Current issue

• 2010 Vol.26 No.18 Published:20 September 2011

  Expression in Pichia pastoris and biological activity characterization of recombinant chicken IL-2 2010, 26 (18):  1-5.  Abstract + ( 1380 )   PDF ( 1024152KB )   ( 1387 ) Chicken IL-2 is an key cytokine for immunity. Removed the signal peptide by PCR，chIL-2 gene fragments (387bp) was connected to the pPICZαA expression vector and transformed to Pichia pastoris GS115 by electroporation. SDS-PAGE and Western Blot analysis showed that chIL-2(17.8kD) was successfully expressed and secreted by positive strains induced by 1% methanol. The chIL-2, which was purified by Ni-NTA His Bind column chromatography with 250mM imidazole elution buffer, had significant biological activity to promote lymphocyte proliferation, which provides the experimental basis for the further research on chIL-2 as a kind of immune adjuvant.

  Progress in hepatitis B virus 2010, 26 (18):  6-11.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 636129KB )   ( 1387 ) Hepatits B virus (Hepatitis B Virus, HBV) is known as one of the smallest animal DNA viruses ,It can cause Hepatitis B,which is widely disseminated and seriously infectious diseases.At present, there are about 400 million people worldwide carrying HBV, in an average about one million people of the infected people will die from HBV-related liver cancer in a year. In China, about 50 million people die from the advanced liver cirrhosis and liver cancer caused by HBV infection.We summarize the characteristics , genome structure, variation and classification, replication model and transcription model,pathogenesis, detection of indicators of hepatitis B virus,.and intend to give some hints to the futher study of HBV.

  Generation and Immunological Traits of Monoclonal Antibody for Ciprofloxacin 2010, 26 (18):  12-16.  Abstract + ( 1306 )   PDF ( 812386KB )   ( 1072 ) The Ciprofloxacin (Ciprofloxacin, CIP) was conjugated to carrier protein BSA and OVA by EDC to obtain the artificial and coating antigen . The ultraviolet scanning and SDS-PAGE were used to identify Ciprofloxacin artificial antigen. BALB/c mice were immunized with BSA-CIP. The titer of polyclonal antibody (pAb) was detected by indirect ELISA and blocking ELISA after three times immunization. The high titer, sensitive and specific mouse was selected for cell fusing. The hybridoma lines that secrete CIP mAb were established with using monoclonal antibody hybridoma technology and the immunological characteristics such as titer, sensitivity and specificity of the mAb were characterized. SDS-PAGE results showed that CIP artificial antigen was synthesized successfully. Three BALB/c mice indirect ELISA titer against CIP were all above 10-4 and the IC50 of No. 2 mice was 48.59μg/L. Two hybridoma cell lines of Z3G12B3 and Z2H8C10 were screened for specificity to CIP after cell fusing, the indirect ELISA titer of the mAb were 1:512 in supernatant, 1:2.56×105 in ascites, the mAb of Z3G12B3 showed good sensitivity with an IC50 of 2.47μg/L to CIP, had less than 0.03％cross-reactivity with sarafloxacin and difloxacin, and no cross-reactivity to other compounds. The high-titer, sensitive and specific CIP mAb has been generated and laid a solid foundation for the CIP ELISA kit and strip.

  Effect of Different Cryoprotectants on the Cryopreservation Quality of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Cryopreservation Quality of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells 2010, 26 (18):  17-21.  Abstract + ( 1258 )   PDF ( 843431KB )   ( 1295 ) This paper was aimed to search an optimal cryoprotectant for improving the cryopreservation quality of bovine mammary epithelial cells. The following 10 kinds of different ingredients of cryoprotectant were added to the fifth generation of BMECs respectively, group A: 85% DMEM +10% FBS +5% DMSO; group B: 80% DMEM +10% FBS +10% DMSO; group C: 75% DMEM +10% FBS +15% DMSO; group D: 70% DMEM +10% FBS +20% DMSO; group E: 85% DMEM +5% FBS +10% DMSO; group F: 75% DMEM +15% FBS +10% DMSO; group G: 70% DMEM +20% FBS +10% DMSO; group H: 80% DMEM +10% FBS +10% glycerol; group I: 70% DMEM +10% FBS +20 % glycerol; group J: 60% DMEM +10% FBS +30% glycerol, adjust the cell density to 1 × 106 /mL before cryopreservation.After the cell recovery , the survival and apoptosis rate of cells were calculated by trypan blue staining and PI/Hoechst33258 double staining respectively . Results indicated that the BMECs in these groups showed different levels of viability, morphology, and apoptosis after recovery. The vitality and 24 h adhering rate of group B and G was higher than that in other groups.Furthermore , the apoptosis rate of them were lower and there were no significant difference between them(P >0.05).After passage, the cells of group B grew the best.

  Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the Complete Genome of Porcine Circovirus Type 1 Tianjin Strain 2010, 26 (18):  22-26.  Abstract + ( 1555 )   PDF ( 933325KB )   ( 937 ) Abstract: 【OBJECTIVE】To isolate and clone one porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) strain from Tianjin, and analyze its genome sequence. 【METHOD】A pair of primers for porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) was designed according to its sequences available in GenBank, the genome sequence of one PCV1 isolate was amplified by PCR assay with the tissues of the clinical diseased from a pig farm in Tianjin. Then, the complete genome of the PCV1 isolate was cloned, sequenced and analyzed. 【RESULTS】The genome sequence results showed that this genome is 1759 nt in size, and shared more than 98.2% identity of nucleotide with other PCV1 isolates selected from the GenBank. The sequences of the main open reading frame (ORF) revealed that there were about 97.5%~99.8% and 92.7%~99.9% identity of nucleotide in the ORF1 and ORF2 among the selected PCV1 isolates respectively. 【CONCLUSION】The present study indicated that there was a geographical correlation among the PCV1 isolates, although the nucleotide identity of the genomes and main ORFs of the selected PCV1 isolates was relatively high.

  Effects of Mixed Ratio on Efficiency of Mixed Silage of Water Hyacinth and Corn Straw 2010, 26 (18):  32-34.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   PDF ( 542871KB )   ( 980 ) For the purpose of producing high quality silage, water hyacinth silage and water hyacinth & corn straw mixed silage were studied. Water hyacinth & corn straw were mixed into 5 silages with their weight ratio of 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and 40:60, besides water hyacinth silage. Each treatment was two repeats. Silage were fermented for 60 days under normal temperature. Then the pH value, dry matter rate（DMR）, gas loss rate（GLR）,ammonia nitrogen（NH3-N）, and other items were measured. The result showed that the pH values of all the 5 mixed silages were lower than water hyacinth silage. (P<0.01), the pH value of the mixed silage 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and 40:60 was lower than 4.2, and their NH3-N value was significantly lower than water hyacinth silage（P<0.01）. That means that the treatment of adding corn straw to water hyacinth could help to make high quality silage.

  Genetic Effects of Nucleotide Variations in Ri-zhao Lang-ya Chicken PRL Gene on Broodiness Traits 2010, 26 (18):  35-38.  Abstract + ( 1466 )   PDF ( 793857KB )   ( 888 ) Abstrict: 【OBJECTIVE】 Detected the variation of prolactin genes and analyze its association with Ri-zhao Lang-ya chicken broodiness traits will established the rationale basic.【METHOD】The primers of PRL were designed to amplify the 5’ control region of PRL gene of Ri-zhao Lang-ya chickens and PCR-SSCP technique was used to detect the polymorphism existed in the herd. PCR products were detected and the SNPs in the test population was analyzed to investigate the relationship between the different gene types and broodiness traits.【RESULTS】 Three genotypes of PRL were founded in the Ri-zhao Lang-ya chicken herd. The relationship between gene types of AA, AB, and BB with their broodiness traits was significant（P>0.05）. Thus AA Gene type has the lowest broodiness traits than that of AB and BB, and there are no significant difference between gene types of AB and BB.【CONCLUSION】The achievements of the study allow us to accelerate the poultry breeding progress against broodiness to enhance egg production and breeding ability by increasing the frequency of A gene, and therefore to better preserve and utilize local avian genetic resources.

  Analysis of Pathogeny of Reproductive Disorder of Sows 2010, 26 (18):  39-42.  Abstract + ( 1260 )   PDF ( 558417KB )   ( 1407 ) Abstract: According to comprehensive analysis on nonproductive sow days and economic profit, longevity of breeding sows are influenced by a wide variety of factors, the most important of which is reproductive disorder. In this study，the author reviewed the effect of nutrition (feeding level, feed quality, weaning age), environment (temperature, humidity, ventilation, photoperiod), diseases, technology and management on the reproductive performance of sows.

  Genetic Structure and Diversity among Pinellia ternata Revealed by RAPD Markers 2010, 26 (18):  43-47.  Abstract + ( 1427 )   PDF ( 802205KB )   ( 922 ) Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker was occupied to study on the genetic diversity of 24 Pinellia ternata germplasm resources from16 main distribution provinces. The results showed .that at species level polymorphic loci percentage (PPL) is 68.77%, Nei 'S gene diversity index (He) 0.2062. At population level, PPL varied from 9.88% to 58.02%, with the average value 27.21% and groups of genetic differentiation factor (GST) is 0.5282, population gene flow (Nm) 0.4466. The results of cluster analysis based on UPGMA revealed that when similar coefficient of 0.896, 24 populations can be divided into five material groups.

  Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) analysis of Dangshansu pear sports “97-05-9” 2010, 26 (18):  48-53.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 1696084KB )   ( 952 ) Abstract: In this study ,The genetic relationship of 37 pear germplasm resources was evaluated by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA（RAPD）technique. 27 arbitrary primers used in the study were screened from 80 ones. According to the data of RAPD-PCR, the cluster analysiswas done by the SPSS 11?0 forW indows.The result of cluster analysis showed that there were significant genetic differences among the different pear cultivars , the relationship between Dangshansu pear and their sports “97-05-9” was so close that they were clustered in the same groups,, and 18 characteristic bands between “Dangshansu peaf”and “97-05-9”were amplified in 14 primers by RAPD-PCR.

