欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (24): 78-85.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15040184

所属专题: 玉米

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

密度与行距对玉米‘协玉3号’穗部性状及产量的影响

段宏凯,李卫东,王锦慧,杜天庆,唐嫣然,梁李涛,曹恒伟,王 荣,刘健伟,莫 婷,韩琼玉,刘慧琴   

  1. (山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷 030801)
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-24 修回日期:2015-07-16 接受日期:2015-06-23 出版日期:2015-08-26 发布日期:2015-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 李卫东
  • 基金资助:
    山西科学技术攻关项目“山西中部夏播粮食兼用玉米新品种选育”(714141);校内育种基金“高产抗病玉米新品种选育”(412579);高等学校教学改革重点项目(“卓越农林管理人才实验班”培养模式的改革与探索)(J2015023)。
    第一作者简介:段宏凯,男,1994年出生,山西祁县人,本科,研究方向:玉米栽培技术。通信地址:030801 山西省太谷县铭贤路1号 山西农业大学农学院,E-mail:1203374959@qq.com。
    通讯作者:李卫东,男,1952年出生,山西平遥人,副教授,研究生,主要从事玉米育种与栽培研究。通信地址:030801 山西农业大学家属院,E-mail:sxndlwd@163.com。
    收稿日期:2015-04-29,修回日期:2015-06-30。

Effects of Row Spacing and Planting Density on Panicle Shape and Maize Yield of ‘XieYu 3’

Duan Hongkai, Li Weidong, Wang Jinhui, Du Tianqing, Tang Yanran, Liang Litao, Cao Hengwei, Wang Rong, Liu Jianwei, Mo Ting, Han Qiongyu, Liu Huiqin   

  1. (College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu Shanxi 030801)
  • Received:2015-04-24 Revised:2015-07-16 Accepted:2015-06-23 Online:2015-08-26 Published:2015-08-26

摘要: 为研究种植密度与行距对玉米产量、穗部性状以及通过穗部性状对产量的影响,寻求最佳种植行距与密度,为实现玉米超高产栽培创建提供技术依据。以玉米品种‘协玉3号’为材料,设置3个行距[50 cm等行距、60 cm等行距与40 cm+60 cm宽窄行]、3个种植密度[60000、67500、75000株/hm2],随机区组设计,3次重复,共27个小区,每小区行长6 m,行宽3 m,面积18 m2。50 cm等行距与宽窄行为6行区,60 cm等行距为5行区。结果表明,行距对‘协玉3号’的产量影响达到了极显著水平,而且不同行距配置中穗重、穗行数、穗粗以及穗粒重差异显著,不同密度间穗重、穗行数、百粒重与穗粒重差异显著,多个作用大小不一的穗部性状间的交互作用共同影响决定玉米产量。‘协玉3号’在密度为75000株/hm2和60 cm等行距模式下产量最高,可达16646.70 kg/hm2。因此,在山西中部水浇地条件下采用紧凑型玉米品种‘协玉3号’,适当扩大种植行距、缩小株距、增加种植密度是提高玉米产量的重要途径。

关键词: 药用植物, 药用植物, 抗寒性, 生理研究

Abstract: In order to select the optimal row spacing and plant density and provide the technical basis for establishing the cultivation pattern of corn (Zea mays L.) super-high-yield, the effects of row spacing and plant density on panicle traits and yield were assessed in central Shanxi. The experimental design with the corn material of ‘Xieyu 3’ was a randomized block with nine treatments and three replications. The area of each plot was 18 m2 (6 cm length × 3 cm width). Row spacing included 60:60, 50:50 and 60:40 cm that evaluated in plant density 60000, 67500 and 75000 plant/hm2. Six lines were arranged for the treatments of 50:50 and 60:40 cm row spacing, and fives lines for that of 60:60 cm row spacing. The results showed that row spacing had significant effects on the yield of ‘XieYu 3’ at the 0.01 level. The ear weight, ear rows, ear coarse and ear grain weight were significantly affected by row spacing at 0.05 level. And the ear weight, ear rows, 100-kernel weight and ear grain weight were significantly affected by planting density at 0.05 level .The yield of ‘XieYu 3’ was mainly determined by the interaction among its panicle traits. Moreover, the highest yield of 16646.70 kg/hm2 was obtained at a plant density of 75000 plant/hm2 with a row spacing of 60:60 cm. Therefore, the compact-type corn of ‘Xieyu3’ is a good maize variety in the irrigated area in the center of Shanxi, and appropriately expanding plant spacing, narrowing the planting distance and increasing planting density could be a potential important way to increase the yield.