Abstract: The paper applies the Malmquist productivity index approach to estimating total factor productivity change of potatoes production in China from 1998 to 2008. The results show: (1) total factor productivity of potatoes production in China has declined due to the decreasing technological progress, and the efficiency change is the main driving force for TFP growth. (2) total factor productivity of potatoes production is not the same in the different area due to different reasons.