  Cryopreservation of in vitro-grown shoot tips of raspberry by encapsulation vitrification 2010, 26 (18):  59-62.  Abstract + ( 1535 )   PDF ( 665392KB )   ( 1104 ) Abstract: This study was aimed to establish efficient raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cryopreservation procedure based on encapsulation-vitrification. In vitro-grown shoot tips of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) as materal, the effect of different factor relate to survival were explored. The result was as followed: Excised shoot tips were encapsulated into alginated-gel beads. Then alginate-coated shoot tips were precultured on MS basal medium supplemented with sucrose at 0.9mol/L in a stepwise way. After preculture, encapsulated shoot tips were loaded with a mixture of 2 mol/L glycerol plus 0.9mol/L sucrose for 90 min. Following loading, encapsulated shoot tips were dehydrated with vitrification solution (PVS2 solution for 180min at 0℃), and then plunged directly into liquid nitrogen for 1h. After rapid warming in water for about 3 min at 40℃, the shoot tips were rinsed with MS medium containing 1.0mol/L sucrose for 20 min, and then cultured on the resumed medium in dark prior to exposure to the light. Successfully vitrified shoot tips resumed growth and developed shoots within 30d without intermediary callus formation. This simple protocol was successfully applied to the 6 cultivars. The average rate of survival was 87%.The result provided a feasible proof of raspberry conservation through cryopreservation of in vitro shoot-tips by vitrification for long term.

  Effects of PEG on Somatic Embryogenesis of Variegated Alfalfa and Cytological Observation of Somatic Embryo 2010, 26 (18):  63-66.  Abstract + ( 1385 )   PDF ( 7842543KB )   ( 907 ) The callus induced from the hypocotyl in Medicago varia cv. Gannong No.1, was cultured in the UM medium supplied with the PEG6000 of various concentrations, NAA (0.1mg/L) and KT (0.5mg/L), to induce the somatic embryos. Then the study on effect of PEG6000 on the somatic embryogenesis and observation on cytological structure of embryo were carried out in this paper. The results show that, the regeneration medium with proper concentration of PEG6000 are advantageous to somatic embryogenesis, the highest frequency of somatic embryogenesis appeared in regeneration medium with 6%PEG6000; via observed the paraffin sections, we found forming a whole somatic embryo will go through four developing phases, heart-shape embryo, torpedo embryo and cotyledon-shape embryo.

  Analysis the male's heredity of hybrids F1 from different S.spontaneum 2010, 26 (18):  67-70.  Abstract + ( 1216 )   PDF ( 611085KB )   ( 918 ) In order to know the genetic relationship of progenies from 15 cross combinations got by sexual hybridization (CYG82-114、 CYG No.1、 CYG83-184、CYG82-25、 CYG82-160 and CRG No.3 were selected as male parent ,Baimei sugarcane、CYT 93-159 et al as female parent), 140 progenies were identified by SSR markers, the result showed 109 clones were true hybrids progenies and 27 clones are false progenies, 4 clones belong to self-fertility progenies. According to fathership genetic evaluations, the progenies of 12 cross combinations ( more than 6 clones at least) liked male parent, their band rate account for the band from male parent range from 33.33% -86.67%,and represented low gene heterozygosity, at the same time, they possess relative high genetic rates of male parent.

  Analysis of the protein content genetic stability of transgenic wheat 2010, 26 (18):  71-74.  Abstract + ( 1237 )   PDF ( 568550KB )   ( 896 ) Abstract：The method of low energy ion beam-mediated transformation was adopted to transfer the soybean DNA into two wheat varieties ‘Zhongyu 5’and ‘Huaiyin 9628’.The results suggested that 114 high-protein individuals (protein content >15%) were obtained from T1, and the highest protein content reached 21.44%. The protein content of wheat individuals was greatly increased. The high-protein character could be mostly inherited from T1 to T3, and the character of some lines in T3 was stable basically. It was showed that the method of low energy ion beam-mediated transformation obviously enhanced the transgene and mutagenic effect, and the variant character could be inherited stably. So this method may become to a most efficient way to realize the breakthough of wheat breeding.

  The Advances on Seed Germination, Cell Culture and chemical constituents of Leonurus 2010, 26 (18):  75-78.  Abstract + ( 1586 )   PDF ( 566827KB )   ( 1075 ) The standard of seed germination, karyotype, cell culture and suspension culture, active ingredients its introduction and cultivation of Leonurus cardiaca L. and medicinal plants of Leonurus was discussed systematically in the thesis. The resources of medicinal plants of Leonurus was very rich with a variety of chemical active ingredients and pharmacological activity, has broad prospects for application of value. But its tissue culture and cell suspension culture was reported less and its study on improving content of active ingredients using of tissue culture plant need be explorated further and speed up the research. The thesis provided reference for a more rational and effective use of motherwort and medicinal plants of Leonurus.

  Study on Technology System Built for cDNA- AFLP of Wheat 2010, 26 (18):  79-81.  Abstract + ( 1444 )   PDF ( 929519KB )   ( 946 ) cDNA-AFLP is considered as the most powerful mRNA fingerprinting technique，and it’s high reliability and powerful approach in detecting polymorphism loci. The technique can be amplified analyze many cDNA fragment of restrictied and it requires no prior sequence characterization of the target genome. Using wheat of planted variety as materials ,it was studied and detailed description of key technique of cDNA-AFLP technique,and the technique system was built.

  Effects of humidification withering on the bitterness and astringency of oolong tea 2010, 26 (18):  82-86.  Abstract + ( 1295 )   PDF ( 753202KB )   ( 1050 ) For the purpose of degrading the bitterness and astringency of summer oolong tea, the Effects of a new processing technique on the bitterness and astringency of oolong tea was studied. Utilizing two tea plant cultivars of Baxian and Dancong as materials, humidification withering was conducted by sprayed water on the tender shoots(the water amount 6%、9%、12%、15%、18% tender shoots weight, respectively), and then oolong tea was produced by conventional processing. The effects of new humidification withering technique on the bitterness and astringency of summer oolong tea were probed. The results showed that: the quality of oolong tea from 15%、18% humidification withering technique were significantly improved, humidification withering technique degraded the bitterness & astringency of oolong tea 3-4 level.

  Studies on the brewing process of dry fruit wine from jinqiu pears 2010, 26 (18):  87-91.  Abstract + ( 1252 )   PDF ( 713211KB )   ( 1002 ) The Flesh texture of Jinqiu pears is very tasting and refreshing ,which contains rich nutrition and protein. But Jinqiu pears can not be stored and kept fresh for a long time because high temperature in harvesting season. We can reduce losses, increase revenue and form industrialization and scale group by studying on brewing process. Electing fresh fruits at appropriate maturing stage and choosing fine strains of yeast with high ethanol volume score and the best clarifying method, we can produce dry fruit wine with low alcohol by fermentation. The study shows that Jinqiu pears juices ferment at high speeds, wine liquid is transparent and tasteful, when we use New Zealand Kiwifruit wine yeast and the fermentation temperature is at 25-30℃.

  Preparation and Analysis of Edible Film with Soybean Isolated Protein 2010, 26 (18):  92-95.  Abstract + ( 1300 )   PDF ( 618560KB )   ( 1056 ) Using soy bean isolate (SPI) as materials，the effects of the content of SPI、SPI/Glycerol、pH value and temperature on edible film with soybean isolated protein was studied. The results showed that 5% SPI、SPI/Glycerol=5/2、pH9.0、90℃ was the best. The SPI film’s performance under the conditon was water vapor permeability(WVP) is 71.96 g?mm/m2?h?kPa, resistance loading is 16.33N, absorption rate is 0.409%, transmittancy is 64.2%.

  Study on the relationship between petrolum ether extract and moisture retention in tobacco 2010, 26 (18):  96-98.  Abstract + ( 1408 )   PDF ( 621274KB )   ( 1186 ) Based on the test of moisture absorption、moisture desorption equilibrium moisture content, as well as analysis of petrolum ether extract chemical indicators to eighty kinds of domestic and foreign cut tobacco, simple correlation analysis and canonical correlation analysis were used respectably to study the relationship between petrolum ether extract and moisture retention.The experiment results show: the content of petroleum ether extract in different stalk positions cut tobacco: upper>middle>bottom, the content of petroleum ether extract in different type cut tobacco: burley tobacco> oriental tobacco> flue-cured tobacco> red sun-cured tobacco, the content of cut tobacco petroleum ether extract are negatively related to moisture absorption、moisture desorption equilibrium moisture content in tobacco

  Development of Healthy Lotus Root and Dates Jelly 2010, 26 (18):  99-101.  Abstract + ( 1310 )   PDF ( 612824KB )   ( 1001 ) Taking dates and lotus root as raw material, this paper discusses the formula and technology of making Lotus Root and Dates Jelly. Orthogonal experiment gives us the best formula: 100ml red dates juice, 150ml lotus root juice and 1% jelly powder, which can produce beautiful luster, delicate, fragment, sweet and sour suitable healthy lotus root and dates jelly.

  Influence of Fertilization Time on Population Structure and Yield of Different Rice Panicle Type 2010, 26 (18):  102-106.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   PDF ( 757719KB )   ( 957 ) The effects of fertilization time on population structure and yield of different rice panicle type were studied by different fertilization time experiment. The results showed that population structure and yield of rice panicle number type Mudanjiang 19 were the best when fertilizers were applied as base, tillering and granular fertilizer, and the yield was increased by 17.9%-34.3%. But population structure, yield and yield component factors of rice panicle weight type Xixuan 1 were the best when fertilizers were applied as base, tillering, panicle and granular fertilizer, and the yield was increased by 8.3%-22.6%.

  Effect of Different Levels Lodging on Leaf Area Index, Yield and Its Components of Summer Maize 2010, 26 (18):  107-110.  Abstract + ( 1388 )   PDF ( 652304KB )   ( 1094 ) Based on a field experiment and “Zhengdan 958” genotype, the effect of different levels lodging on leaf area index (LAI), yield and its components of summer maize were studied. The results showed that LAI of summer maize gradually reduced, which there was significant different at each treatment, with the gowth period went on. LAI was the smallest under severe lodging (A00) conditions. when the degree of lodging increased, ear length, grains per spike and kernel weight decreased, yield and biological yield reduced; at the same time, yield cut rate increased, A60、A45、A30 and A00 treatment cut 5.8%, 24.3%, 52.2% and 89.9%, respectively, compared with the control treatment without lodging. The results would provide reference for high-yield cultivation of summer maize.

