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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 68-72.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1786

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

“姜”及其相关植物的原植物考

刘海明1,夏晓飞1,韩 冬1,王凌凌1,李亚蒙2   

  1. (1北京自然博物馆,北京 100050；2临沂大学,山东临沂 276005）
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-26 修回日期:2015-01-28 接受日期:2014-12-12 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 李亚蒙
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目“山东山旺中中新世硅藻土纹层与东亚季风气候的关系”(41102017)；临沂大学博士科研启动基金项目“山东山旺中中新世硅藻土纹层的高分辨率解析技术研究”(LYDX2013BS045)。

Research on the Original Plants of “Ginger” and Its Corresponding Plants

Liu Haiming1, Xia Xiaofei1, Han Dong1, Wang Lingling1, Li Yameng2   

  1. (1Beijing Museum of Natural History, Beijing 100050; 2Linyi University, Linyi Shandong 276005)
  • Received:2014-06-26 Revised:2015-01-28 Accepted:2014-12-12 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要： 为研究中国古籍文献中记载的“姜”以及与“姜”有关植物的科学名称以及分类学，从有文字记载的历史文献开始，逐一整理出在不同历史时期典型文献中出现的“姜”，利用植物分类学的方法，结合比较形态学的分析方法，确定了“姜”的原植物为姜科姜属的Zingiber officinale Roscoe。同时，整理出与“姜”有关的植物10种，涉及到名称12个，确定了其中8种植物的原植物的科学名称。对“姜”及其相关植物的原植物的考证，以案例分析的方式，将今论古，对历史典籍中记载的“姜”进行分类学研究，并认为尽管中国先民没有建立起完整的现代植物分类学体系，但是对植物的认识依然非常清晰、明确，并确定中国先民早在北魏时期就已经掌握了用无性繁殖的方式繁育“姜”的方法。

关键词: 棉子, 棉子, 近红外光谱, 含油量, 回归方程

Abstract: There were twelve kinds of plants named as “Ginger” or related to ginger in Chinese historical literature, which made it confused when analyzing the features and taxonomy of the plants of ginger. Analysis using the method of plant taxonomy and comparative morphology was carried out on the plants of “Ginger” and those related to it in the historical documents. The comparison showed that Zingiber officinale Roscoe was the scientific name of the original plants of “Ginger”. At the same time, the other eight plants related to ginger were made clear. The study was the first such kind of case analysis on the original plants of the ginger and its corresponding plants described in the Chinese historical literatures. The results showed that the understanding on the features of the plants of ginger was clear and explicit though there was no integrated natural taxonomic system established in the past. At the same time, the study found that the method of vegetative propagation had been mastered in the planting of ginger in the period of the Northern Wei about 1600 years ago.