Cultivated Land Protection

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Research on Farmland Protection in Sichuan Province Based on Perspective of Food Security

REN Qian, LI Xinxin, LIU Yaya, YU Xiangke, HUANG Zhongjie

Journal of Agriculture 2025, 15 (2): 27-32. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0003

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Based on the analysis of cultivated land, grain production and grain demand in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2021, the paper constructs the grain security model of Sichuan Province and analyses the degree of grain self-sufficiency in the whole province, and the current situation of food security level in Sichuan Province and its cities (prefectures) was obtained. At the same time, through the construction of cultivated land demand calculation model, taking each city (state) as the unit, based on the grain demand level and grain supply level forecast, under the condition of satisfying the basic self-sufficiency and the complete self-sufficiency, this paper quantitatively analyzes the demand of cultivated land for food security in Sichuan Province, seeks the optimal cultivated land protection area, and puts forward proposals on cultivated land protection and management.

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Effects of Long-term Subsoiling Combined with Straw Returning on Carbon Sequestration Capacity and Inorganic Stability Mechanism of Soil Aggregates

WANG Ning, ZHANG Renzheng, LIU Zhen, LV Jinling, SHEN Ying, YANG Qian, LI Geng, NING Tangyuan

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (28): 83-93. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0747

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The effects of long-term tillage and straw returning on soil aggregate carbon sequestration capacity was analyzed, the inorganic stability mechanism of Fe and Al oxides in aggregates was explored, and theoretical basis for selecting appropriate farmland management measures was provided. Four treatments were set up in the experiment including subsoiling with straw returning (ST_s), subsoiling without straw returning (ST₀), no-tillage with straw returning (NT_s) and no-tillage without straw returning (NT₀). The water-stable aggregates were measured by wet sieve method. Soil organic carbon and aggregate organic carbon were measured by TOC analyzer. Various forms of iron aluminum oxides were measured by colorimetric method. The effect of four treatments on each index was analyzed and compared. The results showed that compared with subsoiling, the mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter in no-tillage were increased by 18.6% and 6.8%, respectively. Compared with no-tillage, the soil organic carbon of >2, 1-2, 0.5-1, 0.25-0.5 and 0.106-0.25 mm in subsoiling was increased by 27.9%, 28.8%, 16.9%, 11.0% and 5.5%, respectively. The total carbon storage of subsoiling was increased by 11% than that of no-tillage. The total carbon storage of straw returning increased by 11% than that of no straw returning. The content of free iron oxide in the surface soil was increased by 50% than that of other treatments. Compared with no-tillage, the amorphous iron and complex aluminum in subsoiling were increased by 43% and 65%, respectively. Therefore, long-term subsoiling combined with straw returning could effectively improve soil carbon sequestration capacity and inorganic stability of aggregates.

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Effects of Long-term Non-grain Production on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Topsoil in Ningbo Area

YING Hong, ZHU Shijun, JIN Shuquan, WANG Feng, ZHOU Jinbo

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (27): 75-82. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0006

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To provide a reference for the restoration and utilization of non-grain cultivated land, the effects of long-term non-grain production on soil physicochemical properties of topsoil in Ningbo area were explored deeply. In this study, soil samples were collected from 130 non-grain cultivated land and 53 control plots, and then were systematically analyzed based on geomorphic types (water network plain, coastal plain, hilly area and valley plain) and non-grain planting types (nursery land and orchard). The results showed that: the pH, organic matter content and soil bulk density of non-grain cultivated land were 5.74±0.83, 24.72±8.01 g/kg and 1.28±0.05 g/cm³, respectively, significantly lower or higher than that of surrounding paddy fields (6.17±1.02, 30.07±10.68 g/kg and 1.18±0.05 g/cm³, respectively)(P<0.05). Under different terrains, the effects of non-grain production on soil physicochemical properties were different, and the greater effects were found in hilly areas and valley plains. Specifically, there was a decrease of more than 10% in EC, organic matter and total nitrogen content, and pH value decreased into an acidic level less than pH 5.5. The two non-grain production types of nursery stock and orchard both led to the decrease of pH, EC, CEC, organic matter and total nitrogen content and the increase of soil bulk density, and the former had a greater impact. The organic matter content of nursery stock was 22.90±7.18 g/kg, significantly lower than that of orchard and control plots (30.07±10.68 g/kg and 26.87±8.44 g/kg)(P<0.05). Our results indicated that the long-term non-grain production in Ningbo resulted in soil acidification, decreased fertility and increased soil compactness, and the restoration and utilization of non-grain cultivated land should fully consider the differences of geomorphic types and non-grain planting types.