  Effects of different tillage methods on weeds control and yield 2010, 26 (18):  111-115.  Abstract + ( 1321 )   PDF ( 626704KB )   ( 934 ) Abstract: Test in Wuchuan County in Inner Mongolia, the northern foot of dry farmland Yinshan .It carried out by Traditional Tillage as a comparison study of No-tillage, Annual Subsoiling, Annual Asamatsu, Light Rotation ,Subsoiling over year, six tillage treatment on weeds control and oat yield. The results showed that: ① It contains large proportion of monocotyledonous weeds in farmland. mainly Setaria viridis, wild oats, etc., all of them are the grassy weeds, accounting for 81.7%; Others for the dicotyledonous weeds, mainly Salsola, Chenopodium album, Artemisia annua, etc. which contains eight kinds of weeds, accounting for 18.3% of all the weeds. ②No-tillage, Annual subsoiling, Following year subsoiling in the frequency of large weeds, shallow loose and shallow rotary on the weed control is relatively good, no-tillage weed density than shallow loose, the traditional increased 42.4%, 22.1%. ③ Combination of herbicides with different tillage strains of anti-efficiency and the fresh weight control effect of glyphosate are the highest, respectively, 76.3% ~ 82.1% and 79.3% ~ 93.2%. ④ In addition to Light Rotation, all the other farming methods yields were significantly higher than traditional farming.

  Research Advances on Origin and Evolution of Triticum-Aegilops Complex 2010, 26 (18):  116-118.  Abstract + ( 1248 )   PDF ( 703131KB )   ( 1271 ) Abstract: To provide the reference for research and utilization of Triticum-Aegilops complex. The origin and evolution of Triticum-Aegilops complex, and the role of Aegilops on the origin of multiploid wheat were well reviewed in this paper. The donors of B genome in multiploid wheat and that of some genomes in multiploid Aegilops species was still uncertain. Prospect was raised about how to identify the donors of the genomes mentioned above.

  Analysis of logistic regression with reflectance and dry matter accumulation in above-ground part 2010, 26 (18):  119-122.  Abstract + ( 1240 )   PDF ( 553500KB )   ( 974 ) Abstract: 【OBJECTIVE】≈From a statistical point of view of shoot dry weight and leaf reflectance spectral characteristics of the quantitative relationship; 【METHOD】≈The characteristic spectral wavebands for indicating the dry matter accumulation in above-ground part of soybean were determined by analyzing spectra reflectance of near infrared light and visible light, and the prediction model which about vegetation indices and the dry matter accumulation in above-ground part of soybean in different growth stages was established; 【RESULTS】≈The results showed that the corresponding logistic prediction model established by vegetation indices of RDVI（1005,510nm）was y = -295.83Ln(x) - 123.05；【CONCLUSION】≈The Model could be accurate to predict the dry matter accumulation in above-ground part of soybean .

  The study on application conditions and requirements analysis of bamboo cultivation techniques in Kecheng Qu Seven Mile Township, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province 2010, 26 (18):  123-127.  Abstract + ( 1584 )   PDF ( 646775KB )   ( 1089 ) This study by 119 households of five administrative villages in Ke Chengqu Seven Mile Township, interviewed on the bamboo investigation, discussion and data collection, to understand the operation of the local bamboo forest management status and farmers on bamboo cultivation technology needs and expectations of support from relevant government departments factors, to be in the bamboo cultivation technology for the future development and diffusion of technology and implementation to enhance productivity bamboo to provide reliable basis.

  The Report on Plus Tree Selection of Zanthoxylum bungeanum（Mianjiao）Maxim. 2010, 26 (18):  133-137.  Abstract + ( 1550 )   PDF ( 656367KB )   ( 930 ) Zanthoxylum bungeanum（Mianjiao）Maxim. is one of main economical tree species cultivated in north central semi-arid region of Linxia. It is of practical significance to improve cultivation quality by carrying out plus tree selection of Z. bungeanum（Mianjiao）Maxim.. This article narrated the region, procedure and regulation of plus tree selection of Z. bungeanum（Mianjiao）Maxim. By analysing statistically 4 main factors such as tree, land, artificial factors and environment and so on and their 20 sub-factors of 72 primary selected trees, we identified score weight and different grades score. Through primary selection, re-selection and finally selection, we selected 6 superior trees and completed superior trees’investigation and work on building files and proposed the feasible approaches to use superior trees resources.

  Technology of alteration of fast-growing and high-yield plantation of eucalyptus severely attacked by Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle 2010, 26 (18):  138-141.  Abstract + ( 1531 )   PDF ( 651568KB )   ( 1003 ) Experimental alteration of Eucalyptus grandis × E. tereticornis DH201-2 plantation totally 74.3 hm2 severely attacked by Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle in Ningming and Longzhou of Guangxi was carried out from November 2008 to January 2010, results show that the replanted plantations are not attacked by Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle, forests average height reach 4.0m and 3.5m, average diameter at breast height get to 3.9cm and 3.3cm respectively in two places 9 months after replanting, technologies utilized are proved to be effective, which are clearcutting of infected trees to kill the existing Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle; digging up the stumps to stop supplying Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle with host sprouting from the stumps; selection of replanted species of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis DH32-29 with high resistance to Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle; advanced silvicultural measures such as digging planting holes with digging machine, planting in favourable season, tending and fertilizing in time etc. to accelerate the forest growth. It also comes out that alteration of infected forest can recover the plantation of Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla GL9 nearby, which is not easily infectious to but affected by Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle. Alteration of forest attacked by Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle is pointed out to be an important measure for controlling Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle in China currently.

  Relation between Growth Increments of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis and Site Condition 2010, 26 (18):  142-145.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   PDF ( 604210KB )   ( 1016 )

  Advances in Breeding Technique of Sesame 2010, 26 (18):  146-151.  Abstract + ( 1980 )   PDF ( 614592KB )   ( 1817 ) Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil-yielding plant in the world. Breeding of new varieties is an important component of sesame industry development. With the development of biological technology, cell engineering applied to breeding, molecular breeding and other biotechnology breeding gradually replace traditional sesame breeding. Biotechnology breeding has become an important research direction of sesame breeding. Various breeding methods and their partial achievement applied in breeding were summarized in recent years and some problems were drawn in this paper. The practical perspective of breeding technology in inheritance improvement of sesame is also discussed．

  Established of Cultivation Model above 10500 kg/h㎡ of Super Rice Variety Longdao5 2010, 26 (18):  152-156.  Abstract + ( 1487 )   PDF ( 653878KB )   ( 935 ) In order to exploring cultivation model of high yield of Longdao5, plot trail of different level of density, nitrogen and potassium fertilizers by using orthology regression rotating method. The results were as follows: the sequence of factor which restraining yield of Longdao5 was nitrogen fertilizer >density of cultivation >potassium fertilizer, and cultivation model above 10500 kg/h㎡ were as follow: cultivation density was 19.34 to 24.15 hills/㎡, fertilizing nitrogen was 172.65~180.00 kg/h㎡ and fertilizing potassium was 34.05~67.2 kg/h㎡.

  Breeding for resistance of exotic maize 2010, 26 (18):  157-160.  Abstract + ( 1917 )   PDF ( 596342KB )   ( 979 ) Abstract: Narrow germplasm base and shortage of fine germplasm resources have been the main problem in maize breeding of China. In order to breed out new self-bred line with higher disease resistance and stress resistance, exotic germplasm was utilized to improve the Chinese germplasms. The fine resistance genes were dug out and identified from the exotic germplasms and transferred to the Chinese germplasms by crossing. The offspring with resistant genes were screened out and backcrossed to get the purified germplasm. Finally, new self-bred line was bred up and used for the breeding of hybrids. Zhi 9831 was a new variety with prematurity character which bred up using the exotic resistance gene.

  Study on Yield and its Component Factors of Mechanized Sowing Summer Maize（Zea mays L.）by Sparse Breaks up 2010, 26 (18):  161-164.  Abstract + ( 1483 )   PDF ( 573363KB )   ( 813 ) The effects of mechanized sowing summer maize（Zea mays L.）by sparse breaks up were explored with different varieties and grades sparse by field testing. The grade of deficiency seedlings and broken ridge and the yield with its component were discussed. The results showed as follows: the main causes of yield reduction by sparse breaks up were the ears decrease. With the adding of grade of sparse breaks up, the yield gradually decreased. The decreased amplitude of yield is less than the increased amplitude of sparse breaks up grade .On the situation of the grade among 10.00%～40.00%, decreased amplitude of yield is 3.60%～28.51%. The decreased amplitude of yield of Ludan 981was bigger than Zhengdan 958 with the same sparse breaks up.

  Study on Light Response of Shepherdia Argentea Seedlings under Different Soil Moisture Conditions in Loess Plateau Region 2010, 26 (18):  165-169.  Abstract + ( 1808 )   PDF ( 738494KB )   ( 921 ) In order to provide a theoretical basis and scientific guidance for the selection of tree species and effective utilization of water, by using Li-6400 portable photosyntometer, light response of gas exchange parameters of Shepherdia argentea seedlings under different soil moisture conditions was analyzed in Datong experimental base of Qing Hai. The results showed that Pn, Tr and WUE were significantly correlated with PAR and SWC. ①When PAR was 500~2000 μmol/(m2?s) and SWC was 14.35%~21.5%, Shepherdia argentea leaves had high Pn and WUE. ②Compared with other water conditions, Shepherdia argentea had higher photosynthetic capacity and stronger adaptability to light conditions at low PAR under the mild water stress condition. ③Photosynthesis of Shepherdia argentea was higher under the moderate water stress condition than those under other water conditions, so WUE of Shepherdia argentea did not decline but increased. When PAR was 500~2000 μmol/(m2?s) under the severe water stress condition, WUE was still at high level, which indicated that Shepherdia argentea was of high efficiency of water utilization and could adapt to changes of water and other environmental factors through its own physical regulations, so as to keep WUE at high level. It was concluded that Shepherdia argentea had high ability to adapt stress (strong light, drought) and can be widely cultivated in loess plateau region.

