-0.92**), and which was super significant positive correlation with seed number per ear, number of the first stalk and seed number of the first stalk. The root/shoot ratio was significant positive correlation with yield (r=0.84*～0.96**).