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Effects of Different Soil Amendments on Physicochemical Properties of Salinized Soil and Growth of Sunflowers in Hetao Irrigation Area

SUN Xiangwei, ZHAO Yuxin, YU Liangliang, LI Ning, DING Shiqing

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (26): 53-57. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0795

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To select the improvement products suitable for different degrees salinized soil in Hetao irrigation area of Inner Mongolia, representative humic acid and new soil improvement materials were selected. By comparing and analyzing the effects of different improvement materials on total salt quantity, pH, organic matter, CEC at the 0-20 cm soil depth after harvesting, as well as the effects on sunflower plant height and yield, the optimal saline-alkali improvement materials were explored. The results showed that all the improvement materials improved physicochemical property of salinized soil. ‘Yibaijia’ soil conditioner had the advantage of improving mild and moderate saline soil. ‘Kejian’ soil remediation agent was suitable for different degrees of salinized soil. The improvement effect of humic acid on different degrees salinized soil was second to ‘Kejian’ and ‘Yibaijia’. According to the effect of different amendments on soil salinity index and sunflower yield, ‘Kejian’ and ‘Yibaijia’ were more suitable for saline-alkali land in Hetao area.

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Effect of Straw Returning and Organic Fertilizer Measures on Remediation of Soil in Ningxia Saline-alkali Land

GUO Juncheng, WANG Mingguo, GENG Rong, WANG Yanqi, YIN Xuehong, WANG Xumin, ZHU Zhiming, LI Zhen

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (24): 73-78. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0824

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To study the effects of agronomic improvement treatments on soil available nutrients, enzyme activities and physical structures of Yinbei saline-alkali land in Ningxia, this experiment adopted two treatments of applicating organic fertilizer (OM) and straw incorporation, with application of chemical fertilizer as control. The results showed that OM and straw return (RS) effectively increased the content of soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium, and significantly enhanced the activities of soil urease and alkaline phosphatase. The proportion of mechanical stability aggregates with particle size over 5 mm treated with OM increased by 22.3%, while particle size ranging from 0.5 to 0.25 mm decreased by 3.8%; the proportion of mechanical stability aggregates with particle size over 5mm treated with RS increased by 19.1%, while particle size ranging from 0.5 to 0.25 mm and under 0.25 mm decreased by 3.1% and 3.2%, respectively. The proportion of water-stable aggregates with particle size over 5 mm treated with OM and RS increased by 29.0% and 43.3%, respectively, while particle size ranging from 0.5 to 0.25 mm treated by OM and RS decreased by 23.1% and 30.1%, respectively. The mean weight diameter (MWD) increased by 105.9% and 139.7%, the soil water stability coefficient (K) increased by 136.4% and 150.5%, and the percentage of aggregate destruction (PAD) decreased by 28.2% and 31.1%, respectively, under OM and RS treatments. The soil physical structure was also effectively improved with OM and RS treatment. The results indicate that organic manure and straw returning are effective measures to improve the quality of salinized soil in the Yinchuan Irrigation Area of Ningxia.