  Effects of Meloidogyne spp. on the growth and endogenous hormone contents of cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.） 2010, 26 (18):  170-174.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 794326KB )   ( 975 ) By measuring the root-knot nematode infection of cucumber within 48 hours after the endogenous plant hormone content changes, we studies the initial stage of infection between the endogenous plant hormone homeostasis, analysis the stress response and physiological mechanisms of cucumber root-knot nematode disease, in order to find the induction of plant disease resistance theoretical reference. The results show that when cucumber plant was infected by Meloidogyne spp., the height, the fresh weight of the above-ground part and the root were decreased significantly. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA），we analyzes the changes of endogenous hormones content four hours a time till 48 hours after the inoculation. Results indicated that the content of Jasmonic acid (JAs) in the leaf of infected plant was increased to 820％ of that in the leaf of control plant during 16 hours after the inoculation。The contents of Salicylic acid (SA), Abscisic acid（ABA）and iPAs were also increased significantly after the inoculation, they all achieved their peak values 24 hours after the inoculation. While the content of IAA and gibberellin1+3(GA1+3) were lower than that in control plant except transitory increase during the 48 hours.

  Study on the influence of lead stress on the mustard family's seed sprouting and seedling growing 2010, 26 (18):  175-179.  Abstract + ( 1510 )   PDF ( 876853KB )   ( 1212 ) Abstract:This article had studied the situations of the mustard family's seed sprouting and its seedling growing and the content of chlorophyll in its seedling in different concentration of lead stress, the conclusion of study had indicated lead stress on the mustard family's seed sprouting is that the low concentration of lead has activation but the high concentration of lead has check effection; And the conclusion of study had indicated lead stress on the mustard family's seedling growing is that the low concentration of lead has activation in the start time ,but then it turn to check effection with the lapse of time. The conclusion of study had indicated lead stress on the root growing of the mustard family's seedling is obvious check effection. The conclusion of study had indicated lead stress on the seedling growing of the mustard family's seedling is the pernicious effects of lead had embodied even more big check effection to seedling growing than to seed sprouting.

  Review and Prospect of Improvement Present Situation on Coastal Saline-alkali Area in Tianjin 2010, 26 (18):  180-185.  Abstract + ( 2095 )   PDF ( 656228KB )   ( 2487 ) Saline-alkali soil improvement is of great significance at this stage of China's population growth and reduction of arable land. Saline-alkali soil in coastal area of Tianjin selected in this paper as an example, through analyzing its ecological indicators, the paper clarified constraints of saline-alkali soil improvement and summarized the traditional methods for improving saline-alkali soil and waste resource recovery, application of rapid improvement of fertilizer, soil fertility such as new improvement techniques. The paper recommended the strengthening of the study of saline-alkali soil irrigation management, salt water irrigation and efficient saline-alkali soil improver and the integrating of the establishment of saline-alkali soil water and salt forecasting, monitoring and evaluation and the cultivation of economic salt-tolerant plants according to ecological niche to improve the comprehensive management of coastal saline-alkali soil. The study in this paper was aimed at establishing saline-alkali soil in coastal area of Tianjin comprehensive management plans for sustainable.

  Impact of An New and High Efficient Loss- Control Fertilizer on Wheat Yield in Huang –Huai-Hai Area 2010, 26 (18):  186-191.  Abstract + ( 1394 )   PDF ( 616917KB )   ( 959 ) Huang-Huai-Hai area is the very important Wheat growth base in China. Applying the new and high efficient loss-control fertilizer in this region is very important to increase yield of wheat. In this experiment, same and reduced amount of loss-control fertilizer and normal fertilizer were used in Anhui, Henan, Shandong and Hebei Province to compare the yield of wheat. Impact of using new and high efficient loss-control fertilizer on wheat yield, constituent factors of yield and nitrogen agronomy efficiency were analyzed through the experiment. The results indicated that wheat yield in Huang-Huai-Hai area is 360.30kg/667m2 without fertilizer application. It could be increased by 20% to 30% when fertilizer was applied which was also the important measures to increase production in this region. When equal amount of fertilizer was applied, the yield of wheat treated with loss-control fertilizer was 511.80kg/667m2 which increased 4.20% compared to normal fertilizer. The nitrogen agronomy efficiency also increased 14.71%. By analyze the constituent factors of yield, it can be seen that loss-control fertilizer increased final yield mainly through increasing ear of grain in each acre and percentage of ear bearing. Reduced amount experiment indicated that when nitrogen application cut down by 28%, yield of wheat treated with loss-control fertilizer was 500.13kg/667m2 which is almost the same as normal fertilizer of 500.75 kg/667m2. However, the nitrogen agronomy efficiency of loss-control fertilizer treatment increased 36.59% compared to normal fertilizer. This illustrate that loss-control fertilizer is a new type CRFs/SRFs of unique design principle and high efficient.

  Characteristics of dry matter production and NPK absorption for different Rehmannia glutinosa cultivars 2010, 26 (18):  192-195.  Abstract + ( 1255 )   PDF ( 689475KB )   ( 862 ) Abstract: Characteristics of dry matter production and NPK absorption of Rehmannia glutinosa were studied to provide a properly fertilizer application for a better cultivar quality and yield. The great variation of dry matter production and NPK absorption was observed between cultivars. The rate of matter production and NPK absorption in the production of species was greater than these in wild species. Considering all production of species, average 2.10 kg N (1.6~2.50), 0.48 kg P (0.29~0.60) and 1.8 kg K (1.41~2.16) were needed to produce 100 kg economical yield. The absorption peak of NK was middle growth period, and the absorption peak of P would last out to harvest from the middle growth period. We concluded that more N fertilizer should be applied in the rapid growth period, not before planting, and add PK fertilizer in the growth period was good to increase growth and economical yield within the artificial cultivation of Rehmannia glutinosa

  Study on Soil Buffering Abilities of different utilization types in Saline Alkali Zone of Jilin Province 2010, 26 (18):  196-200.  Abstract + ( 1240 )   PDF ( 665071KB )   ( 1014 ) The paper studied on soil buffering abilities of different utilization types in saline alkali zone. The results showed that soil buffering abilities are as follows: late clearage paddy soil>long-time clearage paddy soil>dry-farming land>woodland soil>meadow saline soil. Among different effectors ,the content of CaCO3 and ESP played important roles.

  Study on the Effect of Iron-rich Apple Fruit broth on Protective Enzymes Activities of iron-deficiency Malus hupehensis 2010, 26 (18):  201-205.  Abstract + ( 1715 )   PDF ( 813463KB )   ( 820 ) Malus hupehensis seedlings were cultured in iron deficiency Sand,then watered the iron-rich apple broth to recover the iron-deficiency phenomenon.The results showed that:T3 treatment (300-fold diluted broth + FeSO4) increased activities of CAT, POD and content of MDA,soluble sugar of Malus hupehensis seedlings significantly.At the same time, the effect of T2 (diluted 100-fold broth + FeSO4) was better than T4 (diluted 500-fold fermentation of Liquid + FeSO4). For three-years iron-deficiency apple, A3 (broth + FeSO4) increased the activities of CAT, POD and content of MDA,soluble sugar.As a whole, T3 treatment (300-fold diluted broth + FeSO4) is the best treatment for both iron-deficiency seeding and three-years iron-deficiency apple.

  Effect of long-term fertilization on N and oranic matter dynamicchanges in fluvo-aqvic soil 2010, 26 (18):  206-209.  Abstract + ( 1503 )   PDF ( 577565KB )   ( 1040 ) Based on National Supervision Base for Aqui-cinnamon Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Benefits in Changping, Beijing (1991-2003), the effect of long-term fertilization on N and oranic matter dynamicchanges in fluvo-aqvic soil，the main results obtained：the combined application of NPK with organic materials can increase soil total N content obviously. Both two treatments of NPKM and NPK + straw increased total soil N by 21.11% and 14.35%, respectively, which was higher than that of chemical fertilizer alone markedly. Compared with CK, long-term application of N, NP, and NPK increased soil total N by 10.03%, 8.32% and 8.40%, respectively, while PK treatment decreased soil total N content. Meanwhile, long-term application of N only, NP, NK and NPK increased content of available nitrogen by 17.26%, 21.55%, 23.83% and 26.41%, separately; Both two treatments of NPKM and NPK + straw were greatly superior to the treatment of those chemical fertilizer alone, with the increment of available nitrogen by 34.97% and 32.96%, respectively. The content of soil organic matter(OM) of NPKM treatment was higher than that of single chemical fertilizer treatment significantly. In comparison with CK, soil OM with treatments of NPK + Straw, NPKM, NPK, NP and N only increased by 7.90%, 14.56%, 6.51%, 5.89% and 2.56%, respectively. Therefore, balanced application of N,Pand K, and combined application of NPK with organic materials play a very important role in improving soil OM status.

  Effects of applying multi-functional water retaining agent on the yield of alfalfa 2010, 26 (18):  210-212.  Abstract + ( 1093 )   PDF ( 502307KB )   ( 944 ) This paper studied the effects of applying multi-functional water retaining agent on the yield of alfalfa. The results show that: the yields of alfalfa increase when different amount of water retaining agents are applied. The increasing rate of the yield increases with the increasing of the application rate. However, the best amount is 3 kg/mu from the point of the largest economic benefits. The application of multi-functional water retaining agent can increase the dry matter accumulation of alfalfa.

  Appraising of watermelon germplasm resources of chilling tolerance 2010, 26 (18):  219-223.  Abstract + ( 1243 )   PDF ( 826248KB )   ( 1012 ) Abstract:The objective of this experiment was to analyze watermelon germplasm for resistance to low temperature and provide theoretical basis for breeding. 21 watermelon materials were tested by chilling index, electric conductivity, soluble protein, SOD, POD, and MDA in man-made simulate climate and all the results were clustered. Differences were found in chilling index among watermelon varieties. Wild watermelon chilling enduring level was higher than that of others while ZXG01315 was the lowest. There are significant differences in the electric conductivity. Wild watermelon was the lowest while super-sweet female parent was higher than that of others. The change of chlorophyll a/b in the lower temperature stress was divided into three types which were lower, rise and smooth. The more chilling enduring higher; the more soluble protein content and malondialdehyde increased greater. The more chilling enduring higher, the superoxide dismutase activity and peroxidase activity increased along with the temperature cut down. The cluster analysis divided the 21 varieties to 3 parts: the first part included only wild watermelon; the second and the third parts both included 10 watermelon materials. Watermelon parts have a close relationship with watermelon chilling enduring. The first and the third parts can be used as breeding materials

  Screening of the Appropriate Dangshan Suli Pear’s Pollinizer in Anhui Province 2010, 26 (18):  224-230.  Abstract + ( 1873 )   PDF ( 685120KB )   ( 1061 ) To further improve Dangshan Suli pear’s fruit quality, flowering stage, pollen quantity, pollen viability of Dangshan Suli, its traditional pollinizers and new introduced cultivars last decade in Anhui Province were investigated.And analyzed fruit setting rate of inflorescence , fruit quality index (fruit spot size, fruit skin color, fruit rust, fruit heart size, average fruit mass, total soluble solid content, titratable acid content, vitamin C content, hardness, stone sell content) of the pollinated Dangshan Suli pear.The results show that the appropriate Dangshan Sulipear’spolliniers are,Qiyuesu,Yali,Choju,Zisu,Wonhwang,Aiganshui,Huangguan,Matihuang, Hongsucui,Xianhuang, Huashan.

