AMF复合菌剂对寒地水稻光合作用和生长效应的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0114

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (33): 15-22.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0114

所属专题：生物技术；水稻；农业生态

AMF复合菌剂对寒地水稻光合作用和生长效应的影响

张博¹^,²(), 石峰¹^,², 宋福强¹^,²()

¹黑龙江省寒地生态修复与资源利用重点实验室，生命科学学院，哈尔滨 150080
²黑龙江大学嘉祥产业技术研究院，山东嘉祥 272400

收稿日期:2022-03-02 修回日期:2022-05-27 出版日期:2022-11-25 发布日期:2022-11-22
通讯作者: 宋福强
作者简介:张博，男，1995年出生，黑龙江齐齐哈尔人，在读硕士，研究方向：微生物生态学。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号黑龙江大学生命科学学院，Tel：0451-86609306，E-mail：770176231@qq.com。
基金资助:
黑龙江省自然科学基金团队项目“寒区农业土壤面源污染微生物调控技术的研究”(TD2019C002)

AMF Complex Fungicides: Effects on Photosynthesis and Growth of Rice in Cold Region

ZHANG Bo¹^,²(), SHI Feng¹^,², SONG Fuqiang¹^,²()

¹Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
²Jiaxiang Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heilongjiang University, Jiaxiang, Shandong 272400

Received:2022-03-02 Revised:2022-05-27 Online:2022-11-25 Published:2022-11-22
Contact: SONG Fuqiang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究AMF复合菌剂对水稻生长及产量的促进效果，旨在为绿色高产水稻的种植提供技术基础。本试验以水稻(Oryza sativa L.)为研究对象，测定大田条件下水稻植株的光合作用参数、总生物量和水稻产量及其构成因素。AMF复合菌剂能显著提高内生真菌在水稻根部的侵染率，AMF+PI+AR处理的侵染率高达86.7%，能与水稻根系建立良好的共生关系。施加AMF复合菌剂能提高水稻叶片的光合作用强度和水稻总生物量，与PI、AR、AMF、FP、CK相比水稻的总生物量分别提高了25.9%、31.7%、24.4%、17.2%、38.1%。AMF复合菌剂种植与常规农作物施肥种植相比产量提高了6.9%。AMF复合菌剂能够有效促进水稻生长并提高产量，相比较常规农作物施肥有着零施肥、低成本、高产量的优势，可实现水稻清洁生产并解决稻田面源污染问题。

关键词: AMF复合菌剂, 寒地水稻, 光合作用, 光合气体交换参数, 面源污染

Abstract:

This study investigated the promoting effect of AMF complex fungicides on the growth and yield of rice, aiming to provide a technological basis for the cultivation of green and high-yielding rice. This experiment was conducted on rice (Oryza sativa L.) to determine photosynthetic parameters, total biomass, yield and yield constituent factors of rice plants under field condition. AMF complex fungicides significantly increased the infestation rate of endophytic fungi in rice roots, and the colonization rate of AMF+PI+AR treatment was as high as 86.7%, which established a good symbiotic relationship with rice roots. The application of the AMF complex fungicides increased the photosynthetic intensity of rice leaves and total rice biomass, and the total rice biomass increased by 25.9%, 31.7%, 24.4%, 17.2% and 38.1% compared with that of PI, AR, AMF, FP and CK, respectively. AMF complex fungicides planting increased the rice yield by 6.9% compared with the conventional crop fertilization planting. AMF complex fungicides can effectively promote the growth and improve the yield of rice. Compared with traditional crop fertilization, AMF complex fungicides have the advantages of zero fertilization, low cost and high yield, and can enable clean rice production and solve the problem of non-point source pollution in rice fields.

Key words: AMF complex fungicides, rice in cold region, photosynthesis, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, non-point source pollution

中图分类号:

张博, 石峰, 宋福强. AMF复合菌剂对寒地水稻光合作用和生长效应的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(33): 15-22.

ZHANG Bo, SHI Feng, SONG Fuqiang. AMF Complex Fungicides: Effects on Photosynthesis and Growth of Rice in Cold Region[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(33): 15-22.

图/表 8

图1. AMF复合菌剂育苗流程示意图

图2. 显微镜下AMF+PI+AR处理水稻根内侵染情况(400×)

图3. 不同时期水稻根部侵染率结果为5个重复的均值±标准差。不同字母表示不同处理间的差异(P<0.05)

图4. 不同处理组水稻叶片光合气体交换参数结果为3个重复的均值±标准差。不同字母表示不同处理间的差异(P<0.05)，图A为水稻叶片蒸腾速率(E)，图B为水稻叶片气孔导度(GH2O)，图C为水稻叶片净光合速率(A)，图D为水稻叶片胞间CO2浓度(Ci)

图5. 不同处理组水稻叶片气体交换参数变化幅度结果为3个重复的均值±标准差。变化幅度在不同接种处理之间进行(P<0.05)

图6. 不同处理对水稻株高的影响结果为10个重复的均值±标准差。不同字母表示不同处理间的差异(P<0.05)

图7. 不同处理对水稻总生物量的影响结果为5个重复的均值±标准差。不同字母表示不同处理间的差异(P<0.05)

处理	每平米穗数/(No./m²)	每穗粒数/(No./panicle)	结实率/%	千粒重/g	产量/(t/hm²)
FP	228 c	84 b	92.86 a	28.49 a	9.63 b
CK	180 d	72 d	82.45 d	23.73 b	7.22 f
PI	216 c	79 c	87.06 b	23.89 b	7.97 d
AR	192 d	76 c	84.07 bc	24.11 b	7.36 e
AMF	252 b	86 b	90.84 a	24.15 b	8.80 c
AMF+PI+AR	312 a	94 a	93.71 a	24.59 b	10.29 a

表1. 不同处理条件下水稻产量及其构成因素

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AMF复合菌剂对寒地水稻光合作用和生长效应的影响

AMF Complex Fungicides: Effects on Photosynthesis and Growth of Rice in Cold Region

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