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Study on Micro-stratification of Soil Properties in Weak Structure Topsoil under Hydroponic Tillage Condition

WANG Ze, ZHANG Lijun, ZHU Jie, ZHANG Mingkui

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (20): 78-83. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0659

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Due to the selective settlement of soil particles, hydroponic tillage in weakly structured farmland soil can lead to the difference in material composition between the upper and lower parts of the cultivated layer. To understand whether this difference will result in the differentiation of soil properties, this paper selected representative farmlands, compared and analyzed the differences in soil properties between the upper and lower parts of the tillage layer under the hydroponic and dry tillage, and also compared them with the well-developed structure soil. The results showed that there were significant differences in particle composition, organic matter, total nitrogen content, CEC, available phosphorus, available potassium, microbial biomass carbon and the contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb between the upper and lower soils of the weak structure farmland subjected to long-term hydroponic tillage condition. The coarse particles (gravel and sand) increased from top to bottom, while the fine particles (clay) decreased from top to bottom. From 0-2 cm soil layer to 18-20 cm soil layer, soil organic matter, total nitrogen and CEC decreased by 49.77%, 48.77% and 38.25%, respectively, and soil available phosphorus, available potassium and microbial biomass carbon decreased by 21.23%, 13.54% and 29.24%, respectively. From 0-4 cm soil layer to 16-20 cm soil layer, the contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb decreased from 27.43-28.33, 65.45-71.43, 0.13-0.15 and 24.73-27.65 mg/kg to 23.74-24.32, 53.66-54.54, 0.053-0.067 and 18.78-19.54 mg/kg, respectively. However, the change in soil pH was not obvious. Long term hydroponic tillage in well structured farmland had little or no effect on the above characters. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, CEC, available nutrients, microbial biomass carbon, Zn and Pb in the soil tillage layer under long-term dry tillage also decreased with depth, but the difference between the top and bottom was small, and the tillage had no significant effect on the distribution of particle composition, pH, Cu and Cd in the tillage layer of well structured soil. The study suggested that long-term hydroponics tillage could lead to the micro-stratification of soil properties in the weak structure tillage layer, lead to material heterogeneity, affecting the absorption of soil nutrients by crops. Attention should be paid to the improvement of structure for the weak structure tillage layer.

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Cultivated Land Quality Evaluation and Soil Nutrient Spatial Characteristics Analysis Based on Fuzzy Mathematics Method in Jinchang City

ZHENG Mingyu, CAI Liqun

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (7): 24-35. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0137

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Taking Jinchang City as the research area, this paper analyzed the quality grade, soil nutrient characteristics and spatial differentiation of cultivated land within the scope of the city, and provided the basis for scientific fertilization of cultivated land and improving the regional management level of soil nutrient under the condition of ensuring accuracy. As a quantitative method to analyze fuzzy phenomena, fuzzy mathematics has wide application value in many fields. Based on GIS technology, this paper explained how to use the method to evaluate cultivated land quality. Taking Jinchang City as an example, based on the national standard of Cultivated Land Quality Grade, this paper analyzed and studied the spatial distribution of cultivated land quality grade and nutrient content by combination of the county cultivated land resource management information system and GIS technology. The results showed that the quality of cultivated land in Jinchang was in grade 1 to grade 6, with no grade 7 to grade 10. The land of grade 1 was the main cultivated land in Jinchang, with an area of 80024.40 hm², accounting for 64.35% of the total cultivated land in Jinchang. The overall nutrient level of cultivated land in Jinchang was relatively medium, and the content of soil organic matter was mostly low and medium, showing a trend of high in the west and low in the east. Total nitrogen content was mostly low, showing a trend of higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast. The content of available phosphorus was mostly at a high level, and it was generally higher in southwest than in northeast. The content of available potassium was mostly low and medium, with a general trend of high in the west and low in the east. The quality of cultivated land in Jinchang City was good. The soil fertility could be improved by increasing the application of organic fertilizer, increasing the intensity of irrigation, and increasing the popularization of water-saving technology, so as to keep the soil hydrated and fertile.