  Study on Blood Lipid-Depressing Function in the Different Stages of Fermented pu-erh tea 2010, 26 (18):  231-236.  Abstract + ( 1284 )   PDF ( 717733KB )   ( 1239 ) To probe into the effect of different stages of fermented pu-erh tea in reducing blood lipids. The model of metabolic disturbance of lipid-preventive tested sample was adopted. Observe the effects of different water extract on reducing the serum levels of TC，TG，HDL-C and LDL-C. The results showed that different stages of fermented products can reduce blood lipid in the volatility of a certain, Overall performance with the deepening of the extent of fermentation, The Hypolipidemic effect getting better.

  Advances on Narcissus in vitro Culture and Plant Regeneration 2010, 26 (18):  237-241.  Abstract + ( 1781 )   PDF ( 563747KB )   ( 1010 ) Abstract:The techniques of in vitro culture and regeneration for narcissus plants can be applied to narcissus variety improvement,preservation and propagation of germplasm and genetic transformation.In this paper,the recent progress on research of narcissus in vitro culture was reviewed including vegetative organ culture, reproductive organ culture and somatic cell culture. Some existing problems in this field were preliminarily discussed and future research works were put forward.

  Preliminary analysis on market and climate of developing high mountain vegetable in Yuxi City Yunnan Province 2010, 26 (18):  242-246.  Abstract + ( 1341 )   PDF ( 771248KB )   ( 904 ) We analyzed the necessity and possibility of developing high mountain vegetable in Yuxi City according to the average monthly trading volume and price of the vegetable wholesale market at Jinshan—the unique fixed point of Ministry of Agriculture in the city, and the average monthly temperature, rainfall and sunlight time of typical towns in torrid zone of Central Asia and the south temperature zone. In this way, we pointed out that solving the problem of variety, harvest time and critical technique took priority to develop high mountain vegetable in Yuxi City

  Study on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation Technology for Melaleuca bracteata 2010, 26 (18):  247-250.  Abstract + ( 1434 )   PDF ( 815803KB )   ( 1027 ) The stem segments of Melaleuca bracteata was used as explants, the tissue culture and rapid propagation technology system was established. The results showed that the best initiated medium was MS+6-BA 1 mg/L, and the best proliferation medium was MS+6-BA 1 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+KT 0.1 mg/L. The optimum shoots rooting medium was 1/2MS＋IBA 0.1 mg/L, with the rooting of 100% and developed roots. The survival rate of tissue culture plantlets was over 89.3% after the plantlets acclimation transplanting experiment.

  The Effect of Different Packaging Treatment on the Quality of Broccoli (Brassica oleroea Var. Italica) 2010, 26 (18):  251-254.  Abstract + ( 1274 )   PDF ( 761092KB )   ( 816 ) The effect of four types of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) treatments (open packaging, MAP without hole, MAP with two 1mm holes and MAP with two 5mm holes) on the storage quality, including the weight loss, chlorophy Ⅱ, anthocyanin, protein and vitamin C, was examined in broccoli (Brassica oleroea Var. Italica) during storage times. The results showed that at 4℃, most of nutrition composition decreased significantly in open packaging during the first 5 days. Under the modified atmosphere packaging storage, most of nutrition composition appeared to fluctuate slightly during the first 5 days of storage. In the present study, the best method for preserving the nutrition in broccoli heads after harvest was storage of broccoli in MAP without hole and refrigeration at 4℃.

  Effects of Super Absorbent Polymer on Soil Moisture Content of Nanfeng Mandarin 2010, 26 (18):  255-258.  Abstract + ( 1449 )   PDF ( 674211KB )   ( 937 ) [OBJECTIVE] Effects of water-keeping from super absorbent polymer in Nanfeng mandarin orchard were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for high-yield and good-quality of Nanfeng mandarin. [METHOD]The research took ‘Yangxiao 26’as experimental material to study the effect of the RT-3005KM super absorbent polymer on soil moisture content of Nanfeng mandarin. [RESULTS] The results indicated that the soil moisture content in 0-20 cm soil layer was not distinct with the amount of super absorbent polymer. Soil moisture content heightened with the super absorbent polymer increasing in 20-40cm soil layer. Soil moisture content decreased with the super absorbent polymer increasing in 40-60cm and 60-80cm soil layer, respectively. The soil moisture content with the same treatment in 40-60cm soil layer was higher than that in 60-80cm after rainfall. It seemed that there was a peak of water absorption treated with super absorbent polymer in 40-60cm soil layer. [CONCLUSION] On the whole, the super absorbent polymer could increase the soil moisture content of Nanfeng mandarin.

  Analysis of community composition and diversity of nematodes in the rhizosphere soil of Japan cedar (Cryptomeria fortunei ) in Western Tianmu Mountain 2010, 26 (18):  259-264.  Abstract + ( 1801 )   PDF ( 718280KB )   ( 1029 ) The study was related on the analysis of community composition and diversity of nematodes in the rhizosphere soil of Japan cedar (Cryptomeria fortunei) in Western Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang province, China. The result showed that the density of the nematodes in the genus of Rhabditis was higher than that in other genera, no matter which height above sea level (ASL) at 500m and 1000m. However, the nematodes in the genera of Cephalobus, Eucephalobus, Prismatolaimus, Acrobeloides, Acrobeles, Chiloplacus, Dorylaimus, Tylenchus and Trichodorus were found only at 500m altitude where the average of annual temperature was 16.3℃. Only the nematodes in the genus of Alaimus could be found at 1000m ASL, where the annual temperature in average ranged from 8 to 12℃. At 1000m ASL, the nematodes in the genera of Rhabditis, Aphelenchoides and Mesodorylaimus belonged to the extremely abundance group and Aphelenchus, Meloidogyne and Paratylenchus nematodes belonged to rarely group. The indexes of Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′), Species Richness (SR) and Simpson evenness (E) at 500m ASL were higher than that of at 1000m ASL. At altitude of 500m, the proportion of bacterivore nematodes was the highest, whereas at 1000m, the proportion of predators-omnivores was the highest. Both WI (Wasilewska Index) values were greater than one, which shown the soil was healthy in Western Tianmu Mountain at the two altitudes.

  Weed Control with Penoxsulam ?cyhalofop-butyl in Direct Seeding Rice Fields and influence of the following crops 2010, 26 (18):  265-269.  Abstract + ( 2423 )   PDF ( 634531KB )   ( 1038 ) The paper studied that the weed controlling effect of penoxsulam ?cyhalofop-butyl and safety on rice and influence of the following crops in direct rice fields. The results indicated that the controlling effect of penoxsulam ?cyhalofop-butyl is high eficacy and long efective duration on some gramineaous, broadleaf and cyoeraceae weeds. Penoxsulam ?cyhalofop-butyl is safety to direct seeding rice and raise production of rice. Experiment of security evaluating show that penoxsulam ?cyhalofop-butyl is safety to mostly following crops(wheat, oilseed rape and radish) too. So penoxsulam ?cyhalofop-butyl should be extensively application in direct seeding rice area.

  Study on the Key Meteorological Factors and its Index Influencing the First Generation of Loxostege sticticalis Linnaeus 2010, 26 (18):  270-274.  Abstract + ( 1289 )   PDF ( 649304KB )   ( 904 ) Based on the correlation analysis between meteorological factors and each stage of Loxostege sticticalis Linnaeus, we surely confirmed the key stage , key factors and its terms, which could take influence on the first generation larva. The first generation larva could not be appeared unless two prerequisite condition be matched: 1. Enough overwintering adult of Loxostege sticticalis Linnaeus, 2. Meteorological factors during hatching eclosion stage are benefit to overwintering adult. Based on the first condition, the key stage is 10 days after the trapping peak of overwintering adult, and the key factors is temperature. During this stage ,the lower mean temperature(<18℃)or mean min-temperature(<13℃)will suspend oviposition apparently，which could against the first generation larva. On the other hand，the mean temperature between 22 and 24℃ are good at the first generation larva. In this paper ,the result could be used as a reference for Loxostege sticticalis Linnaeus control.

  Species Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Soil of Different Degree Disease of the Greenhouse Vegetable Root-knot Nematodes 2010, 26 (18):  275-278.  Abstract + ( 1250 )   PDF ( 569515KB )   ( 784 ) Abstract：The species diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soil of different degree disease of the greenhouse vegetable root-knot nematodes, was investigated. Seven species belonging to four genera were isolated and identified from the rhizosphere soil sample, including 1species of Acaulospora, 4 species of Glomus, 1species of Diversispora, 1species of Paraglomus. Glomus and Diversispora were the dominant genera. Diversispora spurcum, Glomus etunicatum and Glomus mosseae were dominant species in the rhizosphere soil of the plant happening disease of the tree-note nematodes. It is helpful to screen out the better species of resisting disease of the eoot-knot nematodes and use for the greenhouse vegetable.

