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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 36-39.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-2371

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同刈割茬次与刈割时期对大麦饲草产量与品质的影响

陈晓东,赵 斌,王 瑞,季昌好   

  1. (安徽省农业科学院作物研究所/安徽省农作物品质改良重点实验室,合肥 230031）
  • 收稿日期:2014-08-29 修回日期:2014-08-29 接受日期:2014-09-29 出版日期:2015-05-06 发布日期:2015-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 季昌好
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目“国家大麦青稞产业技术体系合肥综合试验站”(CARS-05)。

Effects of Different Cuts and Defoliation Timing on the Yield and Quality of Barley Forage

Chen Xiaodong, Zhao Bin, Wang Rui, Ji Changhao   

  1. (Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Anhui Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement, Hefei 230031)
  • Received:2014-08-29 Revised:2014-08-29 Accepted:2014-09-29 Online:2015-05-06 Published:2015-05-06

摘要： 大麦(Hordeum valgue L.)是一优质能量饲料作物，刈割是牧草管理的一种常规方式。为了研究刈割对大麦作为青（贮）饲的影响，以4份不同生态区具代表性的大麦新品种（系）为对象，分析了不同刈割茬次与刈割时期对大麦饲草产量与品质的影响。结果表明，所有品种第1茬饲草产量与品质均高于第2茬，重复刈割导致产草量不同程度下降，其中‘盐丰1号’降幅最小(13.0%)，表现出较强的耐刈性。再次刈割，所有品种干鲜比、粗灰分含量增加，粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量下降，粗纤维、钙、磷含量变化因品种而异。分蘖期刈割大麦，营养物质含量高于灌浆期刈割，适口性好，可直接用作青饲料，且有利于植株再生。因此，2次刈割可于分蘖期开始，选用耐刈性好的大麦品种，分蘖期刈割大麦可直接用作青饲，灌浆期刈割可作为青贮饲料。

关键词: 控释尿素, 控释尿素, 土壤硝态氮, 植株全氮, 地上部生物量, 产量

Abstract: Barley (Hordeum valgue L.) is a feed crop with high quality and energy, and defoliation is a regular method for the management of pasture. To study the influence of defoliation on barley green forage usage, four representative barley varieties (lines) from diverse ecological regions were used in this study to analyze the effects of different cuts and defoliation timing on the yield and quality of barley forage. The results indicate both forage yield and quality in all varieties are higher in the first cut than in the second. Repeated defoliation results in forage yield loss in all varieties among which cultivar ‘Yanfeng 1’ presents tolerant with the smallest decline percentage of 13%. Repeated defoliation leads to the increase in the ratio of dry weight to fresh weight and crude ash content, and decrease in the content of crude protein and crude fat in all varieties. The content of crude fiber, Ca and P varied in different varieties following repeated defoliation. Barley grass removed in tillering stage has higher nutrition contents than in filling stage, and is palatable to be directly eaten by animals, and the defoliation timing is good for the regrowth. Thus, repeated defoliation can be initiated in the tillering stage and varieties with good tolerance should be selected. Barley plants can be removed as fresh green forage in tillering stage and silage in filling stage, respectively.