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Evaluation of Cultivated Land Quality and Analysis of Obstacle Factors in Arong Banner Black Soil Area at Southern Foot of Daxing’an Mountains

LIU Yajie, LIU Zhanyong, ZHANG Xiangqian, LU Zhanyuan, CHI Wenfeng, CHENG Yuchen, ZHANG Dejian, SUN Feng, LIU Lingyue, LAN Huiqing, BAI Dongxing

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (7): 58-66. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0143

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It is of great significance for the cultivated land differentiated utilization and agricultural sustainable development to clarify farmland quality grade and obstacle factors. In this paper, the soil of farmland in Arong Banner was the research object, GPS was used for fixed-point information collection, and the weights and membership of each index were calculated by expert scoring and hierarchical analysis. And a soil fertility grade evaluation system with 16 indicators as the core was constructed, which studied cultivated land grade and quantitative obstacle factors, and the land distribution and the main obstacle factors of cultivated land at each grade were analyzed. The results showed that the cultivated land could be divided into eight grades according to the comprehensive index range of cultivated land quality grade (IFI value). The area of first to fourth class cultivated land accounted for 95.70% of the total cultivated land area of Arong Banner. Microbial diversity, irrigation and drainage capacity and forest network were the main obstacles to agricultural production in this region. In order to improve the production capacity of cultivated land in the black soil area of Arong Banner at the southern foot of the Daxing’an Mountains, the protection of cultivated land from grade one to four should be taken into account. The area of fifth to eighth class cultivated land only accounted for 4.30%. Technical modes such as converting farmland to grass or forest or grain and grass rotation could be implemented to restore the ecological environment and improve the fertility of cultivated land in fifth to eighth class cultivated land.

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Research Progresses on Improvement of Saline-alkaline Soil with Wood Vinegar

YIN Meili, ZHANG Kaiyu, KANG Furen, GAO Yulin, ZHANG Sheng, ZHANG Xin, LI Qiang, CAO Taotao, ZHENG Jiewen

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (6): 31-38. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0141

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Saline soil has limited plant growth due to its high alkalinity, poor air permeability, poor water permeability, easy surface hardening, low nutrient content, and harmful salt content. However, the national food security strategy requires greater efforts to “request food from saline soil land”. A large number of studies had proved that the appropriate concentration of wood vinegar could effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of saline soil, thereby increasing its productivity of saline soil. The article listed the physical and chemical properties and component contents of different types of wood vinegar, described the range of application concentrations of wood vinegar, and summarized the changes in soil physics, chemistry, microorganisms, enzyme activities, and plant growth after wood vinegar was applied to saline-alkali soil, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the application of wood vinegar in saline soil.

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Soil Moisture Characteristics of Different Vegetation Types in Wind-sandy Loess Region in Northern Shenmu City

YANG Ni, LIU Changhai, JIA Yuru, GU Mengyi

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (12): 65-69. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0453

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To further understand the soil water characteristics of different vegetation types on the Loess Plateau, 7 plots of 5 typical vegetation types including Caragana korshinskii 1, Caragana korshinskii 2, grassland 1, grassland 2, Pinus sylvestris, Hippophae rhammoides, and apricot were selected as the research objects in Daliuta Town, Shenmu City, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province. Single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the differences of soil water in different sites. The results showed that: (1) in the 0-100 cm soil layer, there were significant differences in soil water content and soil water storage among different vegetation types (P<0.05), with the order of apricot tree>Hippophae rhammoides>Caragana korshinskii 1>Caragana korshinskii 2>grassland 1>Pinus sylvestris>grassland 2. (2) Soil moisture content of different vegetation types increased with the increase of soil depth. The change trend of grassland 1, Pinus sylvestris and grassland 2 was not obvious. (3) Soil water storage of different vegetation types showed an increasing trend as a whole with the increase of soil depth. The water storage capacity of each vegetation was relatively small in 0-40 cm soil layer and had little change; it changed greatly in the 40-100 cm soil layer and reached the maximum in the 80-100 cm soil layer. The experiment analyzed the characteristics of soil water content and soil water storage under different vegetation types, which provided theoretical basis for the subsequent soil and water conservation, vegetation restoration and ecological environment construction in this region.