  Study on Antimicrobial Activity and Stability of Bioactive Metabolite Produced by Actinomycete 97 Strain Fermentation 2010, 26 (18):  279-283.  Abstract + ( 1624 )   PDF ( 737887KB )   ( 980 ) Strain 97of Actinomycetes with high activity to P. parasitica var. nicotianae was isolated from the tobacco field soil sampls collected in Linyi and Rizhao areas of Shandong province. A study on antifungal action and stability of bioactive metabolite produced by Actinomycete strain 97 fermentation was launched by means of growth speed method for the sake of evaluating the antifungal action and physicochemical characteristics of inhibitive factors of strain 97.The results showed that the bioactive metabolite had a broad antifungal spectrum and exhibited antagonistic abilities to several plant pathogens.In addition,it still had a high activity when stored up at 4℃,and was stable to acidic,neutral and heat,maintained the antifungal activity after treatment of proteinase K and ultraviolet radiation.

  Stability of extracellular components of antagonistic bacterium JK-2, Brevibacillus brevis, against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense 2010, 26 (18):  284-288.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   PDF ( 2752559KB )   ( 1077 ) The extracellular component of antagonistic bacterium JK-2, Brevibacillus brevis, was prepared under the conditions of 30℃, 170 r?min-1 and 36 h cultural time and its inhibition ability of JK-2 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense was studied. The results showed that the antifungal activity of the extracellular component preformed a certain thermal stability, remaining more than 88.5% after treated with 60-80℃ for 1 h; but no antifungal effect was found after it was incubated under 100℃ for 1 h. The antifungal activity also remained above 77.2% at the ranges of pH 3.0 to 5.0 and pH 9.0 to 11.0 and was nonsensitive to protease K, light and ultraviolet irradiation. The optimum conditions for Jk-2 to inhibit F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense was 30 ℃ and pH 7.0.

  The Agricultural Land Suitability Evaluation of Zhuanghe town 2010, 26 (18):  289-392.  Abstract + ( 1454 )   PDF ( 1302940KB )   ( 1035 ) Abstract:Comparing present situation and the result of the suitability evaluation, the spacial adjustment of land use structure and agricultural overall arrangement of Zhuanghe town has been analyzed. The rational advices have been put forward on agricultural overall arrangement in the future on the basis of analyzing the obstacle factor of land use in Zhuanghe areas. It is that this research carries out the specific practice of agricultural land resource suitability evaluation: First, according to the principle of selecting the evaluated factors, the 7 evaluation factors used in the land resource suitability evaluation have been defined. Secondly, each of the 7 factors is evaluated based on principles of the agricultural land suitability evaluation in Zhuanghe area. Thirdly, the weight of each factor has been calculated by the measure of Analytic Hierarchy Process and the unit of the land suitability evaluation application has been determined with compositive cartography. Then, the spacial database of each factor has been established using the relevant data information and the graph information of 7 evaluation factors such as soil texture, irrigation guarantee and traffic status and so on. The result of the agricultural land suitability evaluation would be obtained after the overlaying analysis by using GIS software. Then we get the classified quantity and space distribution of the agricultural land that is suitable for plantation, forest and herd of Zhuanghe town agricultural land resources. The agricultural land suitability evaluation result shows that the area of the land suitable plantation, forestry and herd of Zhuanghe town is 1369.34km2，1639.91km2 and 764.75km2, and take 36.28%,43.45% and the 20.26% of land gross area respectively.

  Advance of study on identification of weed herbicide-resistance 2010, 26 (18):  289-292.  Abstract + ( 1285 )   PDF ( 550332KB )   ( 1118 ) Herbicide widely application have solved the main problem of weed management in crop fields, while weed-resistance increasingly became a threat to herbicide application and crop production. Now there were many works on resistant-weeds distribution, biological characteristics, mechanisms, identification techniques and systematic management. Of these, identification of herbicide-resistance play an important role, and it was the fundament of system management In this present review we introduced some methods of herbicide-resistance identification, such as the whole plant assays in greenhouse, the biochemistry assays and the molecular techniques, while we analyzed the advantage and disadvantage of these methods.

  Studies on biological characteristics and control technology of Rhbdophaga salics Schrank 2010, 26 (18):  293-296.  Abstract + ( 1315 )   PDF ( 640587KB )   ( 915 ) Rhbdophaga salics Schrank is an important pest which endanger osier in Yellow River Basin and region along huaihe river. By means of indoor and field rearing and observation,we master its main biological characteristics and carry out chemical control tests. Experimental results show that Rhbdophaga salics Schrank has five generations per year in low-lying area along huai river. The matured larva overwintered in the galls of damaged wickers in the current year．The peak time for the larvae’s hatching is first ten-day of April and May, which should be the focus period of control. According to chemical control experiment of four chemicals, laboratory toxicity of acetamiprid is the highest, the LC50 values is 9.1105 mg?L-1,while which of chlorpyrios is the lowest. Field control efficacy of imidacloprid and acetamiprid after 7 days are both over 50 percent, so imidacloprid and acetamiprid could be used as optimum agents in field control of Rhbdophaga salics Schrank..

  Studies on the synergistic effects of Myclobutanil and Thiophanate-methyl On Apple’s Alternaria mali, Physalospora piricola and Glomerella cingulata 2010, 26 (18):  297-300.  Abstract + ( 1670 )   PDF ( 625863KB )   ( 987 ) The synergistic effects of Myclobutanil and Thiophanate-methyl and their mixtures-made up by mixing the two pesticides in different ratios , on Alternaria mali Roberts and Physalospora piricola and Glomerella cingulata were tested by mycelial growth rate method. Experimental results demonstrated that Myclobutanil mixed with Thiophanate-methyl in 1:8 and1:12 had significant synergism to Physalospora piricola and Glomerella cingulata on Apple than used alone. The efficiency coefficient on the two Fungi were 2.88;2.21. The efficiency coefficient of five different ratios on Alternaria mali were less than 0.5 which were showed antagonism.

  Resistance Determination of Oriental Tobacco varieties to Bacterial Leaf Spot Disease 2010, 26 (18):  301-305.  Abstract + ( 1457 )   PDF ( 636525KB )   ( 1017 ) Abstract: Oriental tobacco bacterial leaf spot disease is a new bacteria l disease infected by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci (Wolf et al. ) Young et al. and is the main disease of oriental tobacco. The oriental tobacco varieties were identified for their resistance to bacterial leaf spot disease, with the method of natural disease plot and manual inoculation. The results indicated that the incidence trends of different variety differed obviously. The variety Base kona Basma、Basma No. 14, Luoxiang No. 1, Sam sum pathogenesis time was ealier, and the plant’s condition did not turn worsen, the variety multi-leaf oriental tobacco was later and the plant’s condition was expanding speedly. At 21 days after inoculation, the leaf was dried up of variety Izmir NO. 14, Kokulu??zmir, Turker Tuka-3 (Turker Basma×Carabaglar), Luoming No. 2-1, multi-leaf oriental tobacco. Of all the other 23 varieties, there were mid-susceptible, 43.48% mid-resistant and 30.43% high-resistant. Variety Basma No. 1, Carabaglar, Canik, Luoxiang No.a, Sam sum, Basma No. 14 and Base kona Basma was high resistant to bacterial leaf spot disease.

  Jiabeisha Improve the Absorption and Conduction of Triadimefon in Wheat in vivo 2010, 26 (18):  306-308.  Abstract + ( 1698 )   PDF ( 568232KB )   ( 1022 ) Mixing Pesticides synergist with the chemical pesticides will reduce dosage of the chemical pesticide and the amount of pesticide residues. In the present study, the changes of the absorption and conduction of triadimefon in wheat in vivo were investigated after mixed with Jiabeisha, a pesticides synergist through by chromatographic analysis. The results showed that when the ratio between the total solids of triadimefon to the volume of Jiabeisha is to 1.5g/mL, the rates of absorption and conduction of triadimefon were improved 30% and 35% after 7 and 14 days treated respectively, although the amount of triadimefon reduced 40%. . Most important, the mixture also delays the decomposition of triadimefon in wheat, and extends the actuation duration, so as to achieve the better effect.

  Effect of Invasion of ragweed(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) on Plant Biodiversity in Hunan Province 2010, 26 (18):  309-314.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 854346KB )   ( 989 ) A survey was conducted with the square intercept method on species and quantity of weeds in 6 kinds of habitats where ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) grew in Hunan Province，the species richness index, diversity index and evenness index were analyzed. Results showed that a total of 83 indigenous species were collected and among them, 41 species were common indigenous plants, belonging to19 families. Invasion of ragweed caused significant (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01) decline of species richness index、Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index and little change of Pielou evenness indexes in all the habitats involved. The variation in species richness index of ragweed invasion communities in the different season was small ，diversity indexes and evenness indexes were increased in spring and summer. It was suggested that the invasion of ragweed is harmful to biodiversity.

  The Ecological Effect of Farmer Household Livelihood Transition ——A Case Study on The Basis of Community Empowerment Theory 2010, 26 (18):  315-319.  Abstract + ( 1783 )   PDF ( 603136KB )   ( 709 ) As to ecological restoration, the farmer household livelihood transition and its ecological effect are researched through field work and comparative analysis in B village Yimeng Mountain Area of south central Shandong province.The study result shows as follows.To a great extent farmer household livelihood transition decides the ecosystem development;the substitute of farmer household livelihood in 21st century in B village is the main result of community empowerment; farmer household livelihood transition delays community empowerment.Lastly,the article puts farward that nowadays the interpretion paradigm of human-envionment system science need to be reflected in order to avoid the spread of western cultural hegemony in China.

  An overview of the potential role of reed (Phragmites australis) wetlands in terrestrial C sequestration of China 2010, 26 (18):  320-323.  Abstract + ( 1655 )   PDF ( 544166KB )   ( 1312 ) Reed (Phragmites australis), well grown in aquatic environments of river, lake and tidal wetlands, can be considered as high biomass and bioenergy crop for C-sequestartion ecosystems. This paper describes the role of the reed wetlands in developing terretrial ecosystems with high C-sink and potential for CO2 mitigation, discusses the problems of bioenergy production using reed in tidal wetlands and the contribution to the state capacity of terrestrial ecosystem C sink. It is recommended that extension of reed wetlands should be taken into account in the national strategy of ecosystem carbon sequestration and bio-energy development.

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  Prospect and Method on Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution of SWAT Model in Chao Lake Basin 2010, 26 (18):  324-328.  Abstract + ( 1756 )   PDF ( 496775KB )   ( 1476 ) In order to elaborate the serious situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in home and abroad. In the basis of studying and learning non-point source pollution model and considering the pollution characteristics of Chaohu Lake, creating a new research stage for the agricultural non-point source pollution of Chaohu Lake basin and providing the decisions for the planning and management of Chaohu Lake.

