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中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 61-67.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1459

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

泥鳅的人工繁殖与苗种培育初步研究

朱光来 赵子明   

  • 收稿日期:2013-05-23 修回日期:2013-07-23 出版日期:2014-02-15 发布日期:2014-02-15
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省水产三项工程 “琥湖泊、 水库、 河流小型彩色鱼类资源开发与利用” (PJ2011-56)。

The Preliminary Study on Artificial Propagation and Fry Rearing of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

  • Received:2013-05-23 Revised:2013-07-23 Online:2014-02-15 Published:2014-02-15

摘要: 为了寻找泥鳅繁殖的最佳催产剂配比、催产温度及苗种培育开口饵料的最佳选择。通过注射不同的催产药物,在不同的水温下进行人工催产,苗种培育过程中选择不同的开口饵料进行投喂。本次试验研究发现:雌鳅的怀卵量跟性成熟度成正比,即性成熟度越高其怀卵量也越高,成熟系数为24%的雌鱼绝对怀卵量相对怀卵量分别为62142和990粒而成熟系数为9%的雌鱼仅为18207和367粒。不同的催产药物对泥鳅催产的效果不同,促黄体生成素释放激素类似物(LRH-A2)相对比绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)效果好,使用绒毛膜促性腺激素,受精率78.84%,而使用促黄体生成素释放激素类似物(LRH-A2),受精率为83.04%。上述2种激素按照一定比例(LRH-A2 5μg∕尾,HCG100 IU∕尾)可提高催产效果,受精率可达89.17%。在一定的温度范围内,温度越高泥鳅的催产效果越好。水温在(30±0.5)℃之间是泥鳅人工催产的最适水温,效应时间6~8 h,催产率为93.33%,受精率为89.26%。在苗种的培育过程中开口饵料是至关重要的,用轮虫(以萼花臂尾轮虫、角突臂尾轮虫为主)作为泥鳅仔鱼的开口饵料,其仔鱼成活率最高,成活率为93.3%,其他依次为卤虫幼体、微粒子配合饲料、蛋黄。合理搭配开口饵料能够促进仔鱼的生长,投喂蛋黄+轮虫的泥鳅仔鱼生长速度明显高于其他单独投喂的3组,投喂蛋黄+轮虫的鳅苗,其生长速度是单独投喂蛋黄的1.21倍,是单独投喂轮虫的1.04倍,是单独投喂卤虫幼体的1.11倍。

关键词: 筛选, 筛选

Abstract: The objective of this study was to find the optimum matching of hormones, water temperature and larval rearing weaning food. The methods were injected different hormones at different temperature during re-production and feeding different weaning food during seeding rearing. As studies have demonstrated that the fecundity of female Misgurnus anguillicaudatus was proportional to the sexual maturity, i.e. the higher sexual maturity, the more fecundity. For female Misgurnus anguillicaudatus which had a mature coefficient of 24%, the value of which absolute fecundity and relative fecundity of were 62142 and 990, respectively. But that of a mature coefficient of 9% were only 18207 and 367, respectively. The result indicated that different hormones had different effects towards Misgurnus anguillicaudatus’re-production, the effect of LRH-A2 was better compared to HCG, the fertilization rate of which were 83.04% and 78.84, respectively. The effect of spawning effect could improve which fertilization rate could reach 89.17% if those two hormones were mixed according to a certain proportion (LRH-A2 5μg per fish, HCG 100 IU per fish).When the temperature was increased, the spawning effect became better. The optimum water temperature of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus’ re-production ranged between (30±0.5)℃, the effect time of 6-8 h, induced spawning rate of 93.33% , fertilization rate of 89.26%. Weaning food was a very crucial factor during the cultivating of the Misgurnusanguillicaudatus. The result showed that larva survival rate could reach the highest point which was 93.3% when used rotifers as the weaning food, anemia nauplius, microparticle diets, egg yolk. Reasonable arrangement of weaning food could promote the growth of larval fish, as a result, the growth rate of larval conducted by a combination of egg yolk and rotifers was much higher than other three groups, which was 1.21, 1.04, 1.11 times faster than that of egg yolk, rotifers, anemia nauplius, respectively.