Abstract: Effects of compound pollution of Pb and Cd on soil and physiological and biochemistrical Characteristics of rice Leaves were studied by pot experiment with cultivating rice. The results showed that, compound pollution of Pb and Cd led to a significant reduction in soil pH; Soil organic matter contents declined significantly at low concentrations and then increased with the degree of heavy metal pollution for Y, and it did not change significantly under low contaminated ,and then significantly reduced for T; SPAD has significantly reduced under compound pollution of Pb and Cd except for that SPAD has significantly increased under low contaminated at tillering stage for Y, SPAD values decreased significantly in high concentrations at tillering stage, increased significantly with the levels of heavy metal pollution at booting stage, reduced significantly at filling stage. Antioxidant enzyme activities in rice leaves increased in the low degree of Lead and Cadmium pollution and decreased under High levels of pollution , POD has a strong sensitivity to has a strong sensitivity to than SOD; It showed a positive correlation between MDA content and the degree of pollution with lead and cadmium.