森林凋落物组分的气象影响分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 凋落物是连接植被与土壤的“纽带”，直接影响森林生态系统的物质循环和能量流动。基于1977年以来森林的凋落量及气象资料，分析中国天然林和人工林凋落量不同组分的气象影响状况。结果表明，无论是天然林还是人工林，叶、枝和花果凋落量之间达到显著或极显著相关(P<0.05, P<0.01)。天然林凋落量各组分与气象因子的相关系数明显高于人工林。天然林叶、枝和花果凋落量与年平均最低气温相关性较高，相关系数分别为0.51、0.45、0.58(P<0.01)；树皮凋落量与年平均风速呈显著负相关，相关系数为-0.76(P<0.05)。气温明显影响着人工林叶、枝、花果凋落物的凋落，相关系数在0.26~0.37之间(P<0.05, P<0.01)。通径分析发现，年平均气温、年平均最低气温和年平均最高气温是影响叶、枝和花果凋落量的主要气象因素。森林类型来源不同，凋落物不同组分受气温的影响存在差异。

关键词: ‘云抗10号’, ‘云抗10号’, 红碎茶, 香气成分

Abstract: Litter acts as a connection between plants and soil and directly affects on the nutrient and energy cycling of forest ecosystems. Based on the data of the literature from 1977 in China, including annual litterfall production and climatic factors of forest, the author analyzed the influences of climatic factors on the components of forest litterfall production in natural and planted forests, respectively. The results showed that: correlation had reached significant or very significant among leaves, twig and fruit & flowers litterfall production regardless of in natural forest or planted forest (P<0.05, P<0.01). Correlation coefficients were higher between litterfall production components and climatic factors in natural forest than in planted forest. Annual mean minimum temperature had the better correlation with leaves, twig and fruit &flowers litterfall production in natural forest and their correlation coefficients were 0.51, 0.45 and 0.58, respectively (P<0.01). There was a remarkably negative correlation between bark litterfall production and annual mean wind speed in natural forest and its correlation coefficient was -0.76 (P<0.05)。Air temperature had obviously affected on leaves, twig and fruit &flowers litterfall production in planted forest, and their correlation coefficients were from 0.26 to 0.37 (P<0.05, P<0.01). Through PATH analysis, it was found that annual mean temperature, annual mean maximum temperature and annual mean minimum temperature were main factors affecting on leaves, twig and fruit &flowers litterfall production. There were differences in influence degree of air temperature on the components of litterfall production due to different source of forest types.

吕国红李荣平温日红谢艳兵王笑影. 森林凋落物组分的气象影响分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(19): 1-6.

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