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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10): 6-12.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-0492

所属专题： 园艺； 农业生态

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

树木对重金属的抗性机理研究进展

郝瑞芝 余洋 武佳叶 安新民 荆艳萍   

  • 收稿日期:2012-02-20 修回日期:2012-03-02 出版日期:2012-04-05 发布日期:2012-04-05
  • 基金资助:

    国家林业公益性项目“重要乡土树种核心种质评价及高效育种共性技术研究”

Research Progress on Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Resistance in Trees

  • Received:2012-02-20 Revised:2012-03-02 Online:2012-04-05 Published:2012-04-05

PDF (PC)

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摘要：

土壤重金属污染问题是当今世界较为严重的环境问题之一。树木生物量高，根系发达，一般不进入食物链，一些树木对环境中重金属具有较强的吸收和积累作用，防止土壤金属污染的扩散。为了深入探索树木应对重金属污染的抗性机理，笔者主要从根系分泌物、内生细菌与菌根、螯合作用、抗氧化系统以及区室化作用等方面综述了近年来，尤其是近5年来树木应对重金属的抗性机制研究进展，发现由于重金属对于树木毒害作用的多方面性，树木重金属抗性机理具有复杂性，因此许多机理仍不清晰，今后还需要利用不断更新的技术手段，研究其不同抗性机理的协同作用，对其机制进行更深入系统的研究。最后，笔者展望了通过生物技术手段的改造，将树木应用于环境修复的前景。

关键词: 合肥, 合肥

Abstract:

Soil contamination by heavy metals has become one of the most serious environmental problems in the world. Trees have deep roots, produce abundant biomass, generally do not enter the human food chain, and several species revealed the capacity to tolerate and accumulate heavy metals, created a barrier to prevent the spread of heavy metal pollution. In order to thoroughly explore the resistance mechanism of trees to heavy metal pollution, the author reviewed the advances on the mechanisms of heavy metal resistance in trees, including the following aspects: root exudates, endophytic bacteria and mychorrhizas, metal chelation, antioxidant system and compartmentalization in recent years. Heavy metal brought about multidimensional impact on trees and the resistance mechanisms of trees was complexity. Hence, more in-depth research was needed in the future. At last, the prospects of exploitation of trees for remediation through biotechnology tools were provided.