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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (36): 91-97.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1636

所属专题： 玉米

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

施氮对不同氮效率玉米籽粒灌浆的影响

黄彦凯,申丽霞,李 婷   

  1. (太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,太原 030024）
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-10 修回日期:2014-12-30 接受日期:2014-10-21 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 申丽霞
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“不同氮效率基因型玉米籽粒发育差异研究”(31271645)；山西省自然科学基金“玉米穗粒数形成的生理特性研究”(2009011038-4)。

Effect of Nitrogen Supply on Grain Filling in Maize with Different Nitrogen Efficiency

Huang Yankai, Shen Lixia, Li Ting   

  1. (College of Water Conservancy and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024)
  • Received:2014-06-10 Revised:2014-12-30 Accepted:2014-10-21 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要： 不同的玉米品种在吸收利用氮效率方面存在着显著差异，因此确定不同品种玉米的氮效率很有必要。玉米施氮后的生长效果可以在籽粒灌浆期表现出来。很多学者在对于相同的施氮条件下不同玉米品种间的灌浆特性差异方面做出了不少研究，然而对于不同施氮条件下的灌浆特性差异却鲜有报道。本试验通过观察玉米灌浆动态，旨在确定不同玉米品种氮效率差异的基础上，比较品种间的灌浆特性差异。试验于2013年5月1日—10月7日进行，在大田条件下，以‘屯玉99’、‘潞玉19’、‘先玉335’为材料，对不同供氮水平N0、N1、N2（施纯氮量分别为0、140、210 kg/hm2）下春玉米顶部、中下部籽粒的灌浆动态进行研究。结果表明，‘屯玉99’籽粒鲜重、干重表现为N2＞N1＞N0，‘潞玉19’表现为N1＞N2＞N0，‘先玉335’表现为施氮(N1、N2)＞无氮(N0)，其中N1、N2间差别不大。N1条件下的‘潞玉19’发育优势最为显著，其次是N2条件下的‘屯玉99’，N1、N2条件下的‘先玉335’优势最不明显。施氮对顶部籽粒发育的促进作用明显高于中下部籽粒。

关键词: 品质, 品质

Abstract: The field experiment was carried out from May 1 to October 7 in 2013. Different kinds of maize behave greatly different in aspect of absorbing and using nitrogen, so it is very essential to confirm their nitrogen quantity demanded. Effects of nitrogen fertilization can reflect on the growth of grains at their filling stage. Many scholars have done quite a lot of experiments about grain filling difference between different kinds of maize in the same condition of nitrogen application, while there are little reports applying different conditions of nitrogen application. The purpose of the experiment is to confirm the nitrogen quantity demanded, and compare the difference between different maize varieties by researching the stage of grain filling. The treatment consisted of different maize varieties (‘Tunyu99’, ‘Luyu19’, ‘Xianyu335’) and nitrogen supply rates: N0, N1, N2 (0 kg/hm2, 140 kg/hm2, 210 kg/hm2). The results showed that ‘Tunyu99’ grew best in N2, ‘Luyu19’ in N1 and ‘Xianyu335’ in both N1 and N2. Compared with N0, the order of different advantage in nitrogen supply was ‘Luyu19’ in N1, ‘Tunyu99’ in N2 and ‘Xianyu335’ in N1 and N2. Grains at the top position presented better development than those at the bottom in sides of weight difference. Grains of ‘Luyu19 ’dehydrate more obviously than ‘Tunyu 99’ and ‘Xianyu 335’.