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Study on Acid Buffering Performance and Influencing Factors of Key pH Stage of Soil Acidification in Typical Farmland of Zhejiang Province

TONG Wenbin, LI Ronghui, YANG Haijun, JIANG Jianfeng, ZHU Weidong, WU Yifei, ZHANG Mingkui

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (4): 37-41. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0110

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The development from neutral (pH 6.5-7.5) to acidic (pH 4.5-5.5) is the key stage of soil acidification, so the buffering capacity of soil to acid in the range of pH 4.5-6.5 will directly affect the rate of soil acidification. In the study, 48 representative paddy soil samples were collected from plain areas of Zhejiang Province, and the acid buffering performance and its main influencing factors of the soils in the key pH stage of acidification were characterized. The results showed that the acid buffer capacity of the paddy soils, the amount of acid needed to reduce the pH value by one unit, ranged from 8.34-41.22 mmol/(kg·pH), with an average of 23.38 mmol/(kg·pH). The capacity decreased in the order of soils in river-net plain>soils in coastal plain>soils in river valley plain. The acid buffer capacity of the paddy soils in the river-net plain and coastal plain was 1.60 and 1.17 times of that in river valley plain, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that soil clay content and CEC were the main factors affecting soil acid buffer capacity, and the lack of clay content was the main inducement of soil rapid acidification in the plain area. Low-clay soil is the focus of farmland acidification prevention in the plain area.

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Status of Nutrients Abundance & Deficiency and Spatial-temporal Variability of Tobacco Planting Soil in Luliang County

HAN Jiabao, DONG Yu, NONG Shangjian, JIN Jiaquan, FENG Yonghong, ZHANG Yan, GAO Qiumei, ZHANG Yanyan, LI Kai, GAO Siyuan, ZHANG Guohong, LI Xiaoting

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (4): 58-65. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0104

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To investigate the evolution and distribution of soil nutrients in tobacco-growing areas, 450 soil samples were collected in Luliang County. The classical statistical methods were used in combination with geostatistical and geographic information technology to analyze the abundance and deficiency and spatial-temporal variation of soil nutrients. The results showed that the average values of soil pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium of tobacco-planting soil in Luliang County were pH 6.01, 2.64%, 108.47 mg/kg, 41.69 mg/kg and 200.93 mg/kg, respectively. Except for the medium variation of pH, other nutrients were belonged to strong variation. The contents of pH, organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen were appropriate, but the proportions of soil pH, soil organic matter and nitrogen fertilizer needed increasing were 37.42%, 27.62% and 37.64%, respectively. At the same time, the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium were rich, and the proportion of rich and suitable ranges reached 89.09% and 83.07% respectively. There were no significant differences in pH and organic matter among years, but they showed decreasing trends. There was significant difference in alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. There were significant differences in available phosphorus and available potassium and showed tendency to decrease and later increase. The spatial distribution pattern of pH value showed a transition from low in the west to suitable in east, then slightly higher in the north and the south. Organic matter gradually increased from the west to the central and then to the east. The area of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen in the range of 90-120 mg/kg and the available phosphorus in the high and very high range were the largest, respectively. The available potassium gradually increased from the west to the east. The spatial variation of pH, available phosphorus and available potassium were mainly caused by human factors.