  Analysis of the Thermal Resources for Optimized Planting Date of Maize in Liaoning Province 2010, 26 (18):  329-334.  Abstract + ( 1792 )   PDF ( 880847KB )   ( 1106 ) Optimized planting date is necessary for field crops to obtain the highest yields. From the perspective of the thermal resources required by maize maturity, this paper introduced a method to determine the latest planting date. Based on the weather station temperature data, the beginning date to plant, latest planting date as well as the spatial-temporal changing characteristics of the maize planting date during 1971 to 2000 were investigated. The results showed that for the most parts of Liaoning province the beginning date to plant was during mid-ten-day in April to last-ten-day in April. During the 30 years, the trends of the beginning day to plant for the whole province was not prominent except for the east and the north part of Liaoning province showing earlier at a rate of 2 d?10a-1. The trends of the first frost date showed delayed in Liaoning province and the average changing rate was 1.6 d?10a-1. The latest planting date was during the end of first-ten-day in May to the beginning of mid-ten-day in May. The delay of first frost date combined with climate changing warming made the rate of climate trends of latest planting date was 4.0~5.0 d?10a-1. At last, the adaptable breed and the time range for optimized planting of each district in Liaoning province were listed in this paper, which may provide a reference in field crop production.

  Influences of Different Vegetations on Soil Cellulolytic Enzyme Activity in Karst Rocky Desertification Areas 2010, 26 (18):  335-340.  Abstract + ( 1408 )   PDF ( 658867KB )   ( 1026 ) In order to probe the restoration mechanism of karst rocky desertification (KRD), different vegetation sites in typical KRD areas Guangxi province were selected as studying plots. Some bare land were chosen as control sampling plots. The change disciplines and the relativities among soil cellulolytic enzyme activity and factors of soil fertility in the process of vegetation rehabilitation were analyzed respectively.The results showed that different vegetation had remarkable influence on soil cellulolytic enzyme activity. Based on the value of soil cellulolytic enzyme activity size down in different vegetation sites, the order was made as follow: Platycladus orientalis＞Jianxi forest＞Pteroceltis tatarinowii + Bauhinia comosa＞Pteroceltis tatarinowii, Cinnamomum burmami＞Cyclobalanopsis glauca＞Eucalyptus robusta＞Liquidamba formosana，Pinus eliottii＞Zenia insignis＞Pinus eliottii + Eucalyptus robustaEucalyptus robusta＞Agave sisalana，Cynodon dactylon＞Vitex negundo＞Dendrocalamus minor＞ Neyraudia reynaudiana.Secondly, the difference of soil cellulolytic enzyme activity not only related with vegetation form, but also close related with recover time of vegetation. Thirdly, there were significance positive correlation among soil cellulolytic enzyme activity and soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, prolease, urease and invertase. There were definite positive correlation among soil cellulolytic enzyme activity and water content of the soil, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and other factors of soil fertility.Soil cellulolytic enzyme activity could reflect the quality and dynamic changes of the soil, so,it could be regarded as one of the biological indicators in soil fertility monitoring and soil quality assessment in the process of karst rocky desertification ecological restoration.

  Diversity of settled plants during energy crops phytostabilization on copper mine tailings reservoir 2010, 26 (18):  341-346.  Abstract + ( 1640 )   PDF ( 768767KB )   ( 1225 ) From June 2008 to November 2009, the settled plants at an energy crop phytostabilization site on Yangshanchong Copper Mine Tailing reservoir of Tongling Anhui province were surveyed and their species were carefully recorded. The relationships among the plant diversity, soil physicochemical properties and pollutants were analyzed. The results showed that after addition of amendments and introduction of four energy crops, 64 vascular plants naturally settled at the site, belonging to 25 families and 59 genera. Most settled plants were annual or biennial herbs, accounting for 57.8% of all settled plants, followed by perennial herbs, accounting for 37.5% of all settled plants. Species richness index, Simpson diversity index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index in the four treatments all followed the same order: A（lime）＜B (lime and phosphate rock)＜C (Control)＜D (phosphate rock), while the Evenness index were the opposite. Soil pH and available heavy metal content were likely to be the limiting factors for plants settlement and distribution.

  The research of Removing COD and NH3-N in Landfill Leachate by Using Ultrasonic 2010, 26 (18):  347-352.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 687141KB )   ( 937 ) The experiment used ultrasound to remove COD and NH3-N in landfill leachate. By orthogonal design，the effect activated Carbon, pH,ultrasonic power，irradiation time and aeration time exert on the removal rate of COD and NH3-N is worked out. The results show that：effect of the pretreatment experiment is best when activated Carbon is 1.0g，pH is 9，ultrasonic power is 360w，irradiation time is 6min and aeration time is 6min，of which the removal rate of COD is 63.7% and of NH3-N is 80.24%.

  Southern Henan And northern Henan summer maize main climate condition develops during bearing child to summer maize growth to affect contrast and the southern Henan 2010, 26 (18):  353-358.  Abstract + ( 1861 )   PDF ( 697339KB )   ( 922 ) Take southern Henan as emphasis, the time interval has been close to meteorological data in 30 comparative analysis by bearing child mainly to Zhu Ma Dian City and Xin Xiang City summer maize having representative representativeness of southern Henan northern Henan area , has found out the distance of two climate characteristic and has born child to the maize the stage effect, have made meteorological phenomena such as rain , the accumulative temperatures , illumination clear the factor relation to distance of two summer maize growth growth, reaches southern Henan area climate condition being able to satisfy summer maize growth growth need completely, Be only year room meteorological phenomena key element space-time scatters with the maize bear child the stage need does not fit with each other sometimes but affect whose output conclusion, have joined the measure having brought forward answering but adopting , have provided the certain science basis to boosting the southern Henan area summer maize giving birth to a child.Key Words：Climate factor; Southern Henan area; Northern Henan area; Maize; The countermeasure studies

  Effect of inactivation agent addition on diurnal variation of water quality in enclosures of heavy polluted bay 2010, 26 (18):  364-368.  Abstract + ( 1595 )   PDF ( 670209KB )   ( 800 ) The diurnal variation rule of water qualities was illustrated in enclosures which is in heavy polluted Fubaowan Bay, Lake Dianchi.There are 2 enclosures of without agent addition. While another 4 enclosures with inactivated agent addition, and the agent consisted of aluminium salts, calcium salts and claies. It was 67%~90% diurnal variation rate of total phosphorus (TP) of water in added inactivated agent enclosures apparently higher than the rate of un-drugged enclosures which was 48%~53%. The day decreased rate of total nitrogen (TN)of water in added agent enclosures was 15%~28%, but the decreased rate of un-drugged enclosures was -7%~-18%.The average-day change rate of turbidness and chlorophyll a of agents addition enclosures was 62% and 51% respectively, which apparently higher than that of enclosures without agents addition, in these enclosures, the turbidness average-day change rate was 43% and chlorophyll a average-day change rate was only 35%. Comprehensive analysis was made on the influence of inactivated agent addition on water quality and nitrogen transferring and translating. The results shown that in the enclosures with inactivated agent addition, the pH value and DO concentration was increased, the diaphaneity of overlying water was improved, the biomass of alga and concentration of organinc nitrogen in the overlying water were decreased. The water qualities gained improving obviously.

  Effects of Compound Pollution of Pb and Cd on Soil and Physiological and Biochemistrical Characteristics of rice Leaves 2010, 26 (18):  369-373.  Abstract + ( 1692 )   PDF ( 792873KB )   ( 950 ) Effects of compound pollution of Pb and Cd on soil and physiological and biochemistrical Characteristics of rice Leaves were studied by pot experiment with cultivating rice. The results showed that, compound pollution of Pb and Cd led to a significant reduction in soil pH; Soil organic matter contents declined significantly at low concentrations and then increased with the degree of heavy metal pollution for Y, and it did not change significantly under low contaminated ,and then significantly reduced for T; SPAD has significantly reduced under compound pollution of Pb and Cd except for that SPAD has significantly increased under low contaminated at tillering stage for Y, SPAD values decreased significantly in high concentrations at tillering stage, increased significantly with the levels of heavy metal pollution at booting stage, reduced significantly at filling stage. Antioxidant enzyme activities in rice leaves increased in the low degree of Lead and Cadmium pollution and decreased under High levels of pollution , POD has a strong sensitivity to has a strong sensitivity to than SOD; It showed a positive correlation between MDA content and the degree of pollution with lead and cadmium.

  Summary on deduction and trace the source methods for ground water nitrate contamination 2010, 26 (18):  374-378.  Abstract + ( 1482 )   PDF ( 1050290KB )   ( 1431 ) Summary on deduction and trace the source methods for ground water nitrate contamination The cause of ground water nitrate contamination is varied, the deduction and trace the source methods for ground water nitrate contamination are the basis for recovery the ground water environment. Some deduction and trace the source methods which include stiff diagram, piper trilinear diagram, association matrix and stable isotope methods are introduced in this paper.

  Research and application of vetiver system in Guangdong Province 2010, 26 (18):  379-383.  Abstract + ( 1469 )   PDF ( 648026KB )   ( 960 ) Abstract: This paper reviewed the research and application of vetiver system in Guangdong province, introduced the development of vetiver system industrialization , and confirmed that Vetiver system has unique features in soil erosion,rehabilitation and wasterwater purification.by study and demonstration engineering case.

  Research on Current Treatment Status and Technologies of Rural Domestic Wastewater in China Major Basins 2010, 26 (18):  384-388.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   PDF ( 625350KB )   ( 2170 ) Abstract：In view of the situation that the directly discharge of rural domestic wastewater has seriously affected the quality of the rural water environment in China, the treatment technologies and facilities of rural domestic wastewater at home and abroad were introduced. Starting thinking with the village or habitat as a rural unit to do domestic wastewater treatment, the principles, characteristics and application status of rural domestic wastewater treatment technologies in economically developed areas and the major basins in China were introduced, and then the design principles for rural domestic wastewater treatment technology in China were put forward.

