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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 50-56.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14100113

所属专题： 水产渔业

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

二氧化氯对草鱼肠道中异养菌数量变动及区系组成的影响

郑宗林1,2,王广军1,郑曙明2,朱成科2   

  1. (1中国水产科学院珠江水产研究所,广州 510000；2西南大学水产动物繁育和健康养殖研究中心,重庆 402460）
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-27 修回日期:2015-03-03 接受日期:2015-01-09 出版日期:2015-04-07 发布日期:2015-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 王广军
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划课题“淡水健康养殖关键技术研究与集成示范”(2012BAD25B01-2)；中国长江三峡集团公司科研项目“三峡水库生态渔业关键技术研究与工程示范”(CT-12-08-01)；中央高校基本科研业务费“嗜水气单胞菌OMPs共同抗原的筛选与体外重组”(XDJK2014C056)。

Effects of Chlorine Dioxide on Variation and Composition of Heterotrophic Bacteria Flora in Intestine of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Zheng Zonglin1,2, Wang Guangjun1, Zheng Shuming2, Zhu Chengke2   

  1. (1Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510000;2Fisheries Breeding and Healthy Cultivation Research Centre, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460)
  • Received:2014-10-27 Revised:2015-03-03 Accepted:2015-01-09 Online:2015-04-07 Published:2015-04-07

摘要： 为了解消毒剂对水产动物的影响，在池塘中以泼洒和挂袋2种方式施用消毒剂二氧化氯后，对草鱼养殖塘内水体、底泥和草鱼肠道中异养菌总活菌数进行调查，并分析肠道异养细菌的区系组成。试验分为4组，组1为250 g ClO2全池泼洒，组2为250 g ClO2挂袋，组3为500g ClO2泼洒，组4为500 g ClO2挂袋，试验期30天。结果表明养殖水体和底泥中总活菌数随ClO2使用方案的变化有显著差异。组2的活菌总数在3次采样中均最高，组1、组3和组4异养菌数量差异不显著(P>0.05)。草鱼肠道总活菌数和气单胞菌数变化趋势类似，即组2细菌总数和气单胞菌数所占比例最高，组4次之。其中，试验组2的活菌总数在3次采样过程中均最高，显著高于组1、3和4(P<0.05)；而试验组2和组4中气单胞菌的数量显著高于组1和组3(P<0.05)，但组1和组3间差异不显著(P>0.05)。对分离到的161株细菌进行了生理生化鉴定，发现草鱼肠道中的优势菌分别为气单胞菌、假单胞菌和芽孢杆菌，分别占肠道总细菌数的15.5%、19.3%和20.5%。组2中Shannon-wiener指数显著高于其他组(P<0.05)，组4和组1也显著高于组3(P<0.05)，但组1和组4之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。以挂袋方式施用250 g ClO2时草鱼肠道内细菌数量总数最多，气单胞菌数量最多，Shannon-wiener多样性指数显著高于其他组。在养殖水体中使用ClO2会对草鱼肠道细菌数量产生显著影响。

关键词: 药用植物, 药用植物, 航空搭载, 太空育种, 诱变, 选育

Abstract: To investigate the impacts of adding disinfectants in the water on the intestinal microflora composition of aquatic animals, two different methods (splashing chlorine dioxide and hanging chlorine dioxide in bags) were adopted in the grass carp pond to study the total number of heterotrophic bacteria and the composition of heterotrophic bacteria flora in pond water, sediment, and grass carp intestine. The trial lasted 30 days with 4 treatment groups. 250 g ClO2 were splashed to the whole pool and hanged in bags respectively in group 1 and group 2. And 500 g ClO2 were splashed to the whole pool and hanged in bags respectively in group 3 and group 4. The results showed that the total number of bacteria in pond water and sediment differed significantly with different ClO2 using strategies. Among them, the total number of living bacteria in group 2 kept the highest in the three samples, whereas no significant differences were found among group 1, 3 and 4(P>0.05). Similar trend was found in the number variation of grass carp intestinal bacteria and aeromonas. Total number of intestinal bacteria and aeromonas in group 2 and group 4 ranked the first and the second, respectively. Total number of intestinal bacteria in group 2 was significantly higher than that in group 1, 3 and 4(P<0.05), and total number of aeromonas in group 2 and group 4 was also significantly higher than that in group 1 and 3(P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between group 1 and group 3(P>0.05). Furthermore, 161 bacteria were isolated based on the physiological and biochemical identification. Aeromonas, Pseudomonas and Bacillus subtilis occupied 15.5%, 19.3% and 20.5% of the total intestinal living bacteria, respectively, and were found to be the dominant intestinal bacteria in grass carp. Besides, Shannon-wiener index in group 2 was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05) and the index in group 4 and group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 3 (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between group 4 and group 1(P>0.05). The results in this experiment effectively demonstrated that using chlorine dioxide in grass carp pond would have a significant impact on intestinal bacteria of grass carp.