Abstract: From June 2008 to November 2009, the settled plants at an energy crop phytostabilization site on Yangshanchong Copper Mine Tailing reservoir of Tongling Anhui province were surveyed and their species were carefully recorded. The relationships among the plant diversity, soil physicochemical properties and pollutants were analyzed. The results showed that after addition of amendments and introduction of four energy crops, 64 vascular plants naturally settled at the site, belonging to 25 families and 59 genera. Most settled plants were annual or biennial herbs, accounting for 57.8% of all settled plants, followed by perennial herbs, accounting for 37.5% of all settled plants. Species richness index, Simpson diversity index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index in the four treatments all followed the same order: A（lime）＜B (lime and phosphate rock)＜C (Control)＜D (phosphate rock), while the Evenness index were the opposite. Soil pH and available heavy metal content were likely to be the limiting factors for plants settlement and distribution.