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Effect of Soil Condition Change on Grain Yield Based on Classification and Monitoring of Cultivated Land Resource Quality: A Case Study of Lankao County in Henan

FAN Peng, WANG Ziwei, SHAO Hongqi, YANG Qingwei, WANG Lei, YANG Xihui

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (10): 83-88. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0401

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This study utilized trend analysis and comparative analysis methods to analyze the changes of soil conditions over various years at soil monitoring sample points and their subsequent effects on grain yield, using data extracted from the cultivated land resource quality classification monitoring in Lankao County. The findings demonstrated that enhancements in grain yield could be attributed to the increase of soil organic matter content and a reasonable augmentation of soil pH. For the purpose of yield optimization, it was suggested that the utilization of organic fertilizers should be increased on the premise of soil testing and formula fertilization, consequently ameliorating the soil organic matter content. Concurrently, context-specific measures for improving soil pH should be devised, considering the unique characteristics of the local soil and the types of predominant crops.

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Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Habitat Quality in the West Qinling Mountains Based on Land Use Change from 1990 to 2020

LUO Li, LI Xiaodan, LIU Xuelu, LIU Xingyu, LI Quanxi, MAO Zixuan, MA Biao

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (8): 101-111. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0681

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The aims is to further understand the status of habitat quality, spatial distribution characteristics and their relationship with land-use type changes in the western Qinling region, with a view to solving the territorial spatial problems such as degradation of habitat quality, damage to ecosystems, imbalance of spatial patterns, and irrational exploitation and utilization of natural resources in the region. In this study, with the help of InVEST, the habitat quality model, land use degree index, and bivariate spatial autocorrelation were used to simulate and evaluate the habitat quality of West Qinling in the past 30 years based on the land use data of Qinzhou District, Kang County, and Luqu County in West Qinling from 1990 to 2020. The results showed that: (1) the area of cultivated land in the northeast of West Qinling decreased significantly; in the south and west, the decrease of land was dominated by the grassland and unutilized land, and the area of other land-use types increased; (2) the main change of habitats in the northeast and south of West Qinling was the transition from higher to higher grade habitats, while the middle and lower grade habitats were transitioning to lower grade habitats; in the west, it was mainly a process of changing from higher to medium grade habitats and lower to lower grade habitats, and the overall habitat quality was in the middle to upper level; (3) the habitat quality in the northeast and south of West Qinling was negatively correlated with the degree of land use, and the degree of correlation had a tendency to weaken; the degree of land use in the west was positively correlated with the quality of habitats and there was a phenomenon of spatial agglomeration, with spatial agglomeration increasing and then decreasing. (4) Over the past 30 years, the degree of habitat degradation in West Qinling had been on an upward trend, and the spatial distribution was generally high in the northeast, east and south, and low in the west and northwest. The simulation and evaluation of the habitat quality of West Qinling in the past 30 years can provide scientific references for the improvement of the habitat quality of West Qinling, the protection of land resources, and the direction of regional land use.

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Study on Improvement Effect of Compound Improvers on Salinized Soil at Low-lying Farmland in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area

DOU Bingyan, JING Hefang, LI Chunguang, WANG Weihong, ZHANG Wensheng

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2024, 40 (7): 93-100. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0258

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At some low-lying farmlands in Ningxia irrigation area, the groundwater level usually is relatively high, which leads to heavy soil salinization. Adding soil improvers in farmlands is one of the valid methods to solve the problem of soil salinization. To study the improvement effect of different amendments on saline-alkali soil at the low-lying farmland of Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area, a salinized farmland with low terrain and shallow groundwater depth at Nanliang farm in Yinbei area was improved by using different amendments. A total of 10 treatment groups were set up, including control group, single application of furfural residue, single application of desulfurization gypsum, compound application of furfural residue and desulfurization gypsum with different application amount. The study area was divided into several subareas, where applied different treatment groups of ameliorants, and planted helianthus annuus. The growth index and yield of helianthus annuus under different treatment groups were compared and analyzed, as well as the total salt content, salt ions and pH value of soil after harvest of helianthus annuus, and the optimal improvement scheme of salinized soil in this region was explored. The results showed that: in the surface soil, compared with the control group, the total salt content decreased significantly after the compound application of furfural residue and desulfurization gypsum. The salt content decreased by 10.44%, 10.14% and 0.88% under the different application amounts of low, medium and high, compared with the control group. Single application of furfural residue or desulfurization gypsum did not reduce the salinity significantly. In general, application of compound improvers of furfural residue and desulfurization gypsum had significant effects on reducing soil total salt content, sodium adsorption ratio, and increasing crop yield. The optimal mixture ratio of furfural residue and desulfurization gypsum was 7:3, and optimal application amount was 17960 kg/hm².

