逆境胁迫下植物 DNA甲基化及其在抗旱育种中的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-1239

摘要/Abstract

摘要： DNA甲基化作为一种重要的表观遗传现象，通过多种甲基转移酶的作用，能够在不改变DNA序列的情况下调节植物基因组的功能。此外，DNA甲基化能够对多种环境刺激做出迅速的反应，帮助植物应对不同的环境胁迫。由于DNA甲基化的变异可以遗传给后代，这种类似于经典遗传学的特性使其为植物育种中的应用提供了可能。对植物DNA甲基化的特点和变异的发生以及DNA甲基化在植物多种逆境胁迫下的研究进展等方面进行了总结和综述，并探讨了DNA甲基化在植物抗旱性育种中的应用前景。在将来的研究中可利用DNA甲基化/去甲基化抑制剂处理创造突变材料，创造抗旱性新种质；同时深入开展植物DNA甲基化与抗旱机制研究，开发新型甲基化分子标记用于抗旱分子育种实践。

关键词: 产量, 产量

Abstract: DNA methylation, as one of the most important epigenetic phenomena, can regulate the function of plant genome without changing the DNA sequence via the effect of various DNA methyltransferases. DNA methylation patterns are sensitive to various environmental stimuli, which can endow plants with heritable stress adaptation. And the trans-generation effects of DNA methylation might make its application in plant breeding possible. The paper summarized the genetical backgrounds of DNA methylation and gave a scenario of the origin and variation of DNA methylation in plants. And previous researches done about DNA methylation modification under various abiotic stresses were also elaborated in the paper. Future research might be focus on drought-resistant germplasm creation with methylationa/demethylation inhibitor, deciphering mechanism of drought resistance via DNA methylation and exploring of new DNA methylation bio-markers useful for plant breeding.

杨美娜杨瑰丽郭涛刘永柱张建国陈志强王慧. 逆境胁迫下植物 DNA甲基化及其在抗旱育种中的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(6): 6-11.

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