Abstract: Abstract: The aim of the study is to help the big farming household, the basic agricultural technicians and the agricultural chemical management staff to identify the main diseases and pests of rice, choose the right chemical properly to raise the control effect, simultaneously harvest safe rice. In this study we intend to through investigate and observe the diseases and pests along with theirs symptoms in the field, and take digital photos of characteristics of the pests, as well as theirs damage symptoms; based on the predecessors experience, analyzed the damaged features and differences of the different pests and diseases, a binary tree structural retrieval table was formed on the basis of pests damages on the different section of plants, then, compare field damages with the digital photos and make verification, forming self-service rice pests retrieval model. The feature of this new retrieval method is easy to understand and operate, this very model is more appropriate to real production, the basic workers would accept it happily and use it easily, while compare to the previous retrieval model that pests and diseases are separate and mainly based on the adult features, so as to identify the abnormal quickly and make diagnosis personally, at the same time, enhance the accuracy of the diagnosis of diseases and pests, and then, carry out prevention purposely.