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Peasant Household’s Decision-making Willingness of Land Circulation and Its Influencing Factors——A Case Study of Rongchang District in Chongqing

XIN Guixin, DENG Hua

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (2): 94-100. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0075

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With the overall victory against poverty and the deepening of the strategy of rural revitalization, the land transfer in mountainous and hilly areas has attracted increasing attention from all walks of life. Based on the endogenous perspective of peasant household endowment, this paper discusses the relationship between land transfer and household characteristics of peasant households, and constructs a variable index system affecting the decision-making intention of peasant households on land transfer using the questionnaire data of 333 peasant households in Rongchang District of Chongqing. Through Logistic regression model analysis, it is found that farmers' willingness to make decisions on land transfer depends on their family endowment characteristics to a certain extent. The significance of influencing factors is ranked as farmer gender > proportion of crop income > farmer age > per capita cultivated land area > degree of cultivated land fragmentation, indicating that men still play a leading role in family decision-making. The age of the head of the household, the proportion of the household planting income, the per capita cultivated land area of the household, the degree of cultivated land fragmentation and the decision intention of land transfer have a strong inverse relationship. Therefore, in order to build a stable long-term land circulation relationship, the policy design should pay attention to make up for the shortcomings in the endowment of rural households, and promote the improvement of their economic status or development capacity through the income distribution and sharing mechanism.

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Study on the Relationship Between Cultivated Land Quality and Landscape Pattern Index--Taking Yingtan City of Jiangxi Province as An Example

ZOU Hengyu, YE Yingcong, KUANG Lihua

Journal of Agriculture 2024, 14 (1): 44-52. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0168

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Studying the relationship between cultivated land quality and landscape patterns can provide a scientific basis for strengthening the protection and enhancement of national cultivated land quality. Using 2022 cultivated land quality data in Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province, the study comprehensively analyzed the overall cultivated land quality situation in Yingtan based on the cultivated land quality evaluation. Landscape pattern indices such as patch area, percent of landscape, edge density, patch density, landscape shape index, mean patch size, landscape division index, contagion index, and Shannon’s diversity index were selected to calculate in Fragstats 4.2 software, and then cultivated land area weighted average national natural level index, cultivated land area weighted average national use level index and cultivated land area weighted average national economic level index were correlated with the selected cultivated landscape pattern indices, respectively. It was concluded that the cultivated land quality national natural level index was significantly and negatively correlated with the edge density of cultivated land, with a correlation coefficient of -0.393 (P<0.01); the cultivated land quality national use level index was significantly and positively correlated with the mean patch size of cultivated land and the Shannon’s diversity index, with correlation coefficients of 0.343 (P<0.01) and 0.416 (P<0.01), respectively; the cultivated land quality national economic level index was significantly and negatively correlated with the edge density of cultivated land, with a correlation coefficient of -0.381 (P<0.01). Thus, there was a clear correlation between some of the landscape pattern indices and cultivated land quality, which could reflect to some extent the correlation between cultivated land quality and landscape pattern indices within the region. The results of the study can provide scientific references for the improvement and protection of cultivated land quality from the perspective of landscape pattern, and also have certain practical significance for the national level decision-making on the optimization of regional spatial layout of cultivated land.

