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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (30): 105-111.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0479

所属专题： 油料作物

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮肥施用量对超早熟大豆源库关系、产量和品质的影响

姜璐 宁海龙 李文霞 王强 魏淑红 丁济文   

  • 收稿日期:2013-02-25 修回日期:2013-05-14 出版日期:2013-10-25 发布日期:2013-10-25

Effect of Nitrogen Dosage on source-sink Relationship, Yield and Quality in Super Early Type Soybean

  • Received:2013-02-25 Revised:2013-05-14 Online:2013-10-25 Published:2013-10-25

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摘要： 为研究施氮量对超早熟大豆生长发育及产量和品质形成的影响，通过设置不同施氮量，测定了超早熟大豆品种‘黑河44’不同生长阶段源和库各器官的变化。结果表明，随着施氮量的增加，产量和蛋白质含量提高，油份含量下降。增施氮肥均可以提高从苗期至鼓粒期的叶鲜重积累速度，降低叶片的老化和脱落速度，在鼓粒期前，增施氮肥可以促进叶干重的增加。在苗期降低茎鲜重，花期和鼓粒期增加茎鲜重，在全生育期均促进茎干重提高。增施氮肥从全生育期降低根干重的增加速度，在花芽分化期至结荚期提高根鲜重增加的速度，在鼓粒期和完熟期降低了根老化的速度。增施氮肥时，提高鲜荚皮重量的增加，荚皮干重的积累量减少。籽粒鲜重和干重随施氮量的增加，积累速度加快。

关键词: 生理生化, 生理生化

Abstract: In order to optimize cultivating technologies for soybean production in super early type of soybean varieties, effects of nitrogen level on source-sink relationship and yield and quality were researched in present paper. By setting different nitrogen application rate, measured changes in different growth stages sources and libraries of various organs of the ultra - early maturing soybean varieties ‘Heihe 44’. The main results showed that, as nitrogen usage increased, the yield and protein content were improved and oil content descended. Added nitrogen usage doze accelerate accumulation of fresh and dried leaves weight and lessen the rate of aging and falling up of leaf. Under higher nitrogen usage, dried weight of stem were increased in the whole growth period and fresh stem weight increased at flowering and pod bearing stage and descended at seedling stage. Dried root weight accumulation were slowed by added nitrogen usage in whole growth period, fresh root weight accumulation were accelerated at stage of flower bud differentiation and aging rate were lowered at seed filling period and full ripe stage. Fresh pod wall weight increased and dried pod wall decreased as the nitrogen dosage increased. Fresh and dried seed weight increased by added nitrogen dosage.