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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (21): 51-56.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0232

所属专题： 玉米

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

夏玉米行距与株距交互作用对产量及产量构成的影响

张胜爱 郝秀钗 王志辉 崔爱珍 陈素英   

  • 收稿日期:2013-01-23 修回日期:2013-03-04 出版日期:2013-07-25 发布日期:2013-07-25
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新项目“作物根系调控与土壤水肥高效利用”和石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划“农田循环高效耕作关键技术（模式）研究与示范”

Interactive Effects of Different Combination of Row Spacing and Plant Distance on the Yield and Yield Components of Summer Maize

  • Received:2013-01-23 Revised:2013-03-04 Online:2013-07-25 Published:2013-07-25

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摘要： 为寻求华北平原粮食高产区夏玉米合理的种植密度，实现夏玉米高产和稳产。在大田条件下，进行了以玉米行距为主处理，不同株距为副处理的裂区试验对夏玉米产量及产量结构的影响。结果表明，60 cm行距的玉米产量低于50 cm的产量。在行距为50 cm时，以25 cm和28 cm株距的玉米产量较高，且差异不显著，33 cm株距的玉米产量居中，22 cm株距的玉米产量最低。在行距为60 cm时，以22 cm和25 cm株距的产量较高。不同行距和株距对玉米穗粒数的影响较大，各处理间的差异显著，宽行距和宽株距都有利于穗粒数的增加。而玉米的千粒重则受行距和株距的影响较小，60 cm和50 cm行距下的玉米千粒重差异不显著，25 cm和28 cm株距的千粒重较大。因此，华北平原冬小麦/夏玉米一年两熟种植模式中，冬小麦收获后机械播种夏玉米，行株距为50 cm×28 cm组合有利于夏玉米产量的发挥。

关键词: 工艺, 工艺

Abstract: To study the suitable plant density of summer maize and keep high yield of summer maize in the North China plain. Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different row spacing, planting distance and their interactive effects on the yield and yield components of summer maize. Split plot design was used with row spacing of 60 cm and 50 cm in the main plots and plant distance of 22 cm, 25 cm, 28 cm and 33 cm treatments in the sub-plots. The results showed that, the yield of 60 cm row spacing treatment was lower than that of 50 cm row spacing treatment. With 50 cm row spacing, the yield with 25 cm and 28 cm plant distance treatments were much higher. There was no significant difference between the two treatments. 22 cm plant distance treatments produced the lowest yield, and the yield of 33 cm treatment was in middle. With 60 cm row spacing, the yield with 22 cm and 25 cm plant distance treatments were much higher. There was no significant difference between the two treatments. 33 cm plant distance treatments produced the lowest yield, and the yield of 28 cm treatment was in middle. Row spacing and planting distance significantly affected the kernels per spike. Wide row spacing and wide plant distance increased the kernels per spike. Seed weight was less affected by row spacing. There was no significant difference between 60 cm and 50 cm row spacing in seed weight. The highest seed weight was achieved with the treatments of 28 cm and 25 cm plant distant. There was significant difference among the treatments. The results showed that the combination of 50 cm row spacing and 28 cm plant distant was beneficial to high yielding of summer maize in the North China Plain.