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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (10): 201-206.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-3897

所属专题： 生物技术

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

缓释氧肥对水淹胁迫短梗大参生理生化指标的影响

王蕾 何钢 王静 杜林倩   

  • 收稿日期:2012-12-03 修回日期:2013-01-01 出版日期:2013-04-05 发布日期:2013-04-05

  • Received:2012-12-03 Revised:2013-01-01 Online:2013-04-05 Published:2013-04-05

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摘要： 研究缓释氧肥对短梗大参抗涝特性的生理学机制影响，期望为涝害农林业生产提供理论依据。以短梗大参为研究对象，以水淹为胁迫因子，将短梗大参进行3个水平处理：A水平，正常管护；B水平，单一水淹；C水平，水淹并施加相应的缓释氧肥，运用生理生化方法研究了外施缓释氧肥对水淹胁迫短梗大参在生理水平、生化水平方面的缓解效应和机理。研究结果表明：B水平，水淹第10天，叶绿素含量和根系活力较对照A分别下降了58.2%、86%，MDA含量和质膜相对透性分别是对照A的5.9、2.5倍；超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活力呈现骤升骤降的变化，15天左右完全失活。C水平，水淹第10天，叶绿素含量和根系活力较对照分别下降了10%、25%，丙二醛(MDA)含量和质膜相对透性分别是对照的2.2、1.9倍；SOD和POD活力曲线小幅度的上升后又下降到对照水平，总体比较稳定。综上所述，缓释氧肥的施加显著缓解了水淹胁迫下短梗大参叶绿素含量和根系活力的下降，抑制了MDA含量的上升，降低了质膜相对透性，提高了SOD、POD的活性，降低了膜脂过氧化程度，减小了水分胁迫造成的伤害，保证了植物的正常生长，说明外施缓释氧肥有利于提高短梗大参对水淹胁迫的耐性。

关键词: 根系, 根系

Abstract: The aim was to study the effect of slow-release oxygen fertilizer on the anti-waterlogging mechanism of Macropanax rosthornii, and provide theoretical basis for agricultural and forestal production. In this paper, Macropanax rosthornii was chosen as experimental material, water was selected as the stress factor, Macropanax rosthorniis cultivated in three different lab conditions: A level was normal managed; B level was flooded; C level was flooded, as well as also treated with slow-release oxygen fertilizer. The relationship between slow-release oxygen fertilizer and waterlogging stress as well as the mechanisms for the protection of plants from the anoxic effects of waterlogging stress were systemically studied using the physiological and biochemical methods. The results were as follows: compared to control A, the change of physiological and biochemical index in B treatment: when the water logging reached the tenth day, the chlorophyll content and root activity of Macropanax rosthornii leaves decreased by 58.2% and 86%, the relative permeability of membrane and malondialdehyde (MDA) of Macropanax rosthornii leaves increased by 250% and 590%. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activity plunged sharply, completely lost activity about 15 days. Compared to control A, the change of physiological and biochemical index in C treatment: when the water logging reached the tenth day, the chlorophyll content and root activity of Macropanax rosthornii leaves decreased by 10% and 25%, the relative permeability of membrane and MDA of Macropanax rosthornii leaves increased by 190% and 220%; SOD and POD activity rosed firstly then fell to CK level. To sum up, slow release-oxygen fertilizer significantly eased the decline of chlorophyll content and root vigor, restrained the MDA content, reduced plasma membrane relative permeability, improved the SOD, POD activity, reduced membrane lipid peroxidation and the damage caused by water stress, ensured the plant grow normally, which suggested apply slow-release oxygen fertilizer to improve Macropanax rosthornii in water flooded stress patience.