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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (35): 362-367.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0489

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴； 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

震后30年唐山城市发展对局地气候的影响

龚宇 郑秉浩 王璞   

  • 收稿日期:2013-02-26 修回日期:2013-03-15 出版日期:2013-12-15 发布日期:2013-12-15
  • 基金资助:
    唐山城市资源环境与县域城市协同发展研究

The Effect of Urbanization on Local Climate in Tangshan Nearly 30 Years After Earthquake

  • Received:2013-02-26 Revised:2013-03-15 Online:2013-12-15 Published:2013-12-15

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摘要： 地震后的唐山已经快速发展成为一座典型的重工业城市。为了摸清这类重工业城市快速发展对局地气候变化的影响，笔者利用1977—2006年唐山及周边郊区4县（滦县、滦南、丰润、丰南）的气候监测资料和统计数据，采用多元统计分析方法分析了唐山城郊气温、降水量、风速的变化特点，城市化发展对唐山城郊年平均气温的影响。结果表明：（1）唐山城市化发展对局地气候影响最为明显的是温度因子，降水、风速的影响波动性很大，无明显的规律性变化特征。城郊年平均温差为0.51℃，增加率约为0.17℃/10 a。1990年后城郊年平均气温差为0.67℃，1997年后城郊年平均气温差为0.82℃；（2）唐山城郊温度差异与累积建筑竣工面积、全社会耗能、建成区面积等呈正相关，与城区人口、工业总产值的相关关系不明显。这种情况可能是重工业城市的经济结构不同、能源消耗及排放物等有别于其他城市造成。

关键词: 品质, 品质

Abstract: Tangshan has become a typical heavy industry city since the earthquake. The observational and statistical data were applied to analyze the temperature, rainfall, character of the wind speed variation in the area of Tangshan during 1977-2006. The multiple regression method was used to analyze the impact of the urbanization on the average temperature. The results showed that: (1) the temperature factor was the most effected. The rainfall and the wind speed varied obviously without regularity. The annual temperature range was 0.51℃, the increasing rate was 0.17℃/10 a. However, the annual temperature range was 0.67℃ after 1990. (2) The temperature discrepancy was closely related to the cumulative areas of construction, the dissipation energy of the whole society and the current urban area, but not obviously related to the city’s population and the total value of industrial output. The situation was caused possibly by the differences of the economic structure, energy consumption and exhaust emission in different cities.