欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 105-111.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-2315

所属专题： 油料作物； 园艺； 农业气象

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候变化对重庆油菜生产的影响

黄华磊1,周 燕1,李焕梅2,刘 涛1,刘 康2,石有明1   

  1. (1重庆市农业科学院特色作物研究所,重庆 402160；2重庆市永川区气象局,重庆 402160）
  • 收稿日期:2014-08-25 修回日期:2014-08-25 接受日期:2014-09-16 出版日期:2015-04-07 发布日期:2015-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 石有明
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市“十二五”主要农作物良种创新工程项目“效益型油菜新品种选育与配套技术研发”(cstc2012ggB80008)。

Influence of Climate Change on Oilseed Rape Production in Chongqing

Huang Hualei1, Zhou Yan1, Li Huanmei2, Liu Tao1, Liu Kang2, Shi Youming1   

  1. (1Characteristic Crop Research Institute of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 40216;2Chongqing Yongchuan Meteorological Bureau, Chongqing 402160)
  • Received:2014-08-25 Revised:2014-08-25 Accepted:2014-09-16 Online:2015-04-07 Published:2015-04-07

摘要： 为了研究重庆特殊的生态气候条件与油菜生产发展的关系，基于重庆1983—2013年气象资料和油菜生产状况，分析重庆近30年来气候变化特征及其对油菜生产的影响。结果表明：分析期内重庆年平均气温变化呈现显著的曲线上升趋势，日照时数呈现显著减少趋势（在0.05水平上通过显著性检验）；重庆近30年降雨量突变发生比较频繁，线性变化趋势不明显，但相邻年份间降水量差异较大，1998年降水量为1363.5 mm是分析期内降水量最多的一年，以此为突变点，此后呈下降趋势。菌核病发病指数与3月和4月平均气温相关系数为-0.682*达显著水平，菌核病发病指数与降雨量和日照时数相关性不显著；重庆油菜面积与温度呈显著负相关(P=-0.568*)，单产与温度相关性不显著。日照时数与油菜单产呈显著负相关(P=-0.544*)，与油菜面积相关性不显著。降雨量的线性变化趋势不明显，而且相邻年份间降水量差异较大，与油菜面积和单产相关性均不显著。

关键词: 竹醋, 竹醋, 红色甜椒, 贮藏, 品质

Abstract: In order to study the relationship between Chongqing special eco-climatic conditions and the development of rapeseed production based on meteorological data and rapeseed production situation in 2005-2013 in Chongqing, the authors analyzed the climate change in recent 30 years in Chongqing and its impact on rapeseed production. The results showed that: in the analysis period, Chongqing's average annual temperature change showed an ascending trend, sunshine hours showed significant decreasing trend (through the significant test at 0.05 level). Rainfall mutations occurred frequently, and the linear trend was not obvious; but rainfall between adjacent years showed significant differences, rainfall in 1998 reached 1363.5 mm which was the most in the analysis period and acted as a mutation point, then decreased. The correlation between index of sclerotinia rot and average temperature of March and April was -0.682*, reached significant level, while the correlation between index of sclerotinia rot and rainfall and sunshine hours was not obvious. Temperature had a significant negative correlation with oilseed rape area in Chongqing (P=-0.568*), but no significant correlation with yield. Sunshine hours had negative correlation (P=-0.544*) with oilseed rape yield, but no significant correlation with oilseed rape area. Linear trend of rainfall was not obvious, and the precipitation difference between adjacent years was great and its correlation with oilseed rape area and yield were not significant.