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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (28): 146-150.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15030100

所属专题： 玉米

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

南充市应用生物导弹防治玉米螟效果和效益研究

彭昌家1,白体坤1,丁 攀1,冯礼斌1,尹怀中2,龙维国3,杨宇衡4,杨建华3,何海燕5,苟建华6,罗怀海7   

  1. (1南充市植保植检站,四川南充 637000；2南充市高坪区植保植检站,四川南充 637100；3四川省仪陇县植保植检站,四川仪陇 637641；4西南大学植物保护学院,重庆 400716；5四川省南部县植保植检站,四川南部 637300；6四川省阆中市植保植检站,四川阆中 637400；7四川省农业厅植物保护站,成都610041）
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-12 修回日期:2015-08-19 接受日期:2015-06-25 出版日期:2015-10-27 发布日期:2015-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 彭昌家
  • 基金资助:
    农业部关于认定第一批国家现代农业示范区的通知（农计发[2010]22号）；主要粮油作物重大病虫害预警与综防措施研究和应用项目(N1997-ZC002)。

Control Effect and Benefit of Bio-Guide Wasp Missile on Ostrinia furnacalis in Nanchong City

Peng Changjia1, Bai Tikun1, Ding Pan1, Feng Libin1, Yin Huaizhong2, Long Weiguo3,Yang Yuheng4, Yang Jianhua3, He Haiyan5, Gou Jianhua6, Luo Huaihai7   

  1. (1Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station of Nanchong City, Nanchong Sichuan 637000;2Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station of Gaoping District in Nanchong City, Nanchong Sichuan 637100;3Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station of Yilong County in Sichuan Province, Yilong Sichuan 637641;4College of Plant Protection, Southwestern University, Chongqing 400716;5Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station of Nanbu County in Sichuan Province, Nanbu Sichuan 637300;6Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station of Langzhong City in Sichuan Province, Langzhong Sichuan 637400; 7Sichuan Provincial Department of Agriculture Plant Protection Station, Chengdu 610041)
  • Received:2015-03-12 Revised:2015-08-19 Accepted:2015-06-25 Online:2015-10-27 Published:2015-10-27

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摘要： 为了推进“绿色植保”、探明生物导弹在南充市防治玉米螟的效果，减少农药用量及残留和环境污染与防治成本，确保玉米生产、品质和生态环境安全，促进玉米增产增收，采用灯下诱蛾和田间剥查与试验示范相结合等方法，开展生物导弹防治玉米螟效果和效益研究。结果表明，每公顷投放生物导弹30~37对，平均防效78.0%，防治成本139.50~172.50元，比化学农药防治少142.50~168.00元，玉米产量比空白对照区平均高817.8 kg，增产11.0%，增加产值1799.16元，增收节支1941.66~1967.16元。2003—2014年累计示范推广24507.33 hm2，增产2004.21万kg，新增产值4409.26万元，节省防治费用349.23~411.72万元，增收节支4758.49~4820.98万元，减少农药5%杀虫双大粒剂551.41 t或90%杀虫单使用12.87 t。且生物导弹使用简便，劳动强度小，适于老、弱、妇、幼操作，对人畜和环境安全，节省药械和用水，是有机农业、现代农业、绿色和无公害农产品及IBM绿色防控示范园区防治玉米螟、减少化学农药的理想替代产品。

关键词: 水稻, 水稻, 田面水, 氮素, 磷素

Abstract: In order to promote “green plant protection”, reduce the dosage and residue of pesticides and control cost of environment pollution, as well as ensure corn production, quality and agricultural ecological environment safety, research of control effect and benefit on Ostrinia furnacalis in Nanchong City was conducted using Bio-Guide Wasp Missile (BGWM). Compared with the blank control areas, control cost was 139.50-172.50 CNY in area which was put into 30-37 pairs of BGWM per hectare, and that was 142.50-168.00 CNY less than the cost in areas using chemical control. And the average control effect could reach 78.0%. Average corn yield per hectare reached 817.8 kg and was increased by 11.0%. Output value increased 1799.16 CNY, so farmers could earn extra 1941.66-1967.16 CNY per hectare. Cumulative demonstration areas in Nanchong City were up to 24507.33 hm2, total corn yield, output value and saved cost increased 20.0421 million kg, 44.0926 million CNY, 47.58-48.21 million CNY from 2003 to 2014, respectively. Control cost reduced 3.4923-4.1172 million CNY. Using BGWM decreased 5% dosage Thiosultapdisodium Macrogranule by 551.41 t, or 90% Monosultap by 12.87 t. Moreover, BGWM was simple to use, suitable for all ages, safe to human and environment, had low labor intensity, and could save spraying equipment and water. Therefore, BGWM is the ideal substitute for chemical pesticide for controlling Ostrinia furnacalis in organic agriculture, modern agriculture, the production of green and pollution-free agricultural products, and IBM prevention and control demonstration gardens.

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