  Study of Heavy Metals Pollution Analysis and Control in Protected Vegetable Base Soil 2010, 26 (18):  393-396.  Abstract + ( 1652 )   PDF ( 568691KB )   ( 1426 ) Base cultivation of vegetables has been popular in China now. Various problems of the greenhouse soils appeared because of the their own special characteristic environment and planting patern with the increasing years of planting, heavy metals pollution is serious .Source and effect of Protected Vegetable base soil heavy metals pollution on vegetable quality were studied in this article, and the control methods of heavy metal pollution was expounded carefully.

  The Research on the TOC and its Influence-factors of the Yangtze River and Qingyi River in Wuhu City 2010, 26 (18):  397-400.  Abstract + ( 1329 )   PDF ( 631897KB )   ( 922 ) The content of organic matter in ground environmental waters is an important indicator of the degree of organic pollution in waters. In order to understand the organic pollution and water quality in Yangtze River and Qingyi River in Wuhu section, inspecting the surrounding environment conditions and taking representative water samples along Yangtze River and Qingyi River in Wuhu section were done in this study. Total organic carbon content in water samples was determined by high temperature combustion - non-dispersive infrared absorption method. Based on these, the changes of TOC content and their impact factors in waters along Yangtze River and Qingyi River in Wuhu section was studied in this paper. The results showed that both waters along Yangtze River Water and Qingyi River in Wuhu section have a high level of TOC content, and the average value of TOC content in waters (except for some special sampling points) is 22.2±4.1 mg/L and 22.6±2.7 mg/L, respectively. The TOC content of some individual water samples from Qingyi River has exceeded the value of 40mg/L. According to the national standard, the TOC content in waters of both Yangtze River and Qingyi River has exceeded the value of the Ⅰ standard, and TOC content of some sampling water from Qingyi River has exceeded theⅡ standard.

  Study on the Allelopathy of soil extract on different planting mulch grasses of orchart 2010, 26 (18):  401-405.  Abstract + ( 1219 )   PDF ( 606104KB )   ( 893 ) The allelopathic effect of leaf extracts on different planting mulch grasses Paspalum wettsteinii, Paspalum notatum, Arachis pintoi, Chamaecrista rotundifolia of general used in Soil and Water Conservation ,on the seed germination and seedling growth of radish,was investigated by bioassay method. The germination rate of radish was very significant inhibition under the treatment of high concentration leaf extract of Paspalum notatum and Arachis pintoi.The inhibition effect of Arachis pintoi reached extremely significant level than the treatmenm of Paspalum notatum and Arachis pintoi. The leaf extract of different planting mulch grasses had significant effect on length of radish root,under the concentrations of 7.5％and 10.0％,the treatment of Arachis pintoi promoted the increating of dry weight of root , the other three treatments all inhibited the increating of dry weight of root and there was significant difference between the treatments of Paspalum notatum and Arachis pintoi. The all leaf extract of four planting mulch grasses promoted the growth of radish seedling under the concentration of 10.0％,and the treatments between Chamaecrista rotundifolia and Paspalum notatum had extremely significant differences.There were not significant effect to the dry weight of seedlings and plants.

  Beihai, Guangxi Mangrove soil actinomycetes BH0954 Isolation and identification of 2010, 26 (18):  406-409.  Abstract + ( 1942 )   PDF ( 1038203KB )   ( 1241 ) Abstract: 【Objective】 antibacterial activity of mangrove soil actinomycetes of the separation and identification. 【Methods】 Gao on the 1st medium prepared with sea water used to dilute the separation of soil samples collected from isolated and purified by anti-bacterial screening tests, from Beihai, Guangxi Mangrove high-salt soil samples was isolated actinomycetes BH0954 The fermentation product of strain has a strong antimicrobial activity. The strain grew well on medium Gao on the 1st, and the optimum growth temperature 28 ℃, optimum growth pH of 7.0 to observe its morphological characteristics and physiological and biochemical characteristics; withdraw their total genomic DNA, using universal primers to their 16s rDNA PCR amplification, amplified products, DNA sequencing. 【Results】 based on their morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis, BH0954 initially was identified as the genus Streptomyces Sendai kinds of effective publication of Streptomyces (Streptomyces sindenensis) variants. 【Conclusion】 mangrove soil actinomycetes BH0954 has antibacterial activity, this paper's findings for the further development and utilization of mangroves in Guangxi soil actinomycetes resource basis.

  Lightning disaster status and suggestions of protection of country in Chongqing 2010, 26 (18):  415-418.  Abstract + ( 1504 )   PDF ( 790957KB )   ( 1131 ) 【Abstract】: In order to know clearly the status and time-space distribution of lightning disaster,disaster cause and control countermeasure of country in Chongqing,this paper analysed the status and time-space distribution of lightning disaster,disaster environment and receptor of country based on the eleven-year lightning disasters data in 34 representation stations of Chongqing during 1998~2008. The preliminary conclusions is as below:①the times of lightning disasters are basically the same as it of the region thunderstorm days:the trend is one-year high and another year low or two-year high and another year low;②the lightning disaster mostly occurs in city,and the number of accident and economic loss in city is far more than that in country;③there are two density centers of lightning disaster in Chongqing:the main citys and its eastern areas,Qianjiang and Xiushan;④the casualties are main in country（92.7%）and usually occur indoors,which is far more than that occur outdoors;⑤the economic loss and amount are mainly in public facilities,electric equipments and building,these indicate that the direct lightning and lightning surge are the main ways caused disasters; ⑥in view of existing situation in country,these countermeasures are given.

  Purification of Chlorophyll a, Nitrogen and Phosphate in Eutrophic Water by Paphia Exarata Philippi and Kappaphycus striatum Schmitz 2010, 26 (18):  419-424.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   PDF ( 619089KB )   ( 918 ) The effect of purifying eutrophic marine water by tropical and subtropical bivalve shellfish Paphia exarata Philippi and tropical macroalgae Kappaphycus striatum Schmitz was examined. The results show that the polyculture of Paphia exarata Philippi and Kappaphycus striatum Schmitz is a effective way to remove the N, P, and chla in eutrophic water. The effect of Kappaphycus striatum Schmitz on the comprehensive evaluation index, clearance of N, P and chla is more notable than Paphia exarata Philippi. Kappaphycus striatum Schmitz significantly affected all the indicators (P <0.01). Paphia exarata Philippi significantly affected the clearance of N and chla (P <0.01), but it was not significant effecting on the comprehensive evaluation index and the clearance of P. The best polyculture proportion wes obtained, which correspond to Kappaphycus striatum Schmitz of 6 Kg/m3 and Paphia exarata Philippi of 60 bodies/m3 (40g±2g/body).

  Research on the transfer of rural land use rights in China——In Henan Province 2010, 26 (18):  433-437.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   PDF ( 656058KB )   ( 1077 ) The transfer of rural land is the pressing needs of optimizing allocation of land resource under the new stage of development of social economy. It can stimulate the development of agriculture, maintain the stability of rural areas and increase the income of peasants. In this paper, based on the selective and regional field investigation of some areas in Henan province, I will analysize the current situation of the transfer of rural land, and give a detailed study on several problems of the transfer, such as incomplete procedure, simple transfer form and low formalization management degree. Furthermore, there will be a discussion on the hidden causes behind these problems. On the basis of it, I will propose some counter measures on it in order to offer some references for consummating rural land transfer system, such as, strengthen the standardized management of transfer and accelerate the transfer of rural labor. According to the previous study, we will find that the consummate land transfer system and the completed land legal system not only boost rural income and safeguard the famer rights; these also promote China’s national economic development in this time.

  The Study of Illegal Land Use to Economy Growth 2010, 26 (18):  438-442.  Abstract + ( 1245 )   PDF ( 725537KB )   ( 857 ) This article analyzed the influence an contribution of the illegal land use investment between 1999 and 2006 in China based on the mechanism that the land use investment illegal to economic growth. The study shows that illegal land investment may have a different effect from that of legal land investment because of different gaining ways and so on. In a short time, illegal land investment has a smaller output elasticity than that of legal land investment. And looking for a long time , the illegal land investment does harm to land use intensity and may make a negative effect on economy growth. All in all, the government should try their best to impediment illegal land use with various measurements.

  The Main Problems and New Promote Thinkings of the Special Sci-Tech Commissioners System in Fujian 2010, 26 (18):  443-447.  Abstract + ( 1247 )   PDF ( 583958KB )   ( 889 ) The special sci-tech commissioners system is a pioneering work of innovation rural work mechanism in fujian, Rising for the national deployment. This paper take the Fujian province as an example, analyses the main problems and restricting factors of the special sci-tech commissioners system, raising the new promote thinkings, to further enhance the vitality of the special sci-tech commissioners system, provides the powerful technical support for the channel west bank economic zone construction.

  Discrimination and analysis of key influencing factors for rural financial ecology environment 2010, 26 (18):  448-451.  Abstract + ( 1484 )   PDF ( 614983KB )   ( 1132 ) It is important to determine the key influencing factors, which restrict the development of agricultural mechanization. A method of DEMATEL was applied to set direct effect matrix in order to seek integrated effect matrix from the view of interactional relationship among influencing factors of them were determinded and analyzed by the number through calculating degree of influence, degree of being-influenced and degree of ceter for every factor. Finally, the suggestions were put forward in order to accelerate development of agricultural mechanization.

  The commentary on the quantification study of the urban-rural connection development 2010, 26 (18):  452-455.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   PDF ( 506650KB )   ( 859 ) the quantification study of the urban-rural connection development was a research focal point which paid attention from the recent years, at present each research was still at the exploration attempt stage.The paper has carried on the more comprehensive comparative analysis from the index of appraisal system, assessment method, appraisal object and appraisal result and so on,and aims at the main question which exists in the current research, proposed the quantification study of the urban-rural connection development should consummate the index of appraisal system based on the science proof; perfect countryside statistical data by enhancement statistical work; strengthen region dynamic research by developping research methods,which may promote the quantification study of the urban-rural connection development science standardization development .

  On the Construction and Development of the New Village’s Specialized Cooperatives 2010, 26 (18):  456-458.  Abstract + ( 1164 )   PDF ( 499121KB )   ( 918 ) This paper analyzes the importance of specialized cooperatives to the new village construction, and proposes some advices on the strengthening of organization and leadership, improving the management system, focusing on brand building, improving market competitiveness, increasing policy support efforts and promoting the healthy development of specialized cooperatives.