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Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Land Use in the Distribution Area of Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest

DING Jida, PU Zhi, TANG Fang, TIAN Yongqiang

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (31): 96-105. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0832

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The paper aims to study the land use change in the distribution area of wild fruit forests in Tianshan. Based on 8 periods of land use data from 1980 to 2020 in the Tianshan wild fruit forest distribution area, a land use geo-information mapping system with 7 time series was constructed to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of land use changes in the Tianshan wild fruit forest distribution area. The results showed that: (1) the land use structure of the Tianshan wild fruit forest distribution area was dominated by grassland and arable land, accounting for about 80% of the total area. (2) The mapping of land use change was dominated by the mutual transformation between forest land and grassland and the increase of cultivated land, while the overall change of other land types was small. (3) The net growth of grassland was the largest, followed by cropland; the shrinkage of forest land was the most serious, with a precipitous decline at the later stage. (4) The land use change pattern was mainly stable and unchanging, followed by late change type, and the smallest proportion of full-period change type; late land use changes were more frequent than the early period. (5) The frequency spectrum of land use change was dominated by stable and unchanging regions, followed by low-frequency regions, both of which accounted for more than 98%, so the overall land use structure was more stable. The study analyzed the characteristics of spatial and temporal evolution of land use in the distribution area of Tianshan wild fruit forest, revealed the land use change pattern in the study area, and provided basis for optimal scheduling of Tianshan wild fruit forest resources.

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Research on the Reduction and Reuse of Collective Construction Land: Progress and Prospect

FAN Wenyang, LIU Yu

Journal of Agriculture 2023, 13 (10): 95-100. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0098

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Based on the systematic review of relevant literature, this paper summarizes the main progress of the research on the reduction of construction land from four aspects: the types and characteristics of collective construction land, the identification of reduced land blocks, the optimization of the reuse direction of reduced land and the mechanism of reuse guarantee, and then puts forward the important direction of further research on the reduction of collective construction land. The results show that the classification system of collective construction land has yet to reach a consensus, the identification model and reuse path of collective construction land reduction plot are actively explored, and the policy mechanism of construction land reduction has a preliminary framework and is being popularized and applied. On the whole, the research on the reduction of collective construction land has a certain foundation. The deepening development of technology progress and land resource utilization management concept will promote the further research on the reduction of collective construction land, including exploring the characteristics and laws of collective construction land utilization, constructing the space-time allocation model of collective construction land reduction, and promoting the innovation of efficient reuse path and measures of reduced land. The research provides a reference for the further development of related research.

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Spatial Variability Characteristics of Cultivated Land Soil pH and Its Dominating Factors in Xi’an City

SUN Xijun, LV Shuang, GAO Ying, CAI Miao, MENG Jing, LI Quan

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2023, 39 (29): 59-67. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0902

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Based on high-density sampling in the field, the spatial variability of soil pH and its influencing factors in cultivated land in Xi’an were analyzed by using the methods of geostatistics and GIS. The results showed that: (1) soil pH of cultivated land ranged from 5.8 to 8.9, with an average of pH 7.63±0.57. Meanwhile, coefficient of variation was 7.47%, which indicated a weak variability. (2) When ordinary Kriging interpolation was performed, soil pH was best fitted by the spherical model with no order trend effect, and the model nugget coefficient was 26.30%, showing a moderate spatial correlation. (3) Soil pH of cultivated land generally showed an increasing trend from south to north in the spatial distribution. The ratio of acidic soil, neutral soil, alkaline soil and highly alkaline soil were 1.47 %, 25.16%, 72.83% and 0.54%, respectively. In general, cultivated land soil in Xi’an was mainly alkaline and neutral soil. (4) The factors of soil parent material, soil type, soil texture, landform type, soil organic matter and elevation had significant impacts on spatial variability of soil pH. Altitude, soil type and soil parent material were able to independently explain 21.7%, 10.9% and 7.7% of soil pH spatial variability, and that far higher than other factors. So altitude, soil type and soil parent material could be used as the three main dominating factors for analyzing the spatial variability of soil pH in cultivated land in Xi’an. The research results could provide a reference for balanced fertilization management, cultivated land quality protection and upgrading regional ecological environment construction